The 3 Healthiest Yogurts You Need To START EATING! | Dr. Steven Gundry

What are Healthy Yogurt options? Did you know that many mainstream yogurts found in your grocery store contain more sugar content than a bowl of ice cream? As for probiotic yogurts, many of those beneficial probiotics are usually not alive by the time they hit the shelves. So what yogurts CAN you eat? Find out in this episode as Dr. Gundry shares which yogurts you can say yes to!
The tools to live a long and healthy life delivered straight to your inbox!
SIGN UP for Dr. Gundry's newsletter here: DrGundry.com/
---------------------
In this episode, Dr. Gundry explores:
- The hidden sugar content in popular yogurts and why it's a health hazard.
- The unique benefits of coconut yogurt and why it’s a superior choice.
- An in-depth review of Lava Yogurt, and its rich probiotic content.
- The advantages of sheep and goat milk yogurts over regular cow's milk yogurts.
- Yogurts to absolutely avoid to keep your health in check.
Armed with this knowledge, you can now make informed decisions on which yogurts to include in your diet and which ones to steer clear of. Whether you are on a ketogenic diet, looking to improve your gut health, or just in search of healthier yogurt options, this episode is a treasure trove of valuable insights.
If you liked this, you may enjoy:
Stop Wasting Your Money on These 7 USELESS Supplements!
• Stop Wasting Your Mone...
Fish Oil Benefits: The Game-Changing Reason Why Fish Oil is a Must!
• Fish Oil Benefits: THI...

[@helanna9843]

I solved the problem by making my own yogurt. It's easy and I know exactly what is in it.

[@jaytrg]

My notes: 0:33 Any coconut yogurt without added fruit (sugar) 2:59 Lavva yogurt 4:40 Sheep and goat yougurt 5:31 Grass-fed A2 milk yogurt Basically any yogurt with added sugar, such as Chobani and Noosa, should be avoided.

[@heidyrivera9392]

❤ Thanks

[@banzaiburger9589]

*Lavva

[@carolbenson6524]

Thank you!

[@stephaniesamra7960]

What’s a lavva yogurt? Never heard of it??

[@vidpic8311]

​@@stephaniesamra7960The whole point of the video is to inform you and for you to go and find out....

[@adoe9807]

I buy A2/A2 organic milk and make my own 24-hour fermented yogurt by the gallon. It is easy to make, much more economical, and you control exactly what is in it. My homemade yogurt is thick, delicious, and sour - which we love. We go through a gallon of it very fast. I'm surprised Gundry did not suggest the homemade yogurt.

[@patriciasalyers9875]

how can i make yogurt

[@wildhorses6817]

Please include your recipe, we will appreciate that so much. Thx

[@adoe9807]

There are many sites online with instructions for making yogurt.@@wildhorses6817

[@ruthhorn8356]

Can you please send me the receipt

[@donnarossondannenmaier5063]

Just Google homemade yogurt recipe. Very easy.

[@milesvanrothow2067]

Goats yogurt is also a source of MCT - capric, caproic and caprylic acids were first identified in goats milk.

[@Demosophist]

I have tried the reuteri culture with half goats milk and half heavy cream, and I got something like cottage cheese. It wasn't bad, but didn't taste much like yogurt.

[@disinformationworld9378]

K2 is the overlooked topic. Without K2 you won’t properly process calcium which has huge implications for cardiovascular health.

[@rawi707]

@@Demosophist warm goats milk to 80 Celsius; let it cool to 50 Celsius degrees, add 2 tablespoons of Greek yogurt as culture (any brand you buy from the market). Let it in room temperature for two days. You'll get a nice goat yogurt, sour and tasty. If you keep it then in the fridge for a week, it will become better. Then, next time use two tablespoons of it as culture, and add 1 tablespoon of Greek yogurt to goats milk to prepare the next batch of goats yogurt. On and On and On.

[@androidetube]

​@@rawi707nice info, would you do it the same if using A2 cow's milk?

[@rawi707]

@@androidetube Yes, same for Cow's milk. And I usually add 250ml double cream to the milk mix, even if it's full cream milk. I forgot to mention that I put the milk in a glass jar, then all go inside a stainless steel pot on top of the stove. Then, the hot/warm water works as yogurt incubator (starting from 50º) .... the pot in room temperature 12 to 24 hours (it can go up two days) ... then the glass jar goes to fridge

[@gaylefailing7032]

I eat stoneyfield organic plain yogurt. I eat it with fresh fruit and maybe a teaspoon of honey or maple syrup. It’s so good and good for you.

[@marycastanon9021]

Did he ever mentioned those yogurts he has in the counter that are nondairy?

[@amandayoung4398]

Thanks Dr GUNDRY I switched to eating goats milk plain yoghurt and alternating with plain no added sugar coconut yoghurt for months now . Thank s for explaining the sugar content and what to watch out for 🐐🐑👍

[@YasminA-jm9zs]

Love the tie Dr. Gundry!

[@vincehunt752]

Thank you for the information Dr. Gundry

[@debtracton3043]

Thank you so much Dr G. I truly appreciate it when you actually discuss and tell us about products like in this video!!!! ❤

[@joysteyne3308]

Thank you for the information doc! I love the Alexandre yogurt!

[@mercyt2828]

I am loving the Dairy Free yogurt “Culina” that contains Prebiotics. I insert a berry or two, half of teaspoon of Italian Balsamic Vinegar Compote (Casa Forcello) and a square of dark chocolate.

[@kerrieannebaker8595]

glorious!

[@elisabethgardner6321]

Just buy plain whole milk yoghurt and add your own fruits

[@blobmonster9494]

Wont work for a lot of the people who watch these videos. They are trying to heal from inflammation.

[@micheldubois9466]

Great news doctor G ! Namaste !

[@arthurzengeler8296]

The added sugar, is very addictive also, so customers get hooked on it. I have been making my own yogurt, for many years. I heard when you first heat the milk up, to a boiling point, it destroys most of the harmful things in the milk. After I make it, I add honey and fruit. After doing this for many years, it tastes better than store bought ones, also much cheaper.

[@Ben-7711]

Brilliant videos ! Big fun of dr Gundry from Europe ☝🏼

[@sousou2231]

Thank you Dr Grundy for explained about yogurt ❤😊

[@andreabrownaspiunza8601]

You've change my life Dr Gundry ❤to the better of course 😊

[@annporter7359]

❤️Gundry❤ your plant paradox book helped me so much. I also get inspiration from your podcast. Thank you

[@justcomment8516]

Thank you for this video, very helpful! I feel like yoghurt with keto granola and raspberries for breakfast a couple of times a month and only buy natural organic goat yogurt. Would like to add variety and introduce plant yogurt, but commercial coconut yogurt here in grocery shops contains several starches, which I'm not planning to eat. Saw a recipe of home made coconut yogurt made of a can of coconut milk and the content of 2 probiotic capsules, will try soon. Any tips on how to make delicious coconut yoghurt without starches etc?

[@andreabrownaspiunza8601]

Thank you for this amazing information 🎉

[@J.M.M.J.]

Anyone here like eating Stonyfield Organic Grass Fed Yogurt? 😋

[@pinayfusioncooking4222]

We are!

[@J.M.M.J.]

@@pinayfusioncooking4222 What do you like to pair it with?

[@mickstevens6443]

I eat it dailey

[@monikareldan6029]

Greek

[@monikareldan6029]

Greek

[@paraskevimour193]

The best of all? Everybody knows that in all over the world , GREEK yogurt for ever from Florida USA 🇺🇸🇺🇸

[@jillking4751]

Hopefully Lavva will be made available in the Australian market soon.

[@Blkpll]

Such useful information! I just had my sheep yogurt today!

[@TheJackeeeo]

I've been eating the Cocojune yogurt recently. It's great. As well as GT's brand in a glass jar, Cocoyo.

[@jeffj318]

Great video! Fage 5%? How did you miss this one Dr. Gundry?

[@johnglynn7795]

Dr Gundry, Greatly appreciate your expertise regarding the Yogurt industry. Thank you for sharing! Captain Glynn

[@wadebahr]

Thank you so much, Dr. Gundry! I just discovered I have SIBO along with two ulcers among other things. As someone who had removed dairy from their life, I went back to making smoothies with all ingredients geared towards digestive healing. Thanks to you, I have been using plain goat yogurt and it's working very well. We all appreciate you always looking out for us. I can't wait for Gut Check to come out!!!

[@anagelfo4181]

I had SIBO in 2021 it was horrible

[@wildhorses6817]

What is your Smoothie Recipe and variations. I also have SIBO . Thx

[@wadebahr]

@wildhorses6817 I use frozen peaches, cranberries, and wild blueberries. I'm about to switch from blueberries to pomegranate kernels just because of the staining. I add, cinnamon, pistachios, walnuts, two Brazil nuts, and stevia to taste with the goat yogurt. But, I came up with this foe the ulcers. I had better luck with the low FODMAP diet, but ultimately the carnivor diet helped most. I have learned so much about SIBO specifically from Dr. Mark Hyman. Good luck to you!

[@nikkibaack-brooks6612]

​@@anagelfo4181did you recover from SIBO? My dad has had it , with chronic diarrhea, for 15+ years.

[@IPMan-me6lo]

I swapped my Natural Yoghurt with Self made Kefir. I think it is a great pro biotic food. And, can you review 12 hours or longer fermented sourdough bread, please? Only 3 ingredients, Flour, Water, Salt and if you like, some seeds.

[@emerymunezero9399]

Thanks! Dr. Gundry your are the best!

[@Rallo313]

I’ve been enjoying CocoYo for a couple of months now and I was never really a yogurt person. I find it pretty smooth and I’ll sometimes toss in walnuts to give it some crunch. Enjoy!

[@gingerdurbin2726]

I love Cocoyo

[@markkubert8572]

If you have a yogurt maker or an Instant pot, I recommend you try the Reuteri "yogurt" suggested by William Davis. There is also a culture from BiotiQuest that works well. I've been making them for a couple of years and love them. There are youtube videos on how to make them. Besides using different cultures than store yogurt, he ususally uses half & half instead of milk and ferments for 36 hours. Note that most store bought yogurt is only fermented for about 4 hours, which means it has very little bacterial content. As far as sweetner, I only add 1 tablespoon of inulin per quart of 1/2&1/2. Tart but tasty. Can't go back to store bought stuff.

[@Demosophist]

As I understand it very few bacteria make it through the stomach into the gut, so the primary benefit is mostly the postbiotics.

[@markkubert8572]

@@Demosophist I imagine that some small % of bacteria survive. As the level is probably 200X that of store yogurt because of the long ferment a significant number survive.

[@joanshealy1662]

I eat plain whole milk Greek yogurt I use as savory on baked potato and baking and add monk fruit and fresh fruit for a sweet treat ❤

[@SharonLewis-ij8vc]

A thousand thank yous!

[@azamnowrouzi7507]

Vary informative grate job thanks

[@rosekimbeng9365]

Thanks for sharing i mostly like the Greek yogurt.❤

[@edbaker4260]

I make my own Lactobacillus reuteri yogurt using 2 TB of inulin and A-2 half and half.

[@7seal553]

White Mountain Bulgarian yogurt is the best I've ever had. Bulgarian is superior to Greek; one of the main bacteria is named after Bulgaria - L. Bulgaricus. Up to 90 billion CFU per serving, live L. Acidophilus, L. Bulgaricus, S. Thermophilus, B. Bifidum. 5g of sugar.

[@nikkibaack-brooks6612]

Where do you get it at?

[@AarronnBlade]

@@nikkibaack-brooks6612 trader joes

[@deegir3354]

I eat Forager brand Organic Cashewmilk zero added sugars. Makes good substitute for sour cream too.

[@Bandaid17]

Chiobani now has yogurt sweetened with allulose and stevia!!

[@maggiewickwire2936]

I’ve been eating plain whole milk yogurt with fruit (mainly berries) lowest sugar I can find for several years. This is informative. I did not know about A1 or A2. I like sheep and goat yogurt a lot, but it is pricier than cow milk. Also I’ve tried coconut yogurt, but don’t find it as appealing as milk yogurt. I’ll give it another shot.

[@cnannylounge3b]

THe real doctors seem to be online . I love dr Gundry 🎉🎉🎉🎉

[@adeliawilliams4884]

Chobani has a zero sugar yogurt sweetened with monk fruit and stevia.

[@evarkf5303]

Yes to sheep yoghurt! Eating it every day. And so tasty! Well it has 5% fat. Not little for a yoghurt.

[@DashingPartyCrasher]

What brand do you like, and how much is it?

[@evarkf5303]

@@DashingPartyCrasher I’m not in usa. But here it costs about 5 usd for 750 g jar, that’s about 26.5 ounces. I have about 8 ounces a day.

[@1beachgirlbabe]

Thank you so much! Ive started buying when I can go out to the farm RAW goats yogurt that is not pasturized. Its pricy tho. As you know pasturization kills all the good nutrients and probiotics. Thank you for your reccomendations, I will try them too!

[@aija1085]

Thank you for your best advice, What about home mid yogurt?

[@louisd95714]

Dr. Gundry, I understand how bad cow's milk can be, but what do you think about greek yogurt made with 100 percent skimmed milk? I am asking because BJ's carries greek yogurt made with 100 percent skimmed milk, had only six grams of sugar, and lists milk as the only ingredient. It also has a very creamy texture. Please let me know what you think of this yogurt.

[@olgarosario567]

Thank you Dr. Gundry☺️ Sadly I can't find any of thise wher I live. 😟Can you please share information on how to make a healthy yougurt🙏🏻

[@laly6980]

I was buying Lavva yogur at Whole foods until they discontinued about 2 years ago, it's delicious! Unfortunately I couldn't find in a stores near me. Actually I am buying sheep yogurt by Bellwether farms it's almost $ 10 per container (24oz) I usually finish 4 containers a week since I eat yogurt for breakfast and snack with frozen berries, granola (lectin free) and honey (manuka).

[@wildhorses6817]

What granola do you recommend ( lectin free). Thx

[@elizabethhayes1983]

CULINA non-dairy yogurt!! Plain and simple flavor has NO FILLERS, NO SUGARS.

[@Poker_Pirate]

Chobani yogurt, they make a No-Sugar brand. It’s very good and will not raise your blood sugar. Well at least it doesn’t to my body. I add blackberries or blueberries and enjoy. I monitor my blood levels because I’m a type II diabetic.

[@carmenoliveras1285]

Thank Dr. Gundry

[@misstee101]

Plain greek yogurt for me thanks

[@carloscarion1748]

Chaque une a Sonne goute

[@tiffanybittman7523]

Thanks for the information

[@rumianagasparian43]

Dear sir, try to check about Bulgarian sour milk, it is really the best for your health, do it, please, you won't be sorry but greatly surprised! Much, much better than any yougurt, it is! Best wishes!

[@mariep4018]

I knew from the 1990s that any yogurt that contain sugar in it is not healthy to defeats the purpose of eating yogurt. I don’t understand how people are so ignorant and yet in all the grocery stores they sell yogurt with sugar in it. Whether it’s fruit sugar zone, artificial sugar it doesn’t matter. Sugar or sugar and it defeats the purpose of eating yogurt. Thank you for sharing more people need to know about this. You definitely are an expert on healthy diets.

[@michiewebster2404]

I used to eat the Lava yogurt every day but can no longer find it in my area. Sprouts used to carry it but they no longer do. I can’t find it at Whole Foods or any where. Any ideas where I can find in Tampa FL area?

[@naoumhalamoutis1960]

Can you do a blog on tooth paste?

[@francisdify]

Hi Dr. Gundry, many thanks for your dedication and shared knowledge. I would like to ask you if the following contents would be suitable to consume as I am looking for good gut health.Coconut Milk (40%), Coconut Water (40%), Water, Modified Corn Flour, Modified Tapioca Starch, Potato Starch, Guar Gum, Pectin, Natural Flavourings, Rice Flour, Vitamin D2, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Tricalcium Phosphate (Calcium), Natural Flavouring, Cultures (S. Thermophilus + L. Bulgaricus, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Bifidobacterium Lactis, Bifidobacterium Spp.) I welcome your kind response.

[@Sbannmarie298]

What are the yogurt to avoid?

[@paolazo-l4790]

Is there a diference in taste on these 2 β-casein proteins? are there cheeses, for instance, that can only be made with one specific β-casein? thank you, very useful

[@user-uh8hd2kk3c]

I love the noosa!

[@seabreezeof]

Get yourself a Greenstar Juicer, and make coconut cream from the white meat of coconut, add that to your homemade kefir and yogurt from grassfed raw dairy.

[@ukiahsguitarsolos3436]

How would you rate Stoneyfield organic whole milk yogurt?

[@tess5213]

I have been using Redwood Hill kefir and yogurt for a long time. Now that I know it's approved by Dr G. .........even better👍😊

[@Peridot07]

I only use their kefir. Their yogurt has tapioca starch

[@tess5213]

@@Peridot07 good to know 👍

[@Peetie_Wheatstraw]

Is adding chia seeds to yogurt ok? I add 1 teaspoon currently to a cup of yogurt.

[@DashingPartyCrasher]

I make a chia seeds protein pudding every day with a bit of high protein yogurt and other things, so I don't see any harm in combining chia with yogurt. Both are good for calcium.

[@Strength.And.Conditioning]

I like my yogurt pasteurized and full of sugar. Yum

[@Carlos-ly4sy]

No Lavva yogurts in Portugal... Yet! 🙂

[@aurelienserge970]

Hi Dr G. Do amaranth leaves contain lectins? We eat them a lot in Africa.

[@user-dt3wm8rn4j]

Protein is a must for me. Greek yogurt with zero sugar, artificial sweeteners, zero fat, zero flavor. It's fine for me. Acquired taste. Dieting & health. Oikos has 15 grams of sugar. Alittle sour but creamy. Thinking on blueberries in it. I get used to it. Healthy is a goal.

[@haraldtheyounger5504]

Putting blueberries in yogurt... just a waste of the goodness from the berry, as the polyphenols bind to the calcium and are useless to the body. So, take them separately if you want the benefits.

[@disinformationworld9378]

Zero fat is a huge mistake. K2 is in animal fats and is needed to properly process calcium. 97% are deficient of K2 (an absolutely miraculous vitamin, do your own research). Eating zero fat yogurt is about the dumbest thing you can do. Calcification of your arteries is precisely because you are not properly processing calcium which can only be done with proper K2 levels. High dose K2 literally has been shown to remove arterial plaque, there is no other known process or chemical shown to do this. You can literally reverse heart disease progression with K2 vitamin and almost no one knows this. Avoid zero fat yogurts. This is a modern diet mistake and it’s nonsense. People are not getting proper K2 levels because we need grass fed animals and K2 is a fat vitamin found in fats.

[@disinformationworld9378]

Eating high calcium foods without K2 is a huge mistake. That calcium has to go somewhere and if you don’t get K2 it causes plaque formation in your arteries.

[@CatherineAKennedy]

uh oh - without checking, I purchased Chobani Greek today - over the coconut yoghurt that I will also double check before I buy again... while I raised my child on Jalna, assuming the advertising was ethical...

[@marinemom1250]

I have a question is people with diabetic have nerve pain in feet should take vitamin b1 I heard is best

[@justatitle]

I noticed you don’t respond to messages or like them. Surely you are busy. But in happenstance you read this message, I had a question about taking pre and probiotics and eating yogurt. I subscribe to DrGundry pre and probiotics, should I eat yogurt, can I still eat yogurt?

[@PlainJane1421]

What is A1 cow milk? I make Elruteri yogurt with organic half n half. Is that ok?

[@aribasmajian18]

The redwood hill farm brand is good I've had the plain yogurt and vanilla flavored.

[@TRuth.T]

We make our own A2 milk kefir with raw pastured jersey milk(we buy our raw milk from our Amish neighbors for $ 2.50 a gallon ;)

[@JohnSmith-qz1zp]

I had a consultant recommend Noosa yogurt to me. I'm trying to lose weight and she's telling me about a sugar loaded food. Doesn't adding all that sugar negates any benefit from eating yogurt?

[@recycledpaul9728]

Lava is my favorite. Natural Grocers carried it until the plandemic of 2020. It is no longer available at NG or Whole Foods in the Dallas Fort Worth area. Lava website shows one health food store 32 miles away. Not worth the drive.

[@jeanpaultongeren125]

wht about Kefir

[@marialoredo8206]

Thank you

[@rhondahodgson3294]

What about" Ratio" it has Keto written on it. Is it any good for you?

[@vkm416]

Are there links to the brands he recommends in this video?

[@lenima]

How about SKYR @drgundry? Thaks.

[@robinallen3516]

Nice, I avoid yogurts here in NZ as it is a struggle to find any decent ones, alot use skim milk 😢

[@DashingPartyCrasher]

That's surprising, considering NZ has so many sheep farms, right? Maybe you can find sheep milk yogurt at farmers markets.

[@robinallen3516]

@@DashingPartyCrasher it's all commercial market, sheep are for export not milk

[@zoilamininger2376]

@DrGundry what about almond milk yogurt? Is that an approved one?

[@nominalegg5865]

I'm guessing he wouldn't approve since almonds (with their skins on - most likely what's used in almond milk) contain lectins. If you can find almond milk made with blanched organic almonds, then he might approve.

[@lizabeta9347]

Great! The only thing I noticed is that the good yogurt were plain and was compared with fruit and added sugar ones…

[@jsorensens2]

So if fermentation eats up sugar, is my homemade 19hr rise fermented french bread low in sugar? Please tell me yes. I've stopped making it since I went low carb/keto/intermittent fasting, but I miss it. It is SO delicious. Does anyone know?

[@nancywolf3786]

i believe he mentioned in another video that if you freeze bread, then toast it, the bad carbs are diminished considerably

[@jsorensens2]

@@nancywolf3786 Oh? Thank you!

[@faithsfarmlife1424]

Probably the flour that’s the issue

[@paulawhitehead7321]

Than you,

[@toology55]

William Davis' L. reuteri yogurt

[@rosewood513]

Where I live they o not carry any of your GOOD, yogurt. The way I get my probiotics is from my fermented foods. And my prebiotic foods I grow in my organic garden, Jerusalem artichokes are a good source of prebiotic. I ferment them for winter consumption.

[@sigma_six]

Astro Balkan Style Plain Yogurt is the best! Guess they don't have it in the US... '; (

[@monikatunstall70]

Thank for sharing info but this may mislead to some info here. Sometimes i est greek chobani, plain which contains no sugar and high protein grams. That is a good one, but not for vegan or vegetarian. Is that why? Because they r cow. Please clarify , thanks

[@Nellis202]

What about kefir ? I have a glass of Alexandre A2 kefir every day. Way too expensive. Switched to Life Way A1 and noticed no difference. I don’t think any of them really help.

[@PardieDiem]

Make yer own!

[@AppreciatrLife]

I have been making my own kefir yogurt for over a year now and it’s transformed my gut health. I didn’t know about A2 milk until I saw Gundry talk about it. It’s not available in grocery stores that I’ve been to except in California. The brand was not organic or grass fed. I tried it and saw no difference.

[@sabrinac4092]

Kefir yogurt? Do you mean just regular kefir or are you doing something more to it? I’ve been making kefir and love it. I haven’t tried making yogurt yet simply because I don’t want to “cook” my raw milk to turn it into yogurt. :D

[@AppreciatrLife]

@@sabrinac4092 I am making beautiful, thick yogurt similar to Greek consistency without a yogurt maker. I leave my culture out on the counter longer than usual until it separates completely. I dump it into a strainer over a bowl and pop it in the fridge to drain overnight. Next day, the curds are super dry and I mash them through with a spatula over another dry bowl. It comes out creamy and thick. If I don’t want all thick yogurt, I mash the rest of the dry curds back into the whey that was separated overnight and it makes a thinner pourable kefir. Make sense?

[@sabrinac4092]

@@AppreciatrLife Thank you! Sounds kinda like how I do my kefir.

[@AppreciatrLife]

@@sabrinac4092 YW. I just adore homemade. I’m not supposed to have dairy but I saw a woman on YT who gave homemade kefir to her daughter who had many food sensitivities and it cleared them all up. I decided to try it after being dairy free for years. I noticed an immediate difference in my gut health and it’s helped me tremendously.

[@shirleystein6521]

I've started eating Kefir with the good cultures in it everyday. It's like a drinking yogurt and contains more gut bacteria than yogurt.

[@iara_pimenta]

I am afraid that I won’t find any of these here in Auckland.

[@UnknownUser-sc6jx]

You can make Coconut yoghurt with a can of coconut cream and a probiotic capsules you can buy from the pharmacy

[@kerrytabak7585]

What about Forager Yogurt?

[@dear396]

fix the issue with audio plez

[@littlehummingbird1015]

I guess I will give up my Chobani yogurt now....

[@karunamayiholisticinc]

I have switched to Goat yogurt. I will consume cows milk in India, my mother land from our native cows or if I can keep an A2 cow myself here.