How Does Modern Electronic Fuel Injection Work? Part 1 : The Basics

[@JosephPetrus-z3c]

Please do not stop offering these educational classes. In today’s society, we lack of having the understanding on how things work in the engine and its effects. As the saying goes. Knowledge is power. May God bless you AMED and continue educating us to strengthen our abilities to move forward in learning within the automotive technology.

[@joshogrady9846]

I work at Toyota as a service advisor. I am very appreciative of this channel and the information you give to help me learn about Toyotas.

[@Rick-co4hm]

Hello, I have been a technician for more than 40 years. I come from the days of carburetors. You have explained everything very well how it works. Let's get started and learn how these new systems work, thank you

[@daveb495]

This is BY FAR the BEST explanation I've ever heard for seeing the fuel/air delivery as a system. I cannot wait for part 2. Thank you, sir.

[@jerryq1000]

You have the gift of making the intricate and complicated seem simple. GREAT teacher.

[@bme7491]

I was raised during the era of Rochester 2 barrel, Holley 3 and 4 barrel carbs. Always fun to clean, tweak or refurbish them. I later had a '74 Porsche 914 with Bosch fuel injection. I drove it cross country in the summer and had 5 or 6 unscheduled stops through California, Arizona and New Mexico due to vapor lock. I eventually replaced it with Weber carbs and it ran great after that. That particular year fuel injection had lots of problems. Looking forward to Part Deux.

[@KLSYFY]

I went to trade school years ago to become an automotive service technician (mechanic), and although the technology has changed a lot, I picked out some terminology that was familiar and the basic idea remains the same. Good job on the refresher course Ahmed!

[@joelh3030]

You are making me the best mechanic I can be and im doing alot in the industry because of people like you. Thank you so much, I aspire to be like you and open up a shop because of the quality of standards you set through my adulthood. Cant wait for part 2! Im listening!

[@KendrasEdge757]

Man I remember when all the manufacturers were SO proud of electronic fuel injection that most all of them had a huge ‘EFI’ decal on both doors, the rear, and sometimes on the hood lol was such a great evolution in vehicles. No more rebuilding carbs, replacing jets and floats etc etc and no more pulling out a choke before you start the car. Especially in cold environments in winter, good luck lol and then have to warm the car up in the driveway while you scrape the ice and snow off the windshields. Good times good times lol appreciate ya brother! Great content as always! Soli Deo Gloria~

[@Dinolobe376]

Same thing when ABS came out 😂

[@KendrasEdge757]

@@Dinolobe376 yes!! 😂

[@nickstanovic]

I do Cyber Security and IT for a living. I've also built multiple computers. I know barely anything about cars. I think it would be cool to learn how to be a mechanic. I have shaky hands and not the best coordination though. With computers, if you mess up assembling something, it could cost $250 at most but with cars it could cost $10k+. If you mess up a computer, you can set it aside and work on it when you have the time and money to fix it; if you mess up a car, you ruin your daily transportation. Even with something simple like changing my own oil, if I mess up with the drain plug thing, I could accidentally strip something by tightening too much or maybe it could be too loose and fall out. Some people think people who know computers are really smart but I think the smartest people are mechanics who understand how $10k+ machines work and how to fix them without breaking stuff

[@jimbo5728]

The accelerator pump is primarily for enrichment when you suddenly open the throttle. Without an accelerator pump, you'd get a lean mixture and a bog or abrupt loss of power, just when you wanted to accelerate.

[@genet6255]

AMD, I changed my own spark plugs and cleaned that air intake sensor. My 189,000 mile 2016 Mazda 6 manual-350 mile all highway trip one way @ 65mph- it jumped up to 39MPG! On the return drive, I averaged 71-72mph and I still achieved 36MPG! Found easy instructions from youtubers. Before I did the work myself, the Mazda was averaging 32MPG on long highway drives and 29MPG for mostly city. Immediately did the same thing with my 2019 Honda Hybrid. Noticed the average mixed mileage was now 53mpg, whereas before it was 47mpg. The sparks plugs for the Honda was $78 for a set of four. The dealer would have charged me $75 apiece. The Mazda's plugs were only about $48 for four.

[@singular9]

Another note, the MAF sensor measures the temperature delta between the wires, so when it is cold outside, or hot, that slight variation in temperature is easily calculated by the ECU.

[@sudiptakiran]

Enjoy every moment of your videos!! It's educational for other car nuts like us!!

[@SupraSav]

Glad to see you are diving into topics like these!

[@Informed104]

Very enjoyable video! Well explained. One little piece of history regarding fuel injection that wasn't quite explained: the Germans in 1939, equipped their BF-109E fighter with a Daimler motor that used fuel injection. Many car engine "break-through" performance systems were first pioneered and employed in the aviation industry decades before being used in the auto industry.

[@fmashockie]

@8:15 Always impressed with your electronics knowledge AMD. What is likely happening is back on the ECU, you have a transistor for each injector. With the emitter of the transistor tied to ground and the collector tied to the ground wire of the injector. When the ECU wants one of those injectors to open (spray fuel), a current is applied to the base of that transistor which turns it on, thus completing the circuit allowing 12V to be applied to the coil of the injector solenoid.

[@mikechiodetti4482]

Once again you took the complex (Engineering way of looking at things) and made simple to understand for everyone. We thought carburetors were great, but when multiport fuel injection came along, finally all cylinders were getting a more equal amount of the air/fuel mixture. Thank you for this video.

[@donquixote3384]

I truly appreciate the continuous effort you put into creating those captivating series. Your hard work and dedication do not go unnoticed, and I just want to say thank you-you're truly remarkable!

[@robertcochran7103]

Thank you for posting this excellent video. I am old enough that I remember carburetors and the names 'Holley', 'Bosch' and 'Bing'. I am speaking as a consumer. It is very interesting to learn how fuel injection works. Thanks again for providing this tutorial. I feel like I can understand better what the car dealer's service people mean when they talk about 'mass airflow sensors' and such.

[@davidsawyer7880]

Thank you. Seldom if ever do I watch a presentation to the very end. Yours, however. I always watch to the very end. My the Lord bless you and keep you as well.

[@joeotto775]

Another fantastic video from one of the greatest. He's so easy to understand. Let's all be thankful AMD spends the time to help educate people. He would be a great instructor in any automotive course however this platform gets it out there to so many more people. For that I thank you. Keep it up AMD and TCCN team!

[@paulmullen8228]

Always interesting topics, i grew up with Carburetors in all my dad's cars and my 1st car . I remember adjusting the air fuel ratio by adjusting the air and fuel screws. My sister had an old VW rabbit that had mechanical Bosch fuel injection worked well and was reliable.

[@williejansevanrensburg1219]

All the way form South Africa! Thank you for your dedication, experience and quality videos!! May God bless you and your loved ones every day until He returns.

[@RS-vd6cs]

As always AMD, your presentation skills are flawless. When you decide to “scale down “ from running your shop, your teaching skills will be incredibly valuable. God’s blessings on you, your family and your business. Stay safe 🙏❤️👍

[@turtur735]

I'm listening learning 😊 but before I watched part 2, I'm refreshing with part 1 again 🙏 Thank you TCCN.

[@WarriorsPhoto]

I love these kinds of videos. Learning about the history of tech is always fun. I loved the simplicity of these engine systems. I realized they monitor my engine thru out its duty cycles. But I didn't know what the numbers meant until now. Thank you for sharing. 🎉🎉🎉

[@Xenon_XE777]

I would love to see a video on the engines that have both direct and port injection, like the 2GR-FKS in the ES 350, getting into the details of how the computer decides which injection type to use at what time, and when the engine is most likely to be using one type of injection over the other

[@_olamilekan]

God bless all Engineers out there for putting such a complicated stuff to run perfectly ❤️❤️❤️❤️🙏

[@alannguyen5050]

Your educational videos are incredible. Cars have cone such a long way from carboraters and we are all the better for it.

[@detailerslife8127]

Probably the most interesting (yet simple) Cars, Engines I’ve owned was the 2010 Mazda RX8. These Rotary Engines are a prime example of if you maintain it and drive it correctly (city driving is really bad for them) they will last.

[@user-uq7io2os3r]

I'm coming from early 80' manual, mechanical injection system school but after 50' carburettor injection and found that easy to understand on how injection system works👍Many thx for that knowledge lesson 👍

[@dtna]

I met Stuart Hilborn, one of the first men to put fuel injection on a race car shortly before he passed away. He was also one of the dry lakes hot rodders before WWII.

[@capnpugwash5403]

55 or so years ago I was taught the piston goes down on it's induction stroke, and then the atmosphere PUSHES the air in. As nature abhors a vacuum. Just being picky I have worked on 4 cylinder cars that had 4 individual carbs. Great fun to balance. While I had an air flow meter I tended to use a length of 3/4 diameter pipe. None the less, I do enjoy your explanations.

[@s.j.5850]

Put your finger over the spark plug hole (with the spark plug removed) & your will feel the vacuum. It's the other half of the equation. Theoretically is the air being drawn by the vacuum or pushed in by atmospheric pressure or a combination of both? Either way it works.

[@drivebywire9962]

The accelerator pump in a carburetor was not only to help it start, more importantly it made the mixture richer momentarily when you pressed the accelerator to take up the lag that occurs in the venturi process.

[@David86-l6u]

The good old rubber that turned to leather plungers ! Always a problem with a simple fix.

[@c.a.r.s.carsandrelevantspecs]

Fantastic video! This is the best explanation of the details of fuel injection -- with the why and how behind it -- that I have ever heard! Keep up the good work! I'm looking forward to Part 2!

[@kootnygreen]

Great education right here folks. Well spoken in layman's terms. I started driving in the 80s, mostly cars from the 60s and 70s of many makes. They were so much easier to fix back then that nearly anyone could diy repairs, so long as you understood the simple concept. Air, fuel, spark. Air and fuel were controlled by the carb. Spark controlled by distributor and coil. This was so simple our fathers taught us and it was a high school subject. 3 or 4 kids would bring an old car to school and spend the next 3 months fixing it. I find it unfortunate how modern engines are so complicated we need a technician to fix it. Old school we could listen to it, feel it, smell it. This is replaced with sensors and a computer and an idiot check engine light. Now go see the technician or get your own expensive code reader or scanner to tell you the problem, just to find a failed sensor. But the failed sensor is causing chaos in efficiency and will kill an engine.

[@cyrusdubash3097]

You're a great teacher, AMD!

[@AlejandroGonzalez-iy3gn]

I’m watching this video while I’m taking notes. Very informative video as always. Love the channel.

[@richarddobreny6664]

My ‘83 Trans Am had a four barrel carb. Yes you did do one, maybe two pumps but it fired up the engine instantly. Fuel economy was good and drivability was decent. I think that fuel injection was really for pollution control objectives and increased hp output. My car got 30 mpg and now 40 years later, I’m still getting 30 mpg on my newer fuel injected vehicles.

[@memo313media]

Free exceptional lecture ❤🎉 cant wait for part 2 The Lord bless & keep you

[@ahmedahaleem7518]

Not alot at all . Warming greetings from Egypt 🇪🇬 Waiting part 2

[@ivanivanov1519]

I am learning modern injection systems in the last few months and this was the video from AMD I was waiting for! I am starting to watch with pleasure.

[@Rieneger]

This is one of those topics that I have always wondered about but never found a good video for. Such a simple question but helps so much when answered thoroughly

[@rightlanehog3151]

AMD, I remember the panic that swept the world in the 80s when fuel injection began its widespread replacement of carburetors. All these years later, it appears we survived.😉 Of course, there are still some people who object to the fact our personal transportation is no longer powered by oats. 🐴

[@_pramodchauhan]

To those....who wanna run on oats....they can....make Synth diesel out of methane sourced from oats biomass

[@brianklamer3328]

I never knew the air/fuel ratio was controlled by how long the injector was held open. Thanks for the educational video.

[@M-Dash]

Carburators are not that archaic (as a tech), it's a simple and relatively effective system. It was environmental regulations, and cost of oil, and aerospace needs (high altitude and acrobatic flight, plus space travel), that drove much of the advancements in fuel injection tech (which is a great idea). That said, like many techs, fuel injection was in use in aerospace since 1916, and eventually trickled down to other uses, such as in automotive! 😁 By the by, many of the GA planes I still fly today are carbureted. 😉 This is an Excellent explanation in laymen terms! A fantastic job! Thanks for creating this educational material!👏

[@bennyang8049]

@AMD, i learned alot from your diagnostic videos. I always had the cheap obd2 scan tool. I didn’t know how to interpret between the short term fuel trims and long term fuel trims. I love it when you teach us how to think for ourselves in certain situations and problems rather than believing hear-says. Please continue these type of video.

[@ahmadghosheh3104]

This is absolutely wonderful Ahmed. Keep it coming ❤

[@tarzansingh8436]

I was already at around 90% with part 1. Now I am impatiently waiting for part 2. Thank you

[@johncampbell1453]

Awesome! Please continue this type of content!

[@michaelgarza5948]

Just fabulous for us motor heads that keep learning with this gentlemen.

[@Mahtabeldin]

We need more people like you in this world.

[@electroncraz91]

forgot to mention how the injection pressure is regulated, basically to prevent the fuel pump from locking up and burning up, a pressure relief valve is on the fuel rail, and will "dump" the fuel when the pressure builds up and sends it back to the tank. Say the engine is just idling at a stop, most likely the fuel is just circulating from tank, to engine, back to tank. This also helps purge air out of the fuel system as well!

[@chuck34609]

You make it so easy to understand! THANK YOU! Outstanding Job! Very Educational! Now I understand how this works and the difference between them. Loved it!! MORE MORE MORE!

[@jaapboode2719]

An excellent and sympathetic plea for the electric drive.

[@raycollington4310]

I like to learn it laugh from KZbin. This subject is fascinating and so educational AMD. Can’t wait for part 2. Thank you all at TCCN Studios.

[@vasik363]

English is not my native language. This explanation is excellent, it is clear even without needing to see any visualisation. One interesting question, if computer cannot control the amount of air, and there is a best amount of gasoline (to keep ratio) then how can we accelerate? Increase gasoline amount? But ratio will not be optimal

[@ODCyr70]

Very well explained and absolutely clear. Thanks so much for sharing this automotive topic. It gave me a fantastic knowledge of how things work and you explained it well! I give 2 👍👍!

[@rogerpullin8997]

Great video, can anyone elaborate on the carburetor mechanical pump that only works when car is off, I thought he was referring to an accelerator pump. Most of my automotive experience was during carburetor days and I do not recall what he is referring to. I thought you pumped gas to set auto choke. I do hope AMD continues this format, he did one on electrical troubleshooting but as well as I remember never followed up on it, it was a very good video too so if you have not seen it I recommend you look for it and watch it

[@bluesteel48]

Excellent presentation.

[@peterkwok9608]

Thank you AMD for breaking down the basic of muti port fuel injection 😎😎👍👍

[@andremikhailobierezrfccwms6724]

Thank you AMD! These are my favorite type of episodes

[@marcprobin1659]

Well done on the explanation ADM! Very intriguing! Can't wait for part 2!

[@erlynlopez9731]

Car Care Nut, keep up the good work on sharing knowledge. I enjoyed everything that you shared. God Bless you and Family.

[@robertr4715]

You are a wonderful teacher!

[@robincurwood]

I'm sorry to have to correct you. In the UK you never needed to pump the throttle for a cold start. On Weber or SU carburettors you pulled out the choke knob and turned the key. If you had an automatic choke you just turn the key. At 70 years off age i can still remember it like it was yesterday. There was a small pump on the side of Weber carburettors that was solely there to increase power as you pushed down on the throttle slowly and smoothly. All the above is provided the engine was well maintained and serviced. Checking the points angle and gap etc.

[@jparker1823]

I was wondering why AMD skipped mentioning manual chokes. I think the last car that had them here in the US was the 1985 Mazda RX-7 with the 12A engine. The 13B version had the fancy EFI.

[@robincurwood]

Give me a carburettor any day. You never got sludge build up on the valves. Plus I could do most repairs on the side of the road and be on my way in 5 minutes if needed. Granted the only tool you need now is a mobile phone and hours of patience. To wait for the break down truck to arrive. And if you are on the interstate/motorway (UK) a good coat to keep you dry (while you wait) the other side of the barrier!

[@Blackntanxguy]

I love watching your videos. I learn a lot.

[@wisamputrus6196]

AMD, you are the GOAT of automobiles…..😊😊😊😊

[@sheerwillsurvival2064]

Keep these coming and please get more and more in-depth each time. You will be 3 million subscribers in no time

[@kevinbarry71]

Love your videos; in early port injection systems the injectors all fired together. Which meant most of the time it was not when the intake valve was open. What you're actually describing now is called sequential fuel injection because, well, each injector fires sequentially

[@MoeLarrycurly1]

I like modern .. ..yes .. I also like simplistic carb .. and points ..😊

[@LetsGoBrandon08]

You’re amazing my man.👌🏻 excellent explanation.

[@SignorLuigi]

Totally awesome video!!! 👏👏👏 Question: Zero oxygen will pass by the O₂ sensor if the fuel to air ratio is perfect OR rich. So how does the computer know which of those two situations is the case?

[@ryan24-60]

this is the car care nut university ❤❤❤ appreciate A M D, you are the king 👑

[@donnyboy146]

Well done explanation. Thanks for doing it and all the others.

[@leandroflaherty]

Carburator.. no fuel pump if tank above engine (motorcycle), if pump required a low pressure one (cheap, reliable, easy to replace), no computer, no sensors. You can adjust with a single screw driver, disassemble with one wrench, diagnose by ear. There is a lot to like about them. I am personally replacing my car with one that is carburated.

[@tyttuut]

I'm replacing my car with a horse because I'm tired of replacing all these moving parts and having to put expensive fuel in it.

[@jamescolpas]

Thank you so much for this beautifully explained

[@labradachig1976]

Great content. This was pretty comprehensive. Now I feel like I'm ready for the Part 1 assessment.

[@PBandJ25]

Great video! Very informative and at a good pace.

[@lalouise5478]

This is such a good informative video. Thanks a lot!

[@azclaimjumper]

I "Like" this video & have been a long time Subscriber. This was an informative/educational video for me. Looking forward to Part II

[@normanmaucha]

Car engine is a marvel of technology real cool

[@jean-francoisdorval5231]

WONDERFUL, this is exactly what I was waiting for!!! Can't wait for part two. Thanks for explaining mechanical topics like these. I'm starting to understand why nobody wants to replace only my post catalytic converter 02 sensor and why I get repeating check engine lights. Maybe my CC is bad? (2012 Subaru Outback)

[@kensnyder2340]

Outstanding video. I remember some of the first FI systems were speed density, like on the 1987 Mustangs and the Honda PGM Fi systems that made their way to motorcycles. I thought that they were really good systems. As I remember they were smooth, reliable, and had about half the sensors as we have on todays EFI. 😁

[@andrewwhitehouse5517]

Please include in part two if injector cleanings are a scam or not thank you!

[@richardepstein3494]

great idea!!

[@arshadiqbal4125]

Loved your lecture in understanding the efi system. Hopefully its the same for Diesel and petrol.

[@tariqhussain6357]

Would love if you can shoot a diagnosis videos on P0171 & 0172 with this series.

[@Jude-z5q]

EXCELLENT EXPLANATION!

[@Charkatak]

Good video series! 1) I would be interested in a video which explains the combustion process comparing 87 and 92 octane fuel. 2) Using higher octane, does it burn hotter in the engine resisting early detonation? 3) Can a higher octane fuel lessen or help with fuel dilution(where fuel gets into the oil)?

[@return.of.the.nac18]

You should teach classes. These are epic!!!

[@FallenShrouds]

My favorite comparison of carbs to injection is my old motorcycle and its 'upgrade.' My 4 cylinder 4 carbs 600cc bike gets 55mpg (up ~60-65 on hwy). Its upgrade to fuel injection got 40mpg. But hey, at least we can program sport and rain throttle modes! It's spiritual successor today is now 900cc, and gets 50mpg for nearly triple the price. But hey, at least it has an infotainment screen and cruise control! Bring back my analogue tech, sheesh.

[@scott8919]

I'm fascinated with how cars have evolved over the years, and personally prefer modern cars for their advances in technology/emissions. Unfortunately there's a loud percentage of car enthusiasts who think computers in cars are the devil.

[@Vitalii_Atamanchuk]

Very interesting and educational. Waiting for 2nd part.

[@rossjohnson2478]

Not a lot. Just the right amount of information

[@FreeKanal]

Great idea with this series :)

[@graemeridge]

love watching your videos new zealand calling

[@Cocora22]

Really love this content!!!

[@jackcprime]

Awesome! You explained it all very well.

[@pistolpeteu7413]

Very good video 📹 👍 injection is complicated. Toyota is best engineered engines and transmission.