The Surprising Way Body Size Relates to Lifespan

The Surprising Way Body Size Relates to Lifespan | 35 - Longevity Science #7

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The Optispan Podcast with Matt Kaeberlein

Күн бұрын

Пікірлер: 80

@KasKade7 3 ай бұрын

This makes the outlier, the Naked Mole-Rat even more interesting. It's little body is stuffed full of hyaluronic acid. Which seems to be one of the main reasons why this little mammal can reach 40 years of age. Ofcourse, they're almost immune to cancer too. Now we see hyaluronic acid used as a topical and oral supplement in humans more and more on the market too. Maybe a future interesting compound to talk about longevity wise.

@y.g.1313 3 ай бұрын

Naked mole rat, exactly! living almost 10x compared to other rodents, very similar size. If the whole episode would have been dedicated just to that one particular question in depth, would be much more valuable.

@aryangod2003 3 ай бұрын

That makes humans somewhat of an outlier although not as much as a naked mole rat. We we are above that log log plot tending to live longer lives than our body size would seem to suggest as his species

@stronggrom68 3 ай бұрын

@aryangod2003 we been actively trying to expand health and lifespan for a while now , dental ,diet and sanitation just for starters .

@rudolphodegraaf6437 3 ай бұрын

Greenland shark: 272+ years old. Tubeworm: 300+ years old. Ocean quahog clam: 500+ years old. Black coral: 4,000+ years old. Glass sponge: 10,000+ years old. Turritopsis dohrnii: potentially immortal. Hydra: potentially immortal.

@billbertagnoli4226 3 ай бұрын

My. Sister in law had a long career in geratric care. Once During a discussion of the difficulty In physically caring for large Bodied seniors she commented. " There are no large old people,". Not very scientific but very Observable in the populations In assisted and care facilities.

@goggio31 3 ай бұрын

I'm one of those very tall people, 6'8'', and I also would like to know what might be the average life expectancy of people who are as tall as me. I hope it's beyond 70!

@byamboy 2 ай бұрын

@@goggio31 well large and tall mean different things, although they are certainly related. I think of large as big in all directions. Tall is obviously just height. So, you gotta be a thin one to up your chances.

@fs1512 2 ай бұрын

With medical intervention people are living longer. Many large and extra large geriatric people now.

@zack_120 2 ай бұрын

Thank you for pooling together the large amount of data to make this interesting video.

@abrahamnorthhampton3327 3 ай бұрын

Matt, this is a terrific discussion. You have such a gift for making complex topics understandable for us laymen. The dog discussion reminds me to ask if you would do an episode focused on the dog aging project (because I like dogs and longevity 😊)

@optispan 3 ай бұрын

Stay tuned-we have one coming. - Tara

@goggio31 3 ай бұрын

Does it make a difference in terms of longevity and health how fast you grow if you are very tall? I am 6'8'' and I grew very early surpassing 6'3'' at the age of 13 years - and later I started getting degenerative diseases around my mid 30s. So I am afraid that fast growth has a negative long term effect on my future health and longevity.

@smedleyjefferson1450 2 ай бұрын

It makes you wonder

@rapamune 3 ай бұрын

Cheers. Covering all the relevant topics!

@kamanashisroy 3 ай бұрын

Looking at Glycine,Taurine and Astaxanthin research, , probably there is a role of anti-oxident in ageing. Slow agers are probably spending more energy on quelling ROS than growth. Probably decreasing methionine and increasing GSH at the same time.

@SorbusAucubaria 2 ай бұрын

its weird that within speacies bigger means quick aging but with cross speacies big animals means generally lonfer lifespan.

@robertpowser5624 3 ай бұрын

Chuck Norris, fit and under six foot 300 years old!

@l.rongardner2150 2 ай бұрын

I think you've got him confused with Keith Richards.

@robertpowser5624 2 ай бұрын

@@l.rongardner2150 there is a difference though, Norris will eventually kick the bucket but Richards.... Immortal!

@taltabot 3 ай бұрын

Q: Can the difference in life expectancy between men and women be explained by differences in body size?

@dawnelder9046 3 ай бұрын

Too many confounding factors. More males are born than female. Yet by age 18 girls outnumber boys. The worst thing a girl is likely going to do in her teens is get pregnant. Which does have a higher risk of death, but not as high in modern times. Teen boys seem to have an unlimited imagination in figuring out ways to die. Not that it is their intention. But the stories I have heard from parents of teen boys are terrifying. So right there you have brought the average age of death for men down. Nothing to do with size. Men are also more likely to murder each other, also bring down the age. And men are also more likely to go into jobs where they have higher risk of dying. I would not be surprised if you removed all murder, accident victims and death from childbirth from both men and women, if the average age of death would be simular.

@marktapley7571 3 ай бұрын

@@dawnelder9046 Average female in U.S. is 5’2"at 170 lb. Way too big but avg. male is 5’7” at 200. Also men tend to put on more of visceral fat around the organs more than women. I read that the two XX chromosomes in the female as opposed to the XY in males is also a genetic advantage. Would be good to get Matt’s view on this.

@SorbusAucubaria 2 ай бұрын

@@dawnelder9046 I think statistically the men who survive old age tend to live long and healthy and past the age of hundred years the amount of men surviving starts increasing compared to women.

@robertdaymouse3784 3 ай бұрын

Within gender, I estimate a 1 year per 1" of height lifespan difference. The longevity of Okinawans is a lot less impressive if your realize the average height of their centenarians is about 4''8". I would argue that height/size is the main reason women live longer than men,. Maybe it is selection bias, but it seems almost every time I come across some super fit 60+ year old guy on instagram or YT he turns out to be about 5'4",

@KasKade7 3 ай бұрын

We all tend to shrink as we get older. Especially, after age 80. That's also one of the reasons you don't find tall centenarians.

@laulaja-7186 3 ай бұрын

Okinawans also tend to have minimal dietary Bovine Growth Hormone, and relatively low chemical pollution in their environment, and low incidence of sedentary lifestyle, no?

@pedro.almeida Ай бұрын

@@laulaja-7186yes but also dozens of other dietary, genetic and environmental differences, even when compared with other blue zones. Im not saying you’re wrong, but we can’t simply pick and choose.

@workingTchr 2 ай бұрын

I have to thank this show and Matt for speaking about the pertinence of doing a vitamin blood test. I never have, I'm getting up in years, and it seemed prudent since I was getting the basic metabolic and lipid panel at my local LabCorp on Demand. Good thing I did as I found out my Vitamin D was as 13.0, clearly in the deficient range. So I've started a 50,000IU/week regime that I'll follow for 3 months and then get retested. I've probably had this for at least several years. Now I need to find a (good) doctor.

@diamond_s 3 ай бұрын

The exceptions to rate of living were explained by the membrane pacemaker theory. Membrane damage generates exponentially more toxic autocatalytic reactive molecules. The longer lived an organism is the more resistant the membranes are to oxidation, they have better peroxidation index.

@petercyr3508 3 ай бұрын

I am male 67YO 5'4" 135 lbs. Future looks good. Fat insulin resistant people will have both a shorter lifespan and healthspan.

@paulcallicoat7597 2 ай бұрын

If you eat only fatty beef and have a some butter and eggs and bacon you will live a lot longer than a lot of carb and sugar consumers. I am 73 and a few inches taller than you but weigh 133#s. I was 40#s heavier 2 years ago and then went back to a mostly beef diet. I was close to diabetes and had high blood pressure. My heart beat was irregular and about 10 beats per minute faster than now. With only needing to eat like a caveman I am saving a considerable amount of money as well. I no longer have to use deodorant or toothpaste or sun blockers as I never get sunburn as well.

@JohnnyMagorish 3 ай бұрын

Would love to hear your take on Greg Fahy’s TRIIM-X trials to re-grow the thymus in middle-aged and older adults using a cocktail of drugs that includes growth hormone

@HvdHaghen 3 ай бұрын

More body mass means more cell divisions, and every cell division increases the chance of mutations and cancer.

@SorbusAucubaria 2 ай бұрын

My theory is that perhaps each speacies have specific instructions in their genes that tells how to build a cat, dog or an elephant and when each individual have reached the end of their instructions manual the body just wont stop building and instead adds cells to the body and those cells are more likely something that affects negatively to the function of the body but also can be just harmless cells that increases bodymass. The more bodymass an individual has, the less there are harmless places for the new cells.

@Sousaquasesosia 3 ай бұрын

great episode.

@michael-qp9xd 3 ай бұрын

Hi Matt - think lots of blood data for HGH and IGF1 in many age groups up above 100 yrs. Any conclusions from this for benefits of reduced levels? Not ideal with this as hundreds of other factors come into play so difficult isolate just for HGH and IGF1. But still any data for indication?

@rachelkraut46 3 ай бұрын

What about the idea that lifespan is related to total number of heartbeats over the lifetime of the animal...I heard this idea from Geoffrey West of the Santa Fe institute (not an aging scientist, but an aging theoretical physicist 😊), and never heard about it again.

@-astrangerontheinternet6687 3 ай бұрын

Its still the idea. Lower resting rates indicate a fitter person. I’m glad you pointed it out, because resting heart rate is such an easy and important measurement of fitness. Those who have rhr above 80, which is still considered within healthy range, are much more likely to die soon than those with a lower resting heart rate. Dr chip Lavie has videos on KZbin presenting research on this topic. He also proposes reducing the range of current guidelines that a healthy resting heart rate is 60-100 beats per minutes.

@smedleyjefferson1450 2 ай бұрын

excellent observation about the size paradox; it also occurred to me this could also account for the difference in longevity between human males and females as females are smaller on average than males.

@amazingmikemed 3 ай бұрын

Another outlier is the Galapagos tortoises can live up to 177 years.

@gdok6088 3 ай бұрын

Thanks for another very informative Optispan podcast with excellent, clear explanations and professional delivery. It's great to have access to this top quality scientific data interpreted by a true scientist without adding the 'fluff' and hype that some similar podcasters fall into. Your top notch work is much appreciated Matt.

@optispan 3 ай бұрын

Thank you so much! - Tara

@johnduffin9425 2 ай бұрын

hickok45 is almost 7 foot tall and is 75 years old. he can shoot the eye out of a rat at 300 yards,...freehanded. dude is a American legend.

@Pepeekeo808 3 ай бұрын

Wilt Chamberlain: Extraordinary physical specimen, dead at 63.

@robertdaymouse3784 3 ай бұрын

I get your point and I agree with it. It is interesting to note though that his main rival, Bill Russell, lived to 88, that would be like a normal sized person living to 100. It is a weird feeling when I see some one that looks to be over the age of 70 that is over 6'3"

@azadehkhajeheian9430 3 ай бұрын

Love your podcasts❤ I have a question I’m a0 years old woman. I have recently in past couple of years started to do some exercises with dumbbells and walk 45 mins everyday. I usually eat beaten 11am and 8 pm. Hours much protein should I take daily 🙏🏻

@gonzalodelamaza760 2 ай бұрын

Thank you for such an insightful video. I however, find myself a bit worried about the use of growth hormone from a young age until the age of 15 I was malnourished due to some dumb decisions I was put on growth hormone from 15 to 19 years of age to have a chance to reach my potential I caught it short however because of my worries exactly about this. I did four years in total. I guess my worries are do you think I messed up my longevity for the rest of my life?

@gonzalodelamaza760 2 ай бұрын

This is a problem that has kept me worried for sometime now it would mean so much for you to answer given the doctors don’t understand no worries or simply don’t know about them. Thank you 😊

@naturalforlife6741 3 ай бұрын

Well the life span of an Asian elephant is around 48 years. An African elephant is 60 to 70 years. There are some turtles that will live over 100 years. Horses life span is 25 to 30 years and humans are lot smaller the horses. I'm sure there are a lot of large species that don't live longer then smaller species. I don't know if I buy the whole larger species live longer then small species for starters.

@jamesgilmore8192 3 ай бұрын

Echoing some other comments, a episode on what we know about the naked mole rat would be interesting.

@mdavid1955 3 ай бұрын

Wouldn't it have to come down to genetic/epigenetic programing?..possibly in many different mechanism??

@mitchellgould2053 3 ай бұрын

This was great, I love your podcast and this was a particularly interesting topic for me. A couple thoughts, Greg Fahey used a small dose of HGH- along with metformin and DHEA- in his TRIIM trail, as I’m sure you’re aware. He’s also continuing that in the TRIIM-X trial and IIRC he said something recently about possibly not using growth hormone in the future though I don’t know what his replacement is. What’s interesting about that is the TRIIM trial participants showed a reduction in epigenetic age. Which I agree is not a perfect corollary of biological aging but the data is interesting. Particularly in light of Ryan Smith’s statements that GHRPs tend to show an increase in the Dunedin pace clock which is the current standard for measuring the pace of aging. Which again I realize these clocks are not necessarily as robust as many people push them to be, but at the very least the bookmakers they measure probably have some general value. If you ever have them as guests IGF-1 signaling would be an interesting topic to broach with either of them.

@y.g.1313 3 ай бұрын

Epigenetic clocks? I think P.Attia called them trash politely, lol. I happen to agree. They're nothing, but some variation of semi-random useless noise, processed through the lens of very expensive testing.

@mitchellgould2053 3 ай бұрын

@@y.g.1313 well in the case of Fehey’s work they were an afterthought. The primary outcome was aimed at thymic regeneration, which there seemed to be strong evidence for based on scans. Secondarily there were changes to a fair number of age relaying biomarkers and the clocks were more of a novel afterthought. If I remember correctly. And like I said above, I’m not sold on the clocks, but they do have some fairly strong correlations with- at the very least- healthspan. So while I don’t think there is strong enough evidence that reversing methylation patterns in biological clocks is the same as reversing age, it does seem pretty consistent that increasing health, even through tried and true methods like diet and exercise, shows up in the methylation patterns of biological clocks. So I wouldn’t be dismissive if they showed a pattern that was consistent with other more well established biomarkers, especially in large sample sizes.

@y.g.1313 3 ай бұрын

@@mitchellgould2053 you see, there is simple way to measure health span: strength, speed and mental tests. no need to go into methylation patterns., those are just the shades of real Function, which is the king. Methylation is the shadow., a fake and fancy way to take advantage of your infatuation with anything genetic. Hence, mainstream science is blind and stupid.

@hoffmancapote 3 ай бұрын

It could be that humans are not such outliers, because it may be on account of our sophisticated brain size and the benefits of having a large brain. Could be our dogs ( not really a good example) if they had a much larger brain and very developed paws to handle things as well as walk may live a lot long than they do. Then of course they would have a different relationship with humans.

@user-md9yv7jx2c 3 ай бұрын

Honey bee workers live around a magnitude longer in winter than they do in summer due to their ectotherm physiology.

@fs1512 2 ай бұрын

Animal experiments. Professor in college told me about those. He said "People, with some exceptions, are not rats" 😂

@anned6913 2 ай бұрын

IF big dogs have to put a lot more energy into becoming adult size in the same time span as small dogs, maybe that will affect their longevity ?

@Len1977gt 3 ай бұрын

I don't know Matt, all my relatives passed away fairly young in their 70s and early 80s, and they all ate the typical meat heavy and dairy heavy high protein diet.

@brianvesta 3 ай бұрын

70s is the average.... Most governments don't want the general population living pass 70...

@kimcosmos 3 ай бұрын

Birds are the exception across species

@welanduzfullo8496 3 ай бұрын

32:44 gh and igf1 are not anabolic to muscle during adulthood and is really only anabolic to muscle in-utero and early childhood.

@gene4094 3 ай бұрын

In humans, the longevity relationship in aging has a significant influence on wealth of individuals. This is reflected in the foods, housing and a plethora of other mechanisms. The Psychological greed of the justification has a profound relationship through political influence.

@pubwvj 2 ай бұрын

Your dog analogy needs work. I have lived and worked with wolves for over 30 years. They are roughly the same size as humans but they live much shorter lives at 11 to 17 years.

@pubwvj 2 ай бұрын

Another interesting thing about wolves, whales and humans is all of them use the grandmother effect and all of them strongly pass culture and generational learning down.

@pubwvj 2 ай бұрын

On the weight vs lifespan the wolves I worked with ran from 40 to 81 kg and about 12 or 13 years average lifespan ignoring accidental deaths. None were obese. One got to 17 years - mid-sized male. Sex did not make an lifespan difference. Males were 55 to 81 kg, females 40 to 65 kg.

@user-oi2rd8yl2u 2 ай бұрын

The Little People in Ecuador with modern lifestile have (or had due to genocide) their counterpart in the Nature bound pygmees of the tropical forest in Congo. Any studies?

@amazingmikemed 3 ай бұрын

I like the way you had to make clear that dogs are different species than human, as if we where unsure. No wait, maybe you where saying for the vegans?

@barba9791 3 ай бұрын

CFF?

@aussie405 3 ай бұрын

There are some obvious species that don't fit the size thing...turtles/tortoises and also a number of parrots. Pink and grey galahs can live over 50 years.