The Multi-Store Model: How We Make Memories

As you read this text, your eyes transmit signals to your working memory, briefly storing each word to ensure you comprehend the sentence without confusion. The reason you understand what you read lies in your long-term memory - or so at least asserts the theory of the Multi-Store Model of Memory. However, since the process is far from being understood, it's likely way more complex than this.
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ORIGINAL TITLE
The Multi-Store Model: How We Make and Keep Memories
THANKS to our patrons
This video was made with the support of our Patrons: Adam Berry, Alex Rodriguez, Andrea Basillio Rava, Angela, ArkiTechy, Artur, azad bel, Badrah, Bernd Gaertner, Cedric.Wang, Christoph Becker, Daniele Diniz, David Markham, Delandric Webb, Digital INnov8ors, Dr. Matthias Müller-Mellin, Duane Bemister, Eva Marie Koblin, Fatenah G Issa, Floris Devreese, Frari63, Gerry Labelle, Harmoniac Design, ICH KANN DEUTSCH UND ES WAR EINFACH!, Izzy, Jannes Kroon, Jeffrey Cassianna, Jim Pilgrim, Joanne Doyle, John Burghardt, Jonathan Schwarz, Jorge Luis Mejia Velazquez, jun omar ebdane, Khadijah Sellers, Leonel, Linda Kinkead, Linus Linderoth, Lucia Simone Winston, Marcel, Marcia Ramos, María, martin, Mathis Nu, Mezes.Macko, Michael Paradis, Mindozone, Natalie O’Brien, Nick Valerio, Nicki, Okan Elibol, Oweeda Newton, Peihui, Peter Bishop, Povilas Ambrasas, Raymond Fujioka, Roel Vermeulen, Scott Gregory, scripz, Sebastian Huaytan Meder, Si, Stefan Gros, Stephen Clark, Stuart Bishop, Takashi HIROSE, Thomas Aschan, Victor Paweletz, Yassine Hamza, Yvonne Clapham and all the others.Thank you! To join them visit www.patreon.com/sprouts
COLLABORATORS
Script: Nitika Arora, Ludo, Jonas Koblin
Artist: Pascal Gaggelli
Voice: Matt Abbott
Coloring: Nalin
Editing: Peera Lertsukittipongsa
Sound Design: Miguel Ojeda
Production: Selina Bador
SOUNDTRACKS
On Eggshells - Richard Canavan
A Toy’s Day Out - Shaun Frearson
DIG DEEPER with these top videos, games and resources:
Read a simple explanation of the multi store model of memory
www.simplypsychology.org/mult...
Read an improvement on the multi store model: Tulving’s model of memory
www.psychologywizard.net/tulv...
Read about another theory on memory: the multi-trace theory and how memory is organized in key areas of the brain
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16011...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Read a study done on the Taxi drivers of London, showing how memory is formed in the brain and a follow up review
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17024...
To dig even deeper, read about the cellular mechanisms behind memory
www.nature.com/articles/natur...
SOURCES
Multi store model - Wikipedia.org
Martinelli, P., Sperduti, M., & Piolino, P. (2013). Neural substrates of the self-memory system: new insights from a meta-analysis. Human brain mapping, 34(7), 1515-1529.
Moscovitch, M., Rosenbaum, R. S., Gilboa, A., Addis, D. R., Westmacott, R., Grady, C., McAndrews, M. P., Levine, B., Black, S., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2005). Functional neuroanatomy of remote episodic, semantic and spatial memory: a unified account based on multiple trace theory. Journal of anatomy, 207(1), 35-66.
Moscovitch, M., Cabeza, R., Winocur, G., & Nadel, L. (2016). Episodic Memory and Beyond: The Hippocampus and Neocortex in Transformation. Annual review of psychology, 67, 105-134.
CLASSROOM ACTIVITY
Visit our website to access suggested class exercise on this topic!
CHAPTERS
00:00 Intro to memory
00:23 How's memory work?
01:23 The multi-store model
01:58 Sensory register
02:43 Short-term memory
03:21 Long-term memory
05:01 Memory often change
05:40 Creating your own memory
05:57 Ending
06:30 Patrons credits
#sproutsschools #neuroscience #memory #brain #learning #teaching #memory #research #science #psychology

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[@sprouts]

That's so sweet of you :)

[@memesoo.kang_]

I feel the same. But "founding" and "finding" are two different actions.

[@n.yoshua]

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[@memesoo.kang_]

👍

[@user-qh6rz1io7r]

I used to hate studying and I could not rememmber what I learned, however at my 18 birthday I started to have more appriciationto knowledge' and associate it with a great power. and now my memory is 70 percent better. It's crazy I didn't learn new techniques or something like that... Nice to know that there are so many ways to improve our memory

[@GENGamerZ00]

This is my most favorite video because I create projects by using the date when the project is made, and my storyline writes instructions and education to put in memory.

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@Sprouts pin this comment

[@nicholaschan4257]

@@sagarsethiya3532 thanks

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May Allah/God bless you and your children and give all of you wonderful lives❤so smart of you

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That's the best compliment ever!! We feel a sense of responsibility even more. :)

[@Gautamzing]

How do you create this animations? And what is this style of art/animation called? (Please anyone)

[@psychnurse2350]

You should def have a Twitter account and share your videos there as well

[@sprouts]

We are working on it ;)

[@richardlynch5632]

👍

[@pyeitme508]

Yep useful

[@ollllj]

and proven false decades ago with actual FMRI scans (at higher energies, not allowed in hospitals, only for science, for higher resolutions). the "short term memory" is a myth, easily disproven by science.

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MAKE A VIDEO ABOUT:::MASS FORMATION....it will go mega viral...just a suggestion

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I know one thing.I am definitely going to remember this youtube channel

[@sprouts]

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[@stephenthompson3309]

Brains invented the categories of their own functions. 😂 Picturing them as files and storage as a file cabinet helps to distill or familiarize those concepts, but the reality is that it's all electrons zipping up and down pathways, making certain paths stronger and neglecting others. Computers operate in a similar way, using electricity to quickly trade input and output, but they are far simpler. On computers, we can draw a clear line between stored memory and processors. We have very clear measurements of their limits and operations. The brain is wildly complex and we still know very little about how it works aside from what connections we can observe between inputs and outputs. As far as I know, we still don't have technology to capture and display dreams coherently. If we think of the brain as a meat computer, we haven't even figured out how to hook up a monitor to it yet!

[@braincuriosities]

it's that and then you add to this the gene regulations, the neurotransmitters, the mutations, the protein reactions, and the interactions with glia. It's like several computers with differnt systems blended together, a beautiful mess xD

[@AnaLopez-zl3sx]

Just in case you missed it, Sprouts specializes in simplifying complex ideas through straightforward videos. As a professional in the field, I find this tool immensely helpful for explaining, demonstrating, and empowering individuals to understand the intricacies of the brain and its functions.

[@pranjalm1238]

Can you make a video on dunbars numbers

[@GalGreen]

Nice video, but your example for something that you can try and fail at is mountain climbing? Really? Falling off a mountain is a good learning experience? I feel like you could've found a less fatal error...

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🦍

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Am I alone started thinking about hominids, because of gorilla?

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Consciously-know nothing #BlankSlate #StevenPinker ;)

[@ronaldwhite6476]

Well that wasn’t helpful I got nothing out of it and now I’ve forgotten all of it.

[@ollllj]

This is of course all nonsense, as FMRI show for a decade: A "short term memory" simply does not exist in an organic mind.

[@braincuriosities]

There is actually plenty of evidente that it does. First of all the Multi-trace model by Moscovitch et al. 2005, then the study by Texeira et al. 2006 that showed that there is a transfer of memory from hippocampal subfields to neocortical areas in a period of 3 months. Then the optogenetics studies of Kitamura et al. 2017 and Tonegawa et al. 2018 and Josselyn et al. 2020 show that there is something that can be associated to short term memory either in terms of functionality - short term memory records information that is then forgotten, or in terms of localization - short term memory is defined as such until it is in certain hippocampal subfields and is in non-consolidated (Genzel et al. 2014) or consolidated form (Saint Amour di Chanaz et al. 2023). I'm happy to share more resources if need be.

[@braincuriosities]

Then it depends on the typo of memory, if we are talking about fear conditioning in mice (josselyn et al. 2020) or spatial memory (Burgess et al. 2012) or word pairs (Staresina et al. 2016) or autobiographical memories. Then there is the question of semantic to episodic units (Martinelli et al 2012) that shows that memory traces in functional activity vary a lot in function of how and when they were encoded, and the concept of short term memory is still existing in scientific litterature although less prevalent than when the multi store model was created

[@braincuriosities]

There are also lesion studies by Milner and Klein that show that bilateral hippocampal lesions specifically suppress recent memory traces but not remote ones

[@braincuriosities]

Or the optogenetics studies of Madronal et al. 2016 showing that specific suppression of hippocampal pathways leads to the suppression of recent memories only, therefore there's plenty of evidence that we have a short-term memory storage, although mechanisms are still not well understood, but I guarantee we're doing the best we can in research to find more about that! :P