The most dangerous elements on the periodic table - Shannon Odell

[@derkaiser420]

The Periodic Table is definitely one of the most important inventions in modern science. They way it is set up, how easy it is to understand, and the information it displays readily is genius. It is also one of the only inventions that shows us what we are missing which means we can never stop searching for new elements.

[@batatah]

I'd argue that instant noodles are also one of the most important inventions in modern history.

[@jimmytimmy3680]

Thank Mendelev. 🇷🇺 💪

[@zodiacfml]

it took a long time and effort to refine to get what it is today. there are other variations or inventions to make it even better.

[@Rose-ff3fi]

​@@batatahInstant noodles in modern science?

[@honor9lite1337]

Is there instant noodles before 50's? ​@@Rose-ff3fi

[@user-qd1uj5ii1x]

THE ELEMENT OF SURPRISE ‼️‼️‼️😱😱😱😱😱😱😱

[@groundedgaming]

So many die of the shock each year because of it...😔

[@Hi-Im-Noob-uwu]

AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH

[@adrienneandcarlie]

😂🤣😂

[@Will-yy7cg]

Nobody expects the Spanish Inquisition! Our chief weapon is surprise... surprise and fear... fear and surprise... Our two weapons are fear and surprise... and ruthless efficiency.... Our three weapons are fear, and surprise, and ruthless efficiency... and an almost fanatical devotion to the Pope... Our four... no... Amongst our weapons... Amongst our weaponry... are such elements as fear, surprise... I'll come in again.

[@cynot71]

Sort of like the girl is a he and not a she?

[@augustinesim1672]

it is important to mention that alpha particles are easily blocked by a paper sheet while beta requires more protection and gama only by concrete and lead

[@sir.op3429]

yeah, what makes polonium hazardous is that it's able to get inside your body, effectively making All of your body the sheet of paper

[@ammonal244]

Yes. The only way to get hurt with alpha radiation is to introduce alpha-emitting elements into your body.

[@knutritter461]

@@sir.op3429 No it's not. You need to eat/drink or inhale it. If you put it on your skin nothing will happen as long as you don't INcorporate it. It is not absorbed by our skin as well.

[@MemeAnt]

Apparently the paper thing is a myth. Thought emporiums videos on radioactive quackery show this, although I can remember which video specifically.

[@knutritter461]

@@MemeAnt It's not about a video on youtube, it's about real education in physics even at school! Our teacher had an alpha-emitter and a geiger counter. When he put the sheet of paper in between the count went down massively and hardly anything was detected. Additionally I repeated that experiment in physics on my own at the uni during my studies of chemistry.... later we even used a beta emitter to learn about the relativistic effect concerning mass increase of ultra high speed electrons (v > 0.01 c). As a trained natural scientist I do not trust any video stating otherwise because it's in contradiction to my professional education and thus my gained experience and knowledge. Experimental data always outplays hearsay on youtube.

[@Electroblade360]

0:53 You gotta love how they used this periodic table even though elements Uun Uup Uus and Uup are already named.

[@ericstelzman5190]

I know that Tennessine was synthesized at ORNL.

[@midnighttrain-jz2my]

You are kidding, right?

[@MrFormaldehyde]

​@@midnighttrain-jz2my No

[@adrianblake8876]

This doesn't make the periodic table outdated, just that these elements have been officially named ("Uup" for example was a placeholder name for element 115)

[@Electroblade360]

​@@adrianblake8876 ik

[@vegasoverheaven]

the animations are cheeky. love them!

[@MwelwaOnCos]

Thank you for giving us possibly dangerous information

[@dinohall2595]

Not too dangerous unless you know of a place to buy these elements in bulk.

[@honor9lite1337]

No need in bulk, just few milligrams ​@@dinohall2595

[@MwelwaOnCos]

@@dinohall2595 👀👀👀

[@sapphyrus]

I doubt any would-be murderers were waiting for this video to act.

[@my.name_00]

we've been doing so since alfred nobel

[@yumibro8121]

I love this artist. I feel like their work improves with every video they do for you. Thanks for the amazing content!

[@russelmalik6714]

Thanks I really needed this for my landlord😊

[@sketchyskies8531]

Oh no

[@noone-zg6ic]

FBI open up

[@muhammedzamansavad6269]

dun dun duuuunn

[@pallavmahato7865]

Makes sense

[@sanakrishna9765]

💀💀💀😭🤚

[@nevgongivuup]

1. Thallium 2. Lead 3. Mercury 4. Cesium 5. Francium 6. Polonium

[@wingmansfury]

And arsenic?

[@LoreSolver4]

Wierd they missed Arsenic, Cadmium, Radium, Urainium and Plutonium.

[@Calicido]

The rats at the end tho lol

[@josefmazzeo6628]

Yeah, now we use blood thinners....don't laugh for long ha ha.

[@Dheeraj5373]

One thing to note is that humans are the ones who made such discoveries, and some of them became too deadly for human society.

[@samstromberg5593]

Progress is still worth it, even if there are some mistakes and collateral damage

[@honor9lite1337]

​Indeed. @@samstromberg5593

[@p0tat0_Child]

The fact that the way these videos are made, you learn way more than you would have at a public school. Good Stuff

[@LittleToyBonnie]

2:47 Bismuth is incorrectly listed as one of the Radioactive elements. It is the heaviest element that has a stable isotope of itself.

[@Abhay0505]

Now that's the kind of videos I love watching while having dinner 😁

[@Domanixcool]

Just gotta love how elements 80, 81, and 82 are on here

[@MisterVercetti]

I've always found Technetium and Promethium particularly fascinating. They're like the Missingnos of the chemical elements - atomic physics dictate that they should exist naturally, yet they've never been found, and trying to reproduce them has typically undesirable results. It's almost like a couple of elements were just "deleted", if such a thing were possible, and what humans have managed to create are more or less their glitchy remains.

[@ffc1a28c7]

They both have been found in the natural fission reactions of Uranium. If you stick a lump of pitchblend in an NMR, you will see spikes for Technetium and Promethium with a sensitive enough instrument. We have also seen the spectrum from stars for both elements. Literally just read the Wikipedia page for the the elements lmao

[@FulgenceMalvenue]

Some students from the University of Oxford made a video about technetium that might interest you: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aYTSiWyXps2mrpo

[@妛槞]

They do exist naturally as daughter nuclides of primordial radioisotopes, but they're about as uncommon as Francium and Astatine. But it's definitely interesting that they don't have any stable isotopes "just because".

[@Pfisiar22]

@@ffc1a28c7 They were, however, discovered through synthesis before being found naturally.

[@kirukiru5421]

The rats high-fiving each other at the end was funny 😂😂

[@ChildDevourer83]

Tysm, I’ll make sure to use these!

[@quasipseudo1]

The animations never get old!

[@妛槞]

I'm surprised Radon wasn't given a special mention here. A lot of the radioactive elements (Particularly Francium and Astatine) are too rare to pose as a health risk naturally but Radon is very much a problem as a radioactive gas.

[@BlackStallionStudios]

Just a note: please don’t represent atoms or ions as a cluster of particles because then they are easy to confuse with molecules. This is obviously unless you’re talking of protons, neutrons and electrons. Otherwise, Great work!

[@Hyrule_Castle-s1m]

4:16 plot twist: the rats were the ones who actually poisoned people so thallium would be banned

[@fuffoon]

Short and sweet and informative. Nice work.

[@huwprice881]

I was somewhat surprised to find that Amazon were listing specimens of Thallium for sale.

[@rocknrollmanic]

Hello student of science here. I've been told that Francium is not as reactive as Cesium due to quantum effects pulling the valence electrons closer. I was also told Bismuth is stable with a half life equal to more than the age of the universe. I was hoping to see you research or source on this

[@CraigPater]

You were told incorrectly francium is more reactive than ceasium a quick google search reveals that

[@andrewlevick1015]

Yes - it's due to relativistic effects. The outer electron is moving so fast that it's mass increases. This increases the first ionisation energy of francium which deceases its reactivity.

[@lharsay]

@@andrewlevick1015 you mean the innermost electrons

[@koteghe7600]

3:36 fun fact! Marie Skłodowska-Curie didn't give up her maiden name

[@Curiescat-f5f]

Fun fact! Actually she did

[@koteghe7600]

@@Curiescat-f5f She didn't. After marriage she went by Marie Skłodowska-Curie. She wanted to keep the "Skłodowska" part, to show her polish heritage

[@Curiescat-f5f]

@@koteghe7600 ig that no one wrote treatise of radioactivity by madame P. Curie then And no one wrote Pierre's biography by Marie Curie Unless... Marie Curie is a real person?!

[@medicine-mcqs]

Thank you for sharing your expertise !

[@SofiVIVI]

Love this artsyle

[@ankurchauhan2445]

What about Beryllium? It is considered one of the most toxic non radioactive elements by some agencies.

[@nicholasneyhart396]

The predisposition to beryllium toxicity is somewhat genetic according to a growing body of research. Some people get fatal lung damage from incendental exposure, but some people can be exposed to copious amounts just fine.

[@Sillesiann]

It's Marie SKLODOWSKA-Curie, use her proper name like she would have wanted

[@Curiescat-f5f]

She wanted us to use Curie

[@nuisance_i_am_a]

Hi TED-Ed, this video was great and humoured!

[@mattp422]

I recently learned that Fr may actually be less reactive than Cs due to relativistic effects making its ionization energy higher than one would expect based on its location on the periodic table.

[@yolomolo2736]

3:23 Alpha particles (Helium) are the least hazardous of all the particles emitted from radiation, it can’t get past skin, clothes, etc. Beta particles (electrons) can penetrate more by getting through the skin and gamma (em waves) can get through anything. It is said that we are running out of Helium, maybe we can make more from alpha particles?

[@therealelement75]

in theory, we could, just add electrons

[@Member_of_MENSA]

Lol! alpha particles are the most dangerous when seen in terms of absorbed dose, compared to beta particles or gama rays. Alpha particles are most dangerous bcz they have highly ionizating.

[@FrostedCreations]

Alpha particles are far more hazardous when the emitter is ingested or inhaled as they interact directly with internal organ tissue, but you're right they could have been clearer. It's thought Irène inhaled polonium at some point.

[@miladmirmoghtadaei5038]

The fellow rats at the end were hilarious 😂

[@Infiniqii]

Ted Ed can teach me more in 4 minutes than any school

[@notmewooshme9916]

Meanwhile, oxygen is the slowest position that can kill a human in about 60 years.

[@therealelement75]

But without the antidote (the nitrogen in the air) it's much faster.

[@OluwasegunJoshua-f2e]

The animations are cool, funny and well done

[@anachronistofer]

Dark information packaged for children. The deadly thallium element was so cute.

[@CraigPater]

I have personal experience with previously working with the alkali metals sodium Metal and potassium metal in my high school chemistry studies, and I can confirm from my personal experience of observing the reaction of sodium and potassium with water under safe controlled scientific conditions while sodium and potassium aren't as reactive as caesium or francium they are still highly reactive and readily ignite or violently explode on contact with water. As mentioned in this video how violently alkali metals react with water depends on which alkali Metal is involved. In addition to that how violent the reaction of alkali metals is with water also depends on the amount or quantity of a specific alkali metal is involved in reacting with water. I also worked with a small quantity of radioactive uranium ore during my earth science studies in high school.

[@Night-Sky69]

Who needs Netflix when you have TED-Ed

[@athayawafiandaka8994]

Watching this reminds me of Marie Curie 😢😢😢

[@PrasissDhoongell]

😵 Really???

[@bubsonog]

I'm sorry, but it's Marie Skłodowska-Curie, not just Curie. I was about to ignore that, but yet you have mentioned her daughther's double-barrelled surname. Why not Marie's too?

[@jay_benitez24]

Idk

[@SandpiperArtsofWOF]

most people know her as Marie Curie.

[@bubsonog]

@@SandpiperArtsofWOF How is that an argument? Only shows what ignorance has done.

[@SandpiperArtsofWOF]

@@bubsonog well, ask the people who think her full name is Marie Curie. I know that she has a double barreled surname.

[@Curiescat-f5f]

One of the reasons could be that fredric took her name as well so they both are Joliot-Curie and it's like calling them by the same name and Pierre never called himself Skłodowski

[@hareeshe1473]

Thank you

[@hermanjohnson9180]

I knew some of the stuff but for the stuff I didn't know it's really fascinating.

[@KilerCrepper]

Why are you using the full name of Irene Joliot-Curie, but don't you use Maria Skłodowska-Curie?

[@Curiescat-f5f]

Perhaps bc fredric took her last name when Pierre didn't

[@EstivenSoosa]

Good morning intermediaries, I wanted to tell you that I know the reason why children are kidnapped in the United States. Some foreign nations that are at war steal children and train them with weapons against their will and force them to do things they do not want to do. They are the nations that do not have a sufficient number of soldiers that send men to kidnap children and young people. This is one of the reasons why the majority of missing people are never found. This message is to alert you and if an international media would help me to transmit this news it would help hundreds of people. If there were a media that sent information about each missing person to each country in the world it would make a difference, and more people would be rescued.

[@ConcerninglyWiseAlligator]

What your dealer, I mean, your source?

[@Sasatern]

0:33 I couldn't stop laughing.

[@gailaltschwager7377]

Thank you!

[@DiyorbekEshboboyev-p4j]

This is awesome and useful content thank you

[@auro1986]

elements you consider safe for human consumption can also be dangerous if their amount exceeds required portion or reduces to zero

[@evanrosman9226]

Chaotic Table.

[@hungarianheroes]

Hi! First I'd like to thank for the nice video. Second, I'd like to point out a serious mistake. At 2:13 you show the reaction between sodium and water. Transferring an electron from the sodium is alright, but it isn't picked up by the oxygenatom! The hydrogenatom* is the culprit, that's how H2 gas is evolved through the reaction. (Notice that oxygen cannot have 9 electrons on its outer shell!) *A hydrogen ion, to be exact.

[@therealelement75]

As a rhenium atom, no I don't have anything funny to say. btw, the periodic table is outdated, with the new elements named. And btw, in no place did I hear the halogens (probably because you won't likely find them in pure form, fluorine is so reactive that you touch it it reacts. You will find bromine in pure form (if you make it yourself) or iodine (which is a common medicine). Chlorine isn't that much of a threat)

[@DavidGonzalez65]

While the information provided is true and clearly started, I would appreciate a comment in the video mentioning that most elements in the Periodic Table are not dangerous and actually beneficial for life. In addition, nothing is said regarding that Sodium, Lithium and Potassium as positive ions are not dangerous at all. The authors should be carefull regarding these aspects since the people receiving the information could be confused and actually react in a chemophobic fashion to to incomplete information.

[@seffkhomosi4791]

funny how Mercury, Thallium, Lead hangout together on the table. The bad boy corner.

[@VJFallen]

Polonium was discovered by Maria Sklodowska-Curie, not by Marie Curie.

[@evanrosman9226]

The periodic table currently has no "J".

[@dhwanisingh8672]

Q also

[@Aziz_Piran]

Hats down for the animators!

[@عبدالعزيزألأزرق-و5ي]

Beautiful animation & stylish 💚🤍🤎

[@ffc1a28c7]

2:30 Francium is not likely the most reactive alkali metal owing to relativistic effects.

[@J.G.H.]

Cesium is actually the most reactive. Francium is so heavy - and has so may electrons - that weird spooky quantum effects - relativistic effects - start to take place, making it slightly less reactive than Cesium. This same effect happens with the Post Actinide elements, causing them to differ from their lighter congeners in their chemical properties, the most extreme example being element 118, Oganesson a member of Group 18, it unlike the "other" Nobel Gases it's predicted to be a solid at room temp likely a metal or a metaloid and it is also likely fairly reactive as well.

[@chimbukachibangulula5635]

I love the animation 😊

[@FryazinoStation]

In one episode of Rick and Morty the titular characters made a mix of cesium, water, and some technobabble, which went kaboom big time. Probably the only time the show had at least some bit of scientific accuracy.

[@rosabelsam3956]

I love Ted ed❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤

[@puncheex2]

Around 3:14 you start talking about alpha particles. First of all, the particles themselves are not the problem they are stopped, as is widely known, by skin, paper and a few inches of air. The problem is in dust particles containing billions of polonium/radium/whatever atoms that can lodge somewhere and irradiate a small volume around them.

[@BenjaminandNicholas-wk9xi]

Thallium is just yummy in my tummy(died)

[@dearthditch]

I wouldn’t be surprised if some of these have been in children’s toy chemistry sets

[@223Drone]

"Marie Curie invented the theory of radioactivity, the treatment of radioactivity, and dying of radioactivity." -The fact sphere.

[@jimparsons6803]

Heard about rare earths.

[@lp-xl9ld]

While it is true that anything in excess can be dangerous, some things are dangerous even in very small amounts

[@dominikkvesic6158]

Hello, you have awesome videos, which program you use for animation? 😁

[@Taegeun-09]

This channel big

[@a-Lia-Bility]

watching this procrastinating on my chem hw

[@EliHudson-b1r]

Please make a video on World War One

[@aretearyashamitanandyatama7315]

1:42 bro was like uhhhh I'm just gonna leave-

[@kyndrablankenship1758]

Did anyone else think of 911: Lone Star when they got to the mercury poisoning section?

[@solitudinarian0126]

Oh, I suddenly remember about Chinese student which was poisoned with thallium 😢

[@anthea6669]

I just watched a video about it !

[@altonlebronze3536]

I once watched a documentary on Yasser Arafat who was supposedly killed by Polonium poisoning. That how I came to know that chemical element. Po.

[@Dheeraj5373]

Almost all the chemists back in 1900 dies due to element posioning

[@Dheeraj5373]

😢

[@triteraerlangga7917]

it's crazy that a slight change in the amount of proton and neutron in an atom can lead you to death

[@natheriver8910]

Very interesting

[@amalsrivastava6853]

No wonder freddie was soo different

[@TheGerkuman]

🎵 Mother Mercury! Look what they've done to me 🎵 (My Fairy King - Queen, from the album 'Queen')

[@banutu6932]

​@@TheGerkumanAnother Queen fan. I love it! 😄

[@ashameem38]

Potassium is Smaller than Thallium, not the same size.

[@namonef]

Group 3 should contain Sc, Y, Lu. Lr.

[@PhuongThiThanhHang]

Cheeky animations, love them. Ever heard of Immersive Translate?? It's a tool that supports real-time subtitles and generate them for videos in foreign languages. With the subtitles, you fully understand the video content and naturally learn a foreign language while watching.

[@Becky_Cooling]

Elementary my dear Watson!

[@CSXEK]

Bromine is a very deadly element

[@FacundoLanatti-oy6jq]

Cool video, but what about Uranium?

[@4MO443]

Uranium is hard to get😅

[@JohnWarosa2]

Florine is also pretty scary

[@ரக்ஷித்2007]

2:47 Bismuth is not radioactive.

[@johnsober]

It is

[@henrythepotatohead]

To fully explain this, some background info is needed here: 1) In general, an element can exist in either 1 or more distinct "nuclear species" that we call "isotopes" or "nuclides", depending on the context. 2) Any particular isotope is considered stable/non-radioactive if it has an extremely long half-life (e.g. 10¹⁸ years) and no radioactive activity has been detected via experimental means such as direct observation of radioactivity (e.g. Geiger counter, cloud chamber, etc.) or indirect observation via detection and measurement of decay products. 3) If all the NATURALLY-OCCURRING isotopes of an element are determined to be stable, the element is considered (overall) to be stable. However, if any isotope(s) happens to be radioactive, but occurs naturally in extremely tiny amounts, the element can still be considered stable. An example is hydrogen, where one of its isotopes, tritium, is radioactive but is largely produced in nuclear reactors while naturally-occurring tritium is present in trace amounts in our atmosphere. 4) Elements such as uranium, whose isotopes are all observed to be radioactive, are naturally considered radioactive elements. Back to bismuth (finally!), it USED to be considered stable/non-radioactive, until in 2003, its only naturally-occurring "stable" isotope, Bi-209, was finally determined to be radioactive as physicists have detected α-particle emissions from it, even though its half-life is estimated to be 1.9 X 10¹⁹ years. Its other naturally-occurring radioactive isotopes have a very short half-life (e.g. ranges from μs to a few days), so it's still considered a non-radioactive element overall. As mentioned in point 2, bismuth, by definition, now failed that requirement and is therefore considered radioactive. Sources: 1) www.nature.com/articles/nature01541 2) physicsworld.com/a/bismuth-breaks-half-life-record-for-alpha-decay/

[@ரக்ஷித்2007]

@@henrythepotatohead nice research

[@ரக்ஷித்2007]

But my Chemistry teacher said that bismuth can be considered to be not radioactive while teaching about the p-block elements.

[@henrythepotatohead]

@@ரக்ஷித்2007 Practically speaking, your Chemistry teacher is right, because given bismuth's most stable isotope has an estimated half-life of about 1.9 X 10¹⁹ years and the fact that the researchers used a ‘scintillating bolometer’ at very low temperatures to detect the emission of α-particles instead of conventional ways, for all practical intents and purposes, it is still considered non-radioactive by lecturers when they teach it in class. However, from a technical and scientific point of view, it is considered radioactive. This is why science can be so confusing to people, partly because it (actually, reality as a whole) isn't always so clear-cut. We, as humans, like having clear-cut definitions and easy categorizations because they make everything easier to handle with less headache-inducing problems. But we need to recognize that strange things can happen, exceptions to so-called rules can exist, new things will be discovered that changes the way we understand things, etc., that's the nature of science or how the scientific method operates.

[@hendyreynaldi2920]

New fear unlocked 🗿

[@Rifbas01]

CID SONY TV writers getting story for their new episode with perpetrator using the toxic periodic elements to kill his victims.

[@melodyparra2960]

It’s elemental purely elemental. The murderer snuck a drop of Poison in the victims cake the victim died from A poisoned cake

[@victorpaesplinio2865]

I remember when Agatha Christie used thallium in one of her book's plot

[@BrainyGreenOtter]

The 3 dislikes are from those whose plans were spoilt

[@TinTin-wo2db]

SKŁODOWSKA!

[@jugemujugemugokonosurikire4735]

I'm surprised Arsenic isn't on this video.

[@dimwit75]

Was waiting for someone to mention Starkium (or Badassium) 😂

[@aintnothingbutchickenwing]

Which element?

[@Linogiven]

Those rats at the end😂😂