How The British Took Sabah! (Who Really Owns Sabah? Pt. 3)

The dispute over Sabah between the Philippines and Malaysia is deeply rooted in the actions of the British North Borneo Company back in the 1800s. In this video, we will explore the agreements with the Sultans of Brunei and Sulu which gave rise to the company in the mid-1870s, and eventually fermented the modern-day dispute over Sabah.
Watch the whole series here: “Who Really Owns Sabah?” Playlist - bit.ly/SabahHistory
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Chapters:
00:00 The British Empire
02:04 Introduction
03:21 Setting the Stage for Colonizing North Borneo
05:43 How Sabah Almost Became a US Colony
06:14 The Foundations of the British North Borneo Company
06:54 Securing the Treaties with the Sultans of Brunei and Sulu
08:17 Sabah Under the British North Borneo Company
10:01 Spanish Claims and the Madrid Protocol of 1885
11:20 Sabah’s Economy & World War II
13:06 Pajak? The Roots of Today’s Sabah Dispute
16:55 Conclusion: Imperialism & the Indigenous People
19:23 Closing & Shoutouts!
**See Pinned Comments for Resources & Recommended Readings**
About Kirby:
Kirby Pábalan-Táyag Aráullo is a Filipino American historian, content creator, and renowned culture bearer based in California. He is also the author of the groundbreaking book “Black Lives & Brown Freedom: Untold Histories of War, Solidarity, & Genocide,” and the Co-Founder and former Director of Operations for the Bulosan Center for Filipino Studies at the University of California, Davis. As of 2022, Kirby serves in the City of Sacramento as Council Representative for District 8 and Communications Director for the Office of Councilmember Mai Vang.
Kirby is a direct descendant of the last indigenous Paramount Kings of Luzon (of both Lakandúlâ of Tondo and Rája Matandá of Maynílâ), of the anti-colonial revolutionary Katipuneros, and of World War II Guerilyeras who fought for the liberation of the islands we now call the Philippines.
Born in Angeles City, Philippines, Kirby spent his childhood amidst the rebuilding of his homeland in the aftermath of Mt. Pinatubo’s cataclysmic eruption. His childhood beneath the shadows of the city’s red-light district, slum neighborhoods, and Clark Air Base (a former U.S. military installation) sparked his lifelong passion in advocating for the rights and the well-being of marginalized and disenfranchised communities. As a direct descendant of revolutionaries, politicos, and activists, Kirby’s upbringing was molded by productively engaging and navigating the realms of advocacy, traditional politics, and grassroots activism.
With a keen interest in varying fields (such as history, public affairs, and filmmaking) and a strong commitment to serving the community, Kirby studied at some of the world’s most prestigious institutions, such as Harvard University, the University of California, Davis, and the Université catholique de Louvain (one of Europe’s oldest universities). He has been teaching Filipino people’s history through writing in indigenous Philippine scripts (Kulitan & Baybayin) for over a decade.
Today, Kirby is well-known for his educationally engaging KZbin channel where you can find videos about history, culture, and everything in between! He is also currently working on his next big book “Luzones & the New World: Forgotten Histories from Southeast Asia to the Americas” along with an easy-to-read book and zine series known as “Know Our Roots,” and an educational coloring book series called “Color Our Roots.”
Kirby is an educator who is well-rooted in his culture and passionate about his colorful heritage (Kapampángan, Tagálog, Indigenous Áytá, Pangasinan, and Spanish-Basque-Portuguese-Irish Mestizo); he strives to decolonize Philippine history and democratize Ethnic Studies through knowledge and creativity. Kirby is a Dátû and Lakan by blood but an Artist-Scholar-Activist at heart.

[@KirbyAraullo]

Learn more: 📖 “Nineteenth-Century Borneo: A Study in Diplomatic Rivalry” by Graham Irwin, 📜 “The State of North Borneo, 1881-1946” Leigh R. Wright, ‘The Anglo-Spanish-German 📜 “Treaty of 1885: A Step in the Development of British Hegemony in North Borneo’, in The Australian Journal of Politics and History 📜“The Origins of British Borneo” by Leigh R. Wright 📖 "Brunei: From the Age of Commerce to the 21st Century" by Marie-Sybille de Vienne 📖 "Muslims in the Philippines" by Cesar Adib Majul 📖 "The Muslim South and Beyond " by Samuel K. Tan 📜 "Silsilah Raja-Raja Berunai" by P.L. Amin Sweeney 📜 An Analysis of the "Genealogy of Sulu" by Cesar Adib Majul 📜 "Some Problems of Brunei Chronology" by Robert Nicholl 📜 "A Genealogy of the Sulu Sultanate" by Rita Tuban 📜 "Silsilah Raja-Raja Brunei: The Manuscript of Pengiran Kesuma Muhammad Hasyim" by Annabel Teh Gallop 📜 "The Philippine Claim to Sabah", in Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, by H. G. Tregonning 📰 "How Maguindanao and Cotabato rulers helped Sulu win Sabah" by Nash Maulana 📖 "Sejarah Sultan-Sultan Brunei" by Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri, Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji Awang. 📜 "Sulu and Sabah: A Study of British Policy toward the Philippines and North Borneo from the Late Eighteenth Century" by Nicolas Tarling 📜 "The Origin of 'Sabah' and a Reappraisal of Overbeck as Maharajah", in Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, by P. J. Rivers 📜 “The Philippines and Sabah Irredenta.” The World Today 24, by Michael Leifer 📖"Islam and Philippine Society: The Writings of Cesar Adib Majul" - Asian Center, University of the Philippines Diliman. 📜 "Malaysia-Philippine Relations: The Issue of Sabah", in Asian Survey, Paridah Abd. Samad and Darusalam Abu Bakar 📜 “The Philippine Claim on North Borneo: Another Look.” Philippine Studies 36, by Alfredo G. Parpan 📜 “THE PHILIPPINE CLAIM TO SABAH AND INTERNATIONAL LAW.” Malaya Law Review 10, by Jayakumar, S. 📜 "From Bitter Memories to Heritage-Making? The Jabidah Massacre and the Mindanao Garden of Peace" by Rommel A. Curaming 📜 "Muslim Separatism: The Moros of Southern Philippines and the Malays of Southern Thailand" by W. Kadir Che Man 📜 "The State-Moro Armed Conflict in the Philippines: Unresolved National Question or Question of Governance" by Rizal Buendia 📜 "Moro Archives: A History of Armed Conflicts in Mindanao and East Asia" by Norodin Alonto Lucman 📜 "Revolt in Mindanao: The Rise of Islam in Philippine Politics" by Goerge Thayil 📜 "Aristocrats of the Malay Race: A History of the Bangsa Moro in the Philippines" by Nasser A. Marohomsalic 📜 "Macapagal, the Sabah Claim and Maphilindo: The Politics of Penetration" by Gerald Sussman 📖"The Moro Struggle in the Philippines" by Cesar Adib Majul

[@irvenman]

Thanks for providing your sources!

[@jeannettebarretto]

Ds

[@hackieagoncillo1577]

@KirbyAraullo kelan po yung part 4?

[@hopelope1703]

Mr. Kirby Araullo. Do the original copy of the 1878 Sulu-BNBC agreement (Tausug version) as shown in the your video exist? Where is it now? Who is keeping it? Why not been produce in many court cases in the past as an exhibit? If what you shown is a copy from the original, how do you validate it?

[@muhammadkhairilkatiman5531]

Part 4 please.🙏🙏🙏

[@EVER_WANDER]

The real owner is the people of Sabah and what they decide is ultimately the answer... Many of the people there don't want to be part of Malaysia or the Philippines.. Sabah and Sarawak may vote to be independent and govern their own future.. that is true democracy. This should be true of all people in any part of the world.. no man or country owns the world, it is only the people. I don't mean to disagree with anyone or the history but this is 2023 not the middle ages. We have the same problem 1000s of miles away and the same conflicts and for the most part caused by the same people.. I respect you all but control your own destiny ❤

[@Hovite_Wanderer]

Sabah will never belong to the Philippines. 1) they never have, 2) they don't speak anything like the same language, 3) they are ethnically different, 4) they have a different legal code. However Sabah shares many of these with Indonesia.

[@cgfamorcan9809]

I'm expecting Part 4 will become a hotspot of debate in its comment section.

[@KirbyAraullo]

Yup!

[@C.I.MSossa]

yup we insist that sabah is sulu

[@TreiHutchinson]

Oh well that's all they can do here on KZbin, debate hotter than the sun yet in reality nothing will ever budge ..

[@renesarabia6442]

Thanks for the new video idol!

[@commentnahipadhaikar2339]

That's what many people don't know. Even in India, British didn't just came and conquered. East India company was first given Nawabi, a feudal lord position in Bengal by Indian rulers and rights to collect and submit taxes. They later fought other such feudal lords and started acting independent.

[@taraletstalk]

Very well done prof Kirby! Lupet mo talaga bro! 👏 Cheers!

[@KirbyAraullo]

Salamat! 🙏🏽

[@TreiHutchinson]

Selamat Malam saja lah ...

[@le57erguapo43]

So informative, kirby. SLMT po. 🥰💖

[@mickyrobrigado7306]

Nice explanation

[@Epifania646]

Ganda thank you for the the info about Sabah

[@josedemaisip2572]

Your exposition on the subject is highly informative, to say the least. But I would appreciate it if you could support it with your sources, and I mean, both your primary and secondary tools of research.

[@kakektivi8243]

good evening friends how are you here ?? Welcome to Indonesia . God be with you in every goodness. and will multiply the good that is always done in every limitation. blessings always my friend

[@grandmasteryoda6929]

Sulu also used owned some part of Indonesia, why don't they claim it? Don't want to make 2 enemies at once?

[@Kommanderabdulghani]

sir please don't provoke them it will make thing worst. the fact is the fact.

[@abdulwahidmdtahir3660]

​@@Kommanderabdulghani, what fact?

[@alberto7412]

we should claim that too!

[@abdulwahidmdtahir3660]

@@alberto7412 , dreaming is free.

[@christopherglimada2349]

The British empire fooled everyone for her benefits.

[@sevenlyn3059]

Im sabahan kadazan dusun of course Malaysia!!! Malaysia selamanya maju jaya... proudly been sabahan Malaysia ❤

[@C.I.MSossa]

greetings from sulu

[@sevenlyn3059]

😏

[@rizalitogomba6303]

We still supports our Muslim brotherhood bloodlines in Sabah, Sultanate of Sulu, Philippines

[@philzslayer2566]

@@rizalitogomba6303 Keep on dreaming..dream onnnnn🤣

[@MrAdudu750]

Pinoy n kdm can haus2 together

[@x1991xx]

Sabah is Sabah. Not Filipino. Not Malayan. Outsiders will be outsiders. Even Filipino coming to Sabah seek for Safety & Jobs. Please take care of your people 1st. If Sabah is under Filipino I don’t think it will be prosperous. It will be ethnics tension as happening in the Philippines. Sabahan is a peaceful people. Not a war tribal people. Just read the History of the Ethnics in Sabah and you will know how rude this Sulu people with Tax & invasion to the peaceful loving ethnic living inside the heart of Sabah. Maybe for you guys never felt peace & freedom, but Sabahan do. In Sabah, the biggest drugs trade, smugglers & illegal trades are from the Philippines, and since they are seller & consumers, crime rates is high. Go & experience living with the Sulu and try living with the indigenous people it is like days & nights different. I met a lot of dishonest Sulu people in business in Sabah. I don’t hate Filipino, I love the Tagalog & Visayan. They are good people. Even the Filipino here don’t want to get mixed up with the Sulu because to them, they are totally different people. Please stop dividing up people. This is 2023. Please fix your community. Even the Badjao sea gypsy also don’t like the Sulu people because they are forced to work in street asking people for money if not they will be beaten. The poorest people living in the street can still afford to eat like normal people here. Sabah don’t have PagPag because the community here even the Sulu is living a good life. Although im mentioning about Sulu, i don’t hate them. I know life is hard, not all is bad, most of them also don’t want to be ruled under Philippines. That’s why they cry when get caught & sent back to the Philippines. Some ethnics fear for their life. They run to Sabah to escape the violence in Philippines & yes most also run to Sabah after doing crime there. Again I stressed here, let people live happy, don’t & stop bringing trouble & problem to Sabah. You maybe can denied me, because you living in denial.

[@fernandocruz4877]

You have been judged by the international arbitration court. Just adhere to the international rule of law✌️

[@hassanazhari8309]

Give sultan sulu power to rule sulu build him a castle

[@x1991xx]

@@fernandocruz4877 we’ll see..

[@x1991xx]

@@hassanazhari8309 i know a lot of people who claim to be their descendent.. history will repeat and they will fight against each others

[@fernandocruz4877]

@@x1991xx have you not seen it. You have been judged by the international arbitration court. I never said who live in it however you must talk to the arbitration court because there is a ruling that you owed the heirs of Sultan of Sulu $14.93B.

[@wolfgangjoshramboy7072]

Interesting,will continue watching your video, kindly inform us who was the last sultanate of sulu and its succesor if who is he? , we love to hear from you, thank you

[@adammortgage2457]

Maybe you should cover the final decision by the Spanish international court rejecting the arbitration rulings by the french court, also claiming the appeals are null and void ?🤔

[@Kommanderabdulghani]

hope he do it cuase don't want have any misunderstanding in future.

[@abdulwahidmdtahir3660]

Latest as in June 2023: 1. June 6th - Paris Court of Appeal had set aside and annulled the previous Paris Court (lower court) ruling awarding the heirs of the defunct Sulu Sultanate. 2. June 27th - Dutch Court of Appeal had dismissed a bid by eight descendants of former Sultan of Sulu to enforce the arbitration award by Paris Court (lower court) ruling, and dismissed an attempt to seize Malaysian assets following the Paris Court of Appeal decision. 3. Paris Court of Appeal also imposed on Sulu €100,000.00 (Euro currency) to be paid to Malaysia as legal cost. 4. Mean while in Luxembourg, a second attempt to seize Malaysian Petronas assets had been filed in Luxembourg Court due for hearing in September 2023 after the first attempt was dismissed. This will likely be dismissed too following the Paris Court of Appeal decision. Malaysia had spent around RM32m, equivalent to about USD6.6m to deal with these Sulu claim cases in various European courts, in Madrid, Paris, Luxembourg and Netherlands. Apart from the €100,000.00 Sulu has to pay to Malaysia as legal cost, Malaysia is planning to sue Sulu for compensation for the loss of RM32m spent. As for the arbitration proceedings in Spain, the Madrid Court didn't reject the arbitration ruling by Paris Court because Sulu brought their case in Madrid Court first. Madrid Court rejected Sulu's case and ruled in favour of Malaysia. Failing in Madrid, Sulu brought their case in Paris Court. If they were sincere they should pursue further in Madrid Court of Appeal, not ran to Paris. Stampa's action of bringing the case in Paris Court after Madrid Court had already rejected their case was seen by Spanish judicial authority as contempt of court. This prompted the Spanish judicial authority to annul Stampa's appointment as an Arbitrator and Stampa's arbitration which awarded Sulu USD14.82B was also annulled. Criminal proceeding was also taken against Stampa. Sulu and Stampa made an appeal to Madrid Court of Appeal but their appeal was rejected. Later Spanish Constitutional Court upheld the annulment of Stampa's appointment as an Arbitrator.

[@Nonames997]

Brunei asked help from sulu but sulu never help brunei so brunei never admit that east of North Borneo given to sulu it never happens.

[@meilinchan7314]

Sabahans see themselves as a sovereign state within a federation and would rather have Sabah be independent than part of the Philippines. If there is one country that could said to be the rightful owner of Sabah it's Brunei, not the Philippines.

[@lorenmercado7810]

Kirby seraulo?!

[@mikecsj1]

Sabah benefited so much from the British administration and the western enlightenment. It helped us to transcend from the primitive native civilisation into a more advanced modern civilisation that is today.True Sabahan are forever grateful and indebt to the British. I hope our current government can continue to learn from the west and focus on long term development plan. Malaysia should allocate more resources to the state so that Sabah dont lagged behind other states in Malaysia.

[@mubarakampa2160]

make a documentary regarding the iranun the vikings of southeast asia po :)

[@wilfredwilfred5974]

Kirby can you please do a video on pabasa 😢tnx

[@hopelope1703]

From the video (7.35), it show a copy of the 1878 agreement in Tausug. Do the original copy of the 1878 Sulu-BNBC agreement (Tausug version) as shown in the video still exist? Where is it now? Who is keeping it? Why not been produce in many court cases in the past as an exhibit? If what been shown is a copy from the original, how do you validate it and not FAKE? It was reported the original (Tausug version) is missing during his majesty trip to Singapore. If it is true, where do they get this photocopy? Actually, how many copies of the original exist?

[@riasaade3989]

Hello, makananu da kang akasabi. Atin kang telepono.mallari kung awsan?

[@jackjohn8246]

Such a bright brain. Got a big crush 😅

[@KirbyAraullo]

Thank you 🙏🏽

[@sanaall0214]

Where's part2?

[@KirbyAraullo]

Here you go kzbin.info/www/bejne/m2G5hoZrfZaWeZI

[@nyessalamanderman353]

as per se; the Austro-Hungarian empire also butt in the concession of North Borneo (a.k.a. Sabah or some parts of it at that time) to be as a penal colony by the Austro-Hungarians therefore the North Borneo/Sabah dispute is much more complex rather than simple when it comes to the land validity between the Republic of the Philippines' and Federation of Malaysia's role about the disputed land of Sabah and the people that themselves inhabit by the Federation's and Republic's people that co-existing in such way.

[@hopelope1703]

What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu as a gift? But Brunei Sultanate (original owner) grant and cede North Borneo to British North Borneo Company on 29/12/1877. British then turned North Borneo into British Charter (1881), Protectorate (1888), Colony (1946) and finally British Parliament under the Malaysia Act 1963 incorporate it into Malaysia. Problem arise when Sulu making claim without any proof of ownership.

[@thethirdjegs]

Akala ko hindi na to matutuloy.

[@mannyp6582]

😮 Not surprised the BRITISH, are the best CONNED artist ever! Enjoying and leaving through the privilege of of others countries. And played the superhero through the whole world! The condescending knowledge is best suit the power of the most colonizer.

[@jmymars8080]

please go to the Brunei Museum and refer back to the Salasiah of Brunei. Plus, the interior of Sabah never being colonized by any of the Sultanates as it was under tribal organization. There is no evidence yet in the part of interior Sabah being dwelt by any of these sultanates. If there is a referendum, I don't think Sabahans want to be part of The Philippines.

[@pinkvelvet3865]

This British just caused a lot of problems!

[@LeonardLuzon]

Especially the Palestine issue

[@cristlee3644]

❤❤❤

[@ianendangan7462]

The British is interested only in its resources. Kaya tayo inaway ni British nung nag claim tayo sa Sabah kasi yung potential na oil deposits kaya Shell is very interested. British supplied arms and training to MNLF via Malaysia. UK even banned PAL to land in UK preferebly Heathrow. Kaya nung 70's ang Airbus sales team nag protocol kay PFEM sa malacanang, Marcos countered if the UK allowed PAL to land at heathrow they will buy A300B4. Kaya Airbus lobbied with the UK Govt to give PAL landing rights. Nung naibigay na bumili si Marcos via PAL ng 13 A300B4.

[@cesarsuello6089]

In short binudol ng british ang sultan of Sulu. Nabudol na sa renta na mas malaki ang rent na bayad sa Brunei na maliit lng ang area na nka lease. Ung sa area ng sultan of Sulu mas malaki ang area mababa ang renta na binabayad. Patu sa lease contract may budol din gawa na Britanya. Cession dw ung padjak. Grabecang pag budol sa sulatanato ng Sulu. Hindi nila napanginabangan ung oil & gas resources at fiesta ang Malaysia binigay on a silver platter ang sabah sa kanila. Yan british empire ganid yan sila kasama ng mga kaharian ng europa nuon.

[@hopelope1703]

What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu as a gift? But Brunei Sultanate (original owner) grant and cede North Borneo to British North Borneo Company on 29/12/1877.

[@wakakabravo7998]

when u talk about how british and spanish make agreement without involvement of native people, u should also mention about how brunei and sulu sultanete make aggrement without involvement of native sabahan. majority of native in sabahan are kadazan dusun which have different language and culture compare to malay brunei and sulu.

[@johnmichaelparpados1232]

Brits are really great at messing things up!

[@TreiHutchinson]

Oh well so were the Spanish and the rest of the European powers. El Conquistador ?

[@MrStalkerhunter]

Sudah kuredhai pajakkan dengan keredhaan dan kesukaan kita sendiri kepada tuan Gustavus Baron von Overbeck yang tinggal dalam negeri Hong Kong dan kepada Alfred Dent Esquire yang tinggal dalam negeri London... sampai selama-lamanya sekalian perintah dan kuasa yang kita punya yang takluk kepada kita di tanah besar Pulau Borneo dari Sungai Pandasan di sebelah barat sampai sepanjang semua tanah di pantai sebelah timur sejauh Sungai Sibuku di sebelah selatan. and tiadalah boleh sekali-sekali kuasa dan perintah yang dikeredhai dalam pajakan ini diberi atau ditukarkan kepada lain bangsa atau kompeni daripada bangsa asing kalau tiada dengan keredhaan perintah bawah duli Queen terlebih dahulu.

[@georgeacenas2349]

As a Yank born Filipino I may not have money, but have a historical treasure chest. Well, Brunei, Malaysia and Indonesia, like it or not we appear to be family. Kain na Tayo!

[@Kommanderabdulghani]

Yes we all one big family

[@glennpamplona1398]

So informative. Watching from Israel 🇮🇱

[@razalussipilis9487]

We Don't need Philippines or Sulu Sultanate to become out gorvement in Sabah...

[@ramongabutina8015]

Filipinos do not care about Sabah anymore.This discussion will only affect Phils/Malaysia relations, as both have parts of their EEZ waters being claimed by China.

[@yunusjhon651]

Half of North Borneo was leased to British Chartered Company by Brunei and the haft by Sutan of Sulu .The proof of facts sabah has the markable stone which was surveyed by British Colonial in Town of Tawau which a Markable stone lies near the Mosque at the edge of the road and the second one is at River Sagaliud,Sandakan and last one lies at Sikuati Kudat.People of still do not know such about .

[@hopelope1703]

Sulu/PH need to resolve 2 legal aspects before making any claim on Sabah from Malaysia. Firstly, Sulu need to show undisputable proof that earlier, Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo (Sabah) to Sulu as a gift for assisting in the Brunei’s civil war. This is to rebuke the existence of 29/12/1877 agreement (consist of 4 agreements) signed by Brunei Sultanate that grant the whole of North Borneo to British North Borneo Company (BNBC). These agreements exist and keep at the National Archives in London. The word “grant” been used, and it has never been challenged or protest by Brunei, even when the British turned North Borneo into British Charter (1881), Protectorate (1888), Colony (1946) and finally British Parliament under the Malaysia Act 1963 incorporate it into Malaysia. Secondly, let assume North Borneo belongs to Sulu. Sultanate of Sulu signed many agreements to relinquish his territories and dependencies (including North Borneo) to the colonizers. These include the Bases of Peace and Capitulation Agreement with Spain on 22/7/1878 and Carpenter Agreement on 22/3/1915 with the US. Later Spain and US relinquish North Borneo under the Madrid Protocol 1885 and Anglo-US Border Convention 1930 to the British respectively. At the end, Sulu has nothing. Thirdly, subsequent to the second point above, PH claims on North Borneo (Sabah) is null and void. Any colonized colony that seek independence, the territory (sovereignty) is based on what been given by their colonizer. In this regard, the principle of uti posseditis juris is applicable, acceptable and recognize internationally. PH got their independence from US in 1946 and under this principle, there is NO North Borneo. Rebut with facts and references. Not hearsay.

[@hopelope1703]

There is a court case recorded by ICJ (International Court of Justice, The Hague) pertaining to the Philippines claims on North Borneo. It is a special 37-page report by ICJ that was published in 2001 and easily accessible from the ICJ official website. It was a trial within a trial in the main court case between Malaysia and Indonesia over the ownership of the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan in Sabah. Philippines which is not a party to the trial requested permission to intervene. To comply to Article 62 of the Statute of Court, Philippines stated the objectives for the intervention (Section 7 & 84) namely, to safeguard and preserve Philippines historical and legal rights over North Borneo and to inform the court the affect or effect of the court outcomes on its claim to the territories. In the trial within a trial, Philippines lawyers explained their case especially the Sulu-Ovenbeck 1878 agreement (primal reference) and related information to the court (Section 44 & 83). The same 15 main court judges were sitting at the bench and Malaysian and Indonesian lawyers too were involved in this trial. On 23 October 2001, by 14 to 1 vote, the court rejected Philippines request on the ground that there is “no interest of legal nature” (Section 93). (Meaning Sulu/PH claim on Sabah is null and void) Type the statement below and go to the official ICJ website (a 37-page report): INTIZRNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS, ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS CASE CONCERNING SOVEREIGNTY OVER PULAU LIGITAN AND PULAU SIPADAN APPLICATION BY THE PHILIPPINES FOR PERMISSION TO INTERVENE JUDGMENT OF 23 OCTOBER 2001

[@gfxminer4809]

no village under sulu sultanate, Baron De Overbeck create that made up agreement with sulu sultanate in 1878 just to precede Spanish attempt to take over Sabah by signing their made up agreement with sulu sultanate, there is no actual village ever under sulu sultanate rule anywhere here in Sabah in the past

[@marcusmagnificus1984]

As complicated as it is, I doubt Malaysia will ever yield Sabah easily to the claimants - the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate. Will the conflicting parties be able to reach an agreement? A compromise perhaps? It seems unlikely. In part 4, I hope you touch on the Spanish arbitration award that supposedly favors the claimants of Sulu, and what are the possible scenarios where this might lead in the future.

[@hopelope1703]

Sulu claim is based on the earlier judgement by the Madrid Court in 2019 (1) that acknowledged Dr Stampa as an appointed arbitrator, and he later granted final arbitral awards favouring Sulu with the sum of USD 14.92 billion dollars against Malaysia. This became the basis by Sulu to enforce the ruling for all their claims in other courts such as in France, Luxembourg, and Netherlands. But this do not hold water as on 29th June 2021 (2), Madrid Court retroactively invalidated his appointment, and nullified all his actions as a purported arbitrator. Later the Spanish Constitutional Court on 2nd February 2023 (3) rejected the Sulu appeal to that annulment of Dr Stampa as an arbitrator. Thus, all court cases (including in France, Luxembourg, and Netherlands) that relate to Dr Stampa is null and void.

[@marcusmagnificus1984]

@@hopelope1703 Would it still be possible then to refile the case with another arbitrator?

[@hopelope1703]

@@marcusmagnificus1984 Yes but you must understand the prerequisites to make any arbitral claim in accordance to the country arbitration law and New York Convention 1958. Read Article 2 and 5 of the convention that require the claimant to produce the arbitration agreement or clause. Do Sulu have such document with Malaysia? Without it, the court cannot proceed.

[@adolphdelatorre3102]

operation merdeka will continue

[@hopelope1703]

@@adolphdelatorre3102 Then it is better to get rid of the insurgencies and terrorism in the country that is long overdue.

[@jasonpalacios1363]

Very interesting history lesson my wife is a Filipina from Cebu and grew up in Davao like Duterte she told me that Sabah was really Filipino territory. I was shocked because all my life I thought that Sabah was part of Malaysia. Also how come I never see you mention Japanese Imperialism?

[@TreiHutchinson]

Oh well tell her too bad for the Pinoys..

[@hopelope1703]

Sulu/PH need to resolve 2 legal aspects before making any claim on Sabah from Malaysia. Firstly, Sulu need to show undisputable proof that earlier, Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo (Sabah) to Sulu as a gift for assisting in the Brunei’s civil war. This is to rebuke the existence of 29/12/1877 agreement (consist of 4 agreements) signed by Brunei Sultanate that grant the whole of North Borneo to British North Borneo Company (BNBC). These agreements exist and keep in the National Archives in London. The word “grant” been used, and it has never been challenged or protest by Brunei, even when the British turned North Borneo into British Charter (1881), Protectorate (1888), Colony (1946) and finally British Parliament under the Malaysia Act 1963 incorporate it into Malaysia. Secondly, let assume North Borneo belongs to Sulu. Sultanate of Sulu signed many agreements to relinquish its territories and dependencies (including North Borneo) to the colonizers. These include the Bases of Peace and Capitulation Agreement with Spain on 22/7/1878 and Carpenter Agreement on 22/3/1915 with the US. Later Spain and US relinquish North Borneo under the Madrid Protocol 1885 and Anglo-US Border Convention 1930 to the British respectively. At the end, Sulu has nothing. Rebut with facts and references. Not hearsay.

[@MirMir-uv8qf]

Sultanate of sulu Owner...

[@hopelope1703]

What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu as a gift? But Brunei Sultanate (original owner) grant and cede North Borneo to British North Borneo Company on 29/12/1877.

[@TreiHutchinson]

Dari Perlis sampai ke Sabah, kita sudah Merdeka ..

[@cristlee3644]

Dia bukan Philippines dia keturunan Brunei mama dia Brunei😊❤❤

[@myphilippines2686]

Sultanate of Sulu is the legitimate owner but Malaysia possessed it illegally.

[@hopelope1703]

Sulu/PH need to resolve 2 legal aspects before making any claim on Sabah from Malaysia. Firstly, Sulu need to show undisputable proof that earlier, Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo (Sabah) to Sulu as a gift for assisting in the Brunei’s civil war. This is to rebuke the existence of 29/12/1877 agreement (consist of 4 agreements) signed by Brunei Sultanate that grant the whole of North Borneo to British North Borneo Company (BNBC). These agreements exist and keep at the National Archives in London. The word “grant” been used, and it has never been challenged or protest by Brunei, even when the British turned North Borneo into British Charter (1881), Protectorate (1888), Colony (1946) and finally British Parliament under the Malaysia Act 1963 incorporate it into Malaysia. Secondly, let assume North Borneo belongs to Sulu. Sultanate of Sulu signed many agreements to relinquish his territories and dependencies (including North Borneo) to the colonizers. These include the Bases of Peace and Capitulation Agreement with Spain on 22/7/1878 and Carpenter Agreement on 22/3/1915 with the US. Later Spain and US relinquish North Borneo under the Madrid Protocol 1885 and Anglo-US Border Convention 1930 to the British respectively. At the end, Sulu has nothing. Thirdly, subsequent to the second point above, PH claims on North Borneo (Sabah) is null and void. Any colonized colony that seek independence, the territory (sovereignty) is based on what been given by their colonizer. In this regard, the principle of uti posseditis juris is applicable, acceptable and recognize internationally. PH got their independence from US in 1946 and under this principle, there is NO North Borneo. Rebut with facts and references. Not hearsay.

[@hopelope1703]

There is a court case recorded by ICJ (International Court of Justice, The Hague) pertaining to the Philippines claims on North Borneo. It is a special 37-page report by ICJ that was published in 2001 and easily accessible from the ICJ official website. It was a trial within a trial in the main court case between Malaysia and Indonesia over the ownership of the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan in Sabah. Philippines which is not a party to the trial requested permission to intervene. To comply to Article 62 of the Statute of Court, Philippines stated the objectives for the intervention (Section 7 & 84) namely, to safeguard and preserve Philippines historical and legal rights over North Borneo and to inform the court the affect or effect of the court outcomes on its claim to the territories. In the trial within a trial, Philippines lawyers explained their case especially the Sulu-Ovenbeck 1878 agreement (primal reference) and related information to the court (Section 44 & 83). The same 15 main court judges were sitting at the bench and Malaysian and Indonesian lawyers too were involved in this trial. On 23 October 2001, by 14 to 1 vote, the court rejected Philippines request on the ground that there is “no interest of legal nature” (Section 93). (Meaning Sulu/PH claim on Sabah is null and void) Type the statement below and go to the official ICJ website (a 37-page report): INTIZRNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE REPORTS OF JUDGMENTS, ADVISORY OPINIONS AND ORDERS CASE CONCERNING SOVEREIGNTY OVER PULAU LIGITAN AND PULAU SIPADAN APPLICATION BY THE PHILIPPINES FOR PERMISSION TO INTERVENE JUDGMENT OF 23 OCTOBER 2001

[@merlelachica171]

Belongs to the king if sulo.called sultan of sulo.Sabbah production of oil and gas. Why Philippines government not helping the sultan of sulo? They can pay proty taxes to Philippines 🇵🇭. KawawA in our Filipino Muslim no help for government totally survivor. Philippines have military to protect our citizen country ,why did not helping our Filipino sultan even he is the king in community still need protections. Now the sultan family losing their property part of the Philippines 🇵🇭. Now we need actions to get it back.

[@Kommanderabdulghani]

that a good question, why not in first place after get independent from USA?🤔

[@narutos138]

Malaysian filipino hating on Philippines for being colonize and loyal sa USA hindi nila alam ganun din bansa nila😂nung namatay si queen Elizabeth naka flash yung bandila nila na isa sa mga Commonwealth chocho😅

[@Userkangjihoon23451]

USA ba galing si Queen Elizabeth? 😂😂😂 Britain po

[@narutos138]

@@Userkangjihoon23451 ibig ko sabihin ganun din sila colonize ng westerners pareho sila ng Singapore, ang thailand kunwari hindi daw sila na colonize pero matagl na sila kaalyado ng france.

[@Userkangjihoon23451]

@@narutos138 Edi edit mo nalang sinabi mo... Ang layo layo ng USA sa Britain, kabilang kontinente na, mas malapit pa nga South America.

[@narutos138]

@@Userkangjihoon23451 dami mo hanash dunong dunungan kapa sa geographical ,ang point jan wala tayo maasahan sa ASEAN.military alliance dahil loyal din mga mukong sa colonizer at #1 investor nila.mga muslim dito sa pinas gusto mag federal ang pinas lapit daw sila sa kapwa muslim nila indonesia at malaysia makipag alliance para mahiwalay ang moro sa pinas.in the end dito sa asia magkakapitbahay din tlaga nag gigyera

[@narutos138]

@@Userkangjihoon23451 hindi ko lang sinabi kung san bansa galing si queen Elizabeth nagulo na utak mo .bakit mo naman isipin na amerikano si Elisabeth binanggit ko nga Commonwealth wala nmn ganyan amerika dahil democratic ang America ganyan natin?

[@GerleneBarra-np6vu]

As long ss Philipine Rise is ours!!!!

[@cristlee3644]

Ya memang betul Sultan Jamalul alam orang dari Brunei bukan Philippines dia saudara Brunei dia berketurunan orang Brunei sebab Mama dia orang Brunei ☺️☺️

[@mohd8439]

Bapa dia orang apa?? Keturunan di warisi dari bapa bukan mama

[@tuahsetia9929]

​@@mohd8439betul tu...mantap

[@cristlee3644]

Keluarga dia orang Brunei Semua untuk bukan dari Philippines 😢😢

[@alexwacther7501]

Why dont your Philippines people give your own land to sultan sulu?

[@SABONGPhilippines07]

Abdol.... Philippines already had kings and queens... Before Islam exist in ASEAN 😂🤭 wtf are you talking about?????

[@yunusjhon651]

Subai niyu tuntutan amo manga pihak British hasab gumua dain sin pagjanjian halaum sin katas kabayaan sin karua pihak Brtish iban kasultan Sulu Philippine

[@eduardoquirino8131]

this is why the sultanate of sulu heirs keep winning in court. I hope they take over their inheritance.

[@hopelope1703]

Are you sure? Sulu already lost their arbitral court cases in Spain (2021) and France (2023). Soon will be rejected by court in Luxembourg and Netherlands.

[@fernandocruz4877]

​@@hopelope1703 here you are again. Give us the link😄😁😆😅😂🤣

[@fernandocruz4877]

​@@hopelope1703 only this year 2023 (FEB) the court of Luxembourgh to implement the seizure of Petronas assets😆😅😂🤣

[@fernandocruz4877]

​​​@@hopelope1703 you won a stay order in France that mean the seizure of Petronas assets will be hold on abeyance only in France but the ruling is the same.😅😅😅😂🤣

[@hopelope1703]

Sulu claim is based on the earlier judgement by the Madrid Court in 2019 (1) that acknowledged Dr Stampa as an appointed arbitrator, and he later granted “final arbitral awards” favouring Sulu with the sum of USD 14.92 billion dollars against Malaysia. This became the basis by Sulu to enforce the ruling for all their claims in other courts in France, Luxembourg, and Netherlands. But this do not hold water as on 29th June 2021 (2), Madrid Court retroactively invalidated Dr Stampa appointment, and nullified all his actions as a purported arbitrator. Later, the Spanish Constitutional Court on 2nd February 2023 (3) rejected the Sulu appeal to that annulment of Dr Stampa as an arbitrator. On 12 July 2022 Malaysia obtained Suspension (Stay) Order from the Paris Court of Appeal to suspend Exequatur Order issued by Paris Court. A Stay Order obtained in the French Court of Appeal pending application to set aside an arbitration award in an arbitration proceeding also to be filed in the French Court. Sulu again challenged the court decision on Stay Order on 27/7/2022 and the hearing was done on 16/1/2023. Finally, Paris Court of Appeal decided on Tuesday (14/3/2023) that the challenge filed by the Sulu claimants was inadmissible and thus Sulu claimants’ bid to enforce in France the purported US$14.9bil (RM67.14bil) final award has been dismissed. Just type "Bloomberg Sulu arbitration french court 2023". Bloomberg is an internationally reputable media. In court, there is a process and the court settled one issue at a time. When Sulu failed in their appeal to revoke the Stay Order, next will be to eliminate the claim in total. Thus, court cases in Luxembourg, and Netherlands that relate to Dr Stampa are also null and void. First case In Luxembourg, Sulu lost too and now they are making an appeal.

[@priamgrey6043]

Great vlog. Greetings from Sabah Philippines ❤

[@hopelope1703]

What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu as a gift? But Brunei Sultanate (original owner) grant and cede North Borneo to British North Borneo Company on 29/12/1877.

[@iansarte4914]

Malaysia must give respect to the Sulu people..return whats not yours and pay your debt..and settle soon

[@hopelope1703]

If yours, show undisputable proof that Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo to Sulu as a gift.

[@harveyhawthorne4156]

LUID KA Cabalen!

[@AIMa-pm7ss]

Come claim sabah if you want your head detached from your body😊

[@lucasmanlabao]

British created dispute everywhere

[@edgarmendoza2397]

British coloniser renting that land to sulu sultanate

[@Jeff.jeff36]

Kasalanan ni aquino yan

[@angelomartan7762]

Paano ba mabawasan yaang galaw mo, nakakailang eh. Ilang square miles ba ang binigay ng Sultan ng Brunei? Ang galaw mo pala ay siya ring kain ng salita no, kontrolin mo yan pare.

[@TreiHutchinson]

Yeah how the British stole and in the End we Malaysia got it .. So its the End ..

[@geoshindhaisuke4851]

Historically part of sulu , you can read it every where in the world in library 😂

[@hopelope1703]

Which world are you talking about?

[@aletlee179]

@@hopelope1703 your mom

[@hopelope1703]

​@@aletlee179 Ha ha ha ha. No wonder it is hopeless.

[@Userkangjihoon23451]

​@@hopelope1703Hahahaha... Poor fellow

[@hopelope1703]

​@@Userkangjihoon23451 Ha ha ha ha. Why not you rebut my comment. Not hearsay.

[@JM-gg8ko]

This is a simple ownership issue. Malaysia is one of the few countries that allows foreign ownership of property. This is just a simple land ownership of a Filipino in Malaysia that is older than the Malaysian government. Philippine government do not have to get involved. The Sulu sultanate should use Malaysian courts to settle the land ownership issue. They may have more favorable tax settlements with Malaysia than Philippines.

[@zekefister8294]

Malaysian courts are biased and essentially stooges of the Malaysian executive government. Justice for the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate will never be obtained from Malaysian courts.

[@dattebayo10]

The sabah is ours to the sultanate of sulu.

[@hopelope1703]

What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo to Sulu as a gift?

[@fernandocruz4877]

​@@hopelope1703 The International Arbitration Court say so. You keep asking that asking that question. Sultanate of Brunei shrinked because of mismanagement😁😁😆😅😂🤣

[@alonzolobaton4631]

The Queen of the South will Rise🤗 The Land of Ophir🤫Where King Solomon got its Gold🤫 Columbus, Magellan, and Bush knew🤗

[@yunusjhon651]

hasabab....

[@hopelope1703]

Any pro Sulu or PH claims on North Borneo, their primal source of reference will be the Sulu and British North Borneo Company (BNBC) agreement dated 22 January 1878. In this agreement, Sulu “lease” North Borneo to BNBC (Tausug version - missing during his majesty trip to Singapore) while the English version is “grant and cede”. This information will easily be cherry picked in any of their discussion or debate. But what they will not be revealed are those that can refute their claim. The followings are few of the information that had been kept secret: 1. The agreement between Brunei Sultanate that grant and cede North Borneo to BNBC on 29 December 1877 which is 3 weeks earlier than the agreement between Sultan Sulu and BNBC (22 January 1878). This will deny that North Borneo was a gift to Sulu from Brunei. If disagree, show undisputable proof that Brunei Sultanate (original owner) give North Borneo to Sulu as a gift. 2. On 22nd July 1878, Sultanate of Sulu relinquished his sovereignty on Sulu Archipelago and its dependencies thereof to Spain (Bases of Peace and Capitulation Agreement). 3. On the same day, 22 July 1878, Sultanate of Sulu wrote to Governor General of Philippines and Governor of Sulu terminating the 22/1/1878 agreement between Sulu Sultanate and BNBC. Thus, the agreement is null and void. 4. On 24th July 1878, Governor of Sulu wrote to BNBC concerning the Spanish sovereignty on Sulu and its dependencies including North Borneo and the termination of the 1878 agreement. 5. Governor General of Philippines wrote a letter on the same matter dated 20th August 1878 to the Spanish Government in Madrid. 6. Finally, the issues on the agreement between Sultanate of Sulu and BNBC and the status of North Borneo was settled through the Madrid Protocol (7th March 1885). North Borneo belongs to the British under this Protocol. 7. In addition, during the US colonization of PH, Carpenter Agreement (22/3/1915) was signed by the Sultanate of Sulu which relinquished its temporal sovereignty of Sulu and its dependencies. 8. Later, the 1930 Anglo-US border agreement acknowledge the boundary delimitation between PH and North Borneo that belongs to the British. Most of the above documents are kept either in Public Record Office (National Archives) in London or General Archives in Madrid. It can also be accessible from the Philippines Official Website with Spanish to English translation. Rebut my comment with facts and references. Not hearsay.

[@hopelope1703]

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 (23/5/1969). This is the international reference when dispute on the content and text in the treaties. i). Article 1 stated that treaties should be interpreted in good faith in accordance with the ordinary meaning to be given to the terms in their context and in the lights of its object and purpose. ii). Article 33 (4) is referred on the definition of words which denote different meaning in 2 separate translations. This is with reference to the word “lease” or “padjak” as argued by Philippines. If exist 2 translations (English & Tausug), then it should be look whether does it conform to the objective and purpose of the agreement. iii). Looking back at the sentences whether in English or Tausug translation, the word or sentences used such as “lease in perpetuity”,” permanent lease”, “until the sun or moon do not rise”, “until end of time”,” assigns forever”, “supreme leader”, “Datu Bendajara”, “Raja of North Borneo” and others denote that North Borneo is meant to be given away for good.

[@hopelope1703]

The earliest historian like Sir Stamford Raffles (History of Java) in 1830 said it is only a claim Sulu on North Borneo. Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (prominent Brunei’s historian) published “Tarsilah Brunei II: 1997 Period of Splendour and Fame” (Malay version) also denied Sulu claim on North Borneo.

[@polynx]

@@hopelope1703 Common Sense sir, the two contracts was sign by brunie 2 weeks later by sulo so it was common understanding between BNBC and Sultan of Sulo that the own and oversee the territory of east sabah. OKAY?

[@polynx]

@@hopelope1703 If your not satisfy to the author of the video go to ICC Court and tell your story and proof. Tumira Ka Kasi hahahaha

[@hopelope1703]

@@polynx Ha ha ha ha. What a joke. There are 2 agreements dated 1877 and 1878. But Sulu acknowledge that the original owner the whole of Sabah belongs to Brunei. So how on earth Sulu can make any agreement with any party if there is NO PROOF that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu. Unless the 1878 agreement was done under intimidation or deceive. But BNBC do have that agreement from Brunei Sultanate dated 29/12/1877. Thus 1878 agreement is null and void.

[@user-hn2xy2oh9i]

So the Culprit of this Problem between the Philippines & Malaysia is the BRITISH, UK forgot.about the.Sultanate of Sulu where they are Paying RENT up to this Date.

[@hopelope1703]

Don't blame the British. Can Sulu show evidence that Brunei Sultanate (original owner) gave Sabah to Sulu as a gift? So far the record said NONE. Only pirates will do such a thing claiming something that does NOT belong to them.

[@KC-in9px]

The subjugation of primitive peoples wasn't much of a challenge for the western Colonial powers which were more advanced.

[@franciscogozo2229]

Malaysia should return Sabah to the rightful owner

[@C.I.MSossa]

SABAH INVASION 2025

[@gfxminer4809]

sulu sultanate is foreigners to Sabah, have nothing to do with Sabah, we do not have any history of any sulu ruler anywhere here in Sabah, sulu sultanate have no right at all to be here, we never defeated in any battle with sulu, never conquered or ruled by sulu at all, you are not telling story you tell sulu sultanate lies

[@banyaga-di-palawan]

Sabah, Kalimantan and Sarawak should declare independence from Malaysia and Indonesia, then create a Federation including Brunei (while maintaining their independence) for joint self defence and development? I would love to see Palawan included as it is more Bornean, not part of the Philippines by nature or techtonics.

[@hijodelsoldeoriente]

Geology and geography is not the basis of sovereignty and territory. With that logic, no modern country would exists. All should be redrawn on the map.

[@gfxminer4809]

@@hijodelsoldeoriente palawan and balabac was in fact part of Borneo

[@hijodelsoldeoriente]

@@gfxminer4809 again. relevance?

[@adolphdelatorre3102]

I hope malaysia follow the decision of the court.. sabah, 🇵🇭🇵🇭🇵🇭

[@kimsohye4801]

aSk philippines government to fix their own country and internal conflict and war first before claiming others . =O

[@zekefister8294]

The Philippines can do all of those while the heirs of the Sulu Sultanate enforce the arbitration ruling that went against Malaysia.

[@MrStalkerhunter]

The reason why it is pointless to debate to whom or where Sabah belongs to is because of a number of things: 1) Straw manning(using legal documents that prove their point): Luring clueless Filipinos about documents made back then that were ambiguous to all parties be Pro-Malaysian or Pro-Philippines ownership of the said islands 2)Appealing to Authority: as to who is currently owning or in control of the islands or to what nation the islands belong to is out of the question and therefore shouldn't be the crux of the argument against the "so called claimants". 2)Black and White Thinking: "Concept of Proof" within science based thinking is a whole lot different from mathematics or logic based thinking,When you say that something is “proved” within math or logic, it can be taken as immutable, but in science, this isn't the case. Science can be viewed as a method that helps us to asymptotically approach objective truth (i.e., something that is absolute), but we can never claim to know anything with 100% certainty. Now to eliminate politicizing this case let us view this in a matter on Where?and when did things get fuzzy and confusing and as if the Philippines when did the switcheroo occurred? When the British East India company dissolved the following lands should have been given back to its respective constituents. Ok?so the question is how is this fair?when the british east india company dissolved in Sabah, it should have been given back to Sulu Sultanate,the Brunei Sultanate,(Sarawak..?)..it should have ended there.

[@hopelope1703]

Refering to your statement ".....Where? and when did things get fuzzy and confusing....", you are doing cross sectional analysis which is bias. You should do a retrospective study, meaning at the very beginning. Sulu acknowledge that Sabah originally belongs to the Sultanate of Brunei before what Sulu been claiming all this while been given to them as a gift. My simple question, where is the undisputable evident that Brunei Sultanate give North Borneo to Sulu as a gift? To me, you cannot demand anything if the said property rightly not belong to you.

[@MrStalkerhunter]

@@hopelope1703 thats right,u are right! with then where is it that is confusing is ?it is with the language and we have 2 types of language being interpreted in both countries. Which is where the black and white fallacy goes, retrospective point of view does neither prove anything because the papers falls apart with what islands originally these islands belongs to. With respect one of the claimants has been so called "manipulated" by either parties which is now the crux of the argument. By using a piece of paper u have now gained some form of "aide of confidentiality and trust" from the "Sultanate of Sulu"as an ally during those times. But also by making these "politically drastic moves" to gamble the northeastern portion of sabah to the Kingdom of Sulu, u have carried a huge weight of mistrust by revoking the said islands back because u now have new allies(foreigner/colonizers) which you have now agreed superceding the earlier treaty and also it is the same move that was done by the Sultan of Sulu, as they were now slowly being manipulated by the Americans and even massacred to charging suicides against huge guns and armaments by a more advanced country

[@MrStalkerhunter]

In other words there's really a no contest here, Sabah does belong to Malaysia, but the SHAME, the Shame that Malaysia has been carrying with her for the past century that she would scuttle every treaty and every alliance when faced with a bigger threat of a country in exchange against her neighboring brother whom 1.) he has much more closer ties to 2.)much more closer bloodline 3.) much more closer culture 4.) Much more further history In other words it was a brash and unprepared treaty made out of indecisiveness, faced in grave danger and foreign threat and you guys don't even have to hide, you would want to keep this friendship between the philippines and you guys have to give the Sultanate's heirs hush money because it will always be remembered in HISTORY. As long as there is history it will always be remembered AGAIN NO DISPUTE HERE FROM ME BUT IT SEEMS THAT THE WINNING PARTY WILL ALWAYS BE THE ONE TELLING THE HISTORY RATHER THAN LISTENING TO THE LATTER.

[@hopelope1703]

@@MrStalkerhunter In any court, the undisputable evident is most important. That is why to counter the Malaysian argument, you need much better proof. Not hearsay. Also, I'm not even talking about any foreigner nor colonizer, but just a simple proof that earlier Brunei Sultanate give Sulu certain portion of Sabah to them. What I'm sceptical about is why Sulu signed many agreements to relinquish its territories to outsiders? Why not go into the jungle and fight back no matter how long it take?

[@hopelope1703]

@@MrStalkerhunter Ha ha ha ha. You are now talking about history. History not substantiated with facts and references are merely myth, legend or fairy tales. In court, it will be thrown out of the window.

[@rossali5434]

YT PROPAGANDA....👎

[@KirbyAraullo]

What do you mean?

[@norhafizah2438]

Sabah was never part of the Filipinos. Why the Filipinos want to take over Sabah by force bcoz of her natural resources (oil & gas). Filipinos are rejected by the Malaysians in the state of Sabah.

[@KirbyAraullo]

Did you watch or understand the video?

[@WilliamTs88]

Well..no matter how much you wanted to say sulu owned Sabah.. well had to break it up to you..all the relation ended when ww2 happens when the Japanese conquered north Borneo…. The reason British came so far to retake Sabah from Japanese..well it’s a war.. so technically when ww2 ended British owned Sabah and then Sabah choose independence..so yeah..

[@mmizeu]

Sabah belonged to sulu and the Tausug people. Malaysia is only to continue the rentals agreement between BNBC and Sultan Jamalul Kiram of Sulu.

[@hopelope1703]

If you say it is a rent, then where is the agreement between Sulu and Malaysia regarding the lease and payment? Why in the 1878 agreement do not mention Malaysia as a party to that agreement? Why in the receipts of payment which is in Sulu possession did not state the money is for the rent or related to the 1878 agreement? Giving away money is not an offence. What undisputable proof do you have that Brunei give Sabah to Sulu? Bear in mind that Brunei (original owner) grant and cede North Borneo to British North Borneo Company on 29/12/1877.

[@edgarmendoza2397]

​@@hopelope1703 Malaysia wants sabah becoz it's not part their territory it's a coloniser land soon it will be part of sulu people 😊

[@hopelope1703]

@@edgarmendoza2397 Ha ha ha ha ha. You can keep on dreaming. UN recognize Sabah in Malaysia since 1963. Sulu/PH lost many court cases related to claim on Sabah. Nothing to proof Brunei give Sabah to Sulu.

[@othmanskn]

Do not be a fool. Pajak is not just lease but closer to mortgage. Relying on non-Malays to translate Malay is ridiculous. Even the Tausug call it Sanda, which means mortgage. The terms is forever, clearly written in Malay written in Jawi scripts. The English version stated it clearly as cessation. You do not rent something forever, with no recourse to claim it back, or even transfer the lease. Transferring the lease to the Filipino government means that the agreement is invalid. Read the agreement in full, instead of cherry picking phrases that only you want to believe.

[@adolphdelatorre3102]

Pajak is lease... and why malaysia paid its rent before it means malaysia admitted it is a rent 🙄🙄🙄 dont worry operation merdeka will continue

[@othmanskn]

@@adolphdelatorre3102Read the terms of the payments. mortgage is also paid like rental idiot. The agreement is between the Sulu Sultanate, and not transferable. The Filipino government cannot claim any right. Understand. Your merdeka action is an invasion like Russia invading Ukraine. No matter how powerful you are, do you think you can win?

[@hopelope1703]

@@adolphdelatorre3102 You must understand that when looking into an agreement or treaty, it must be in the context of the agrement itself. Not your own interpretation. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 (23/5/1969). This is the international reference when dispute on the content and text in the treaties. i). Article 1 stated that treaties should be interpreted in good faith in accordance with the ordinary meaning to be given to the terms in their context and in the lights of its object and purpose. ii). Article 33 (4) is referred on the definition of words which denote different meaning in 2 separate translations. This is with reference to the word “lease” or “padjak” as argued by Philippines. If exist 2 translations (English & Tausug), then it should be look whether does it conform to the objective and purpose of the agreement. iii). Looking back at the sentences whether in English or Tausug translation, the word or sentences used such as “lease in perpetuity”,” permanent lease”, “until the sun or moon do not rise”, “until end of time”,” assigns forever”, “supreme leader”, “Datu Bendajara”, “Raja of North Borneo” and others denote that North Borneo is meant to be given away for good.

[@adolphdelatorre3102]

@@hopelope1703 and why malaysia paid its rent before.. it is a sign that malaysia agree that it was a rent... also even a court know that malaysia not followed the agreement

[@hopelope1703]

@@adolphdelatorre3102 If you say it is a rent, then where is the agreement between Sulu and Malaysia regarding the lease and payment? Why in the 1878 agreement do not mention Malaysia as a party to that agreement? Why in the receipts of payment which is in Sulu possession did not state the money is for the rent or related to the 1878 agreement? Giving away money is not an offence. The courts are rejecting Sulu claim one by one. Wake up!!!!

[@nasigorengtomyam7452]

if we want to follow just history then every country will have a claim on something. We live in a modern era with modern law. once a country border recognized then thats it. Sabah belongs to msia now. It was never philipines and it will never be. move on.

[@TreiHutchinson]

Bahasa indon takde ke .. ??

[@Kommanderabdulghani]

boleh tonton sambil buka seri kata dan cuba belajar bahasa inggris juga

[@yogasetiaone]

Malaysia never Independent, they are British states

[@norhafizah2438]

Sabah was never part of the Phillipines now and ever. The Sabahans totally reject the Filipinos. Sabahans only speak Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia and never Tagalog. So, stop be a dreamer!

[@glennluces2784]

Im getting tired watching your hand gestures... But very informative content tho...

[@Hovite_Wanderer]

Full of errors!

[@Chuiboo]

Wasn't the ambiguous language ("pajak") in the 1878 agreement clarified in the 1903 confirmatory deed? (www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1903/04/22/philippine-claim-to-north-borneo-vol-i-confirmatory-deed-of-1903)

[@hopelope1703]

The agreement between Sultan Brunei and BNBC on 29 December 1877 over North Borneo which is 3 weeks earlier than the agreement between Sultan Sulu and BNBC (22 January 1878). This will deny that North Borneo was a gift to Sulu from Brunei. On 22nd July 1878, Sultan Sulu relinquished his sovereignty on Sulu Archipelago and its dependencies thereof to Spain (Bases of Peace and Capitulation agreement). On the same day, 22 July 1878, Sultan Sulu wrote to Governor General of Philippines and Governor of Sulu terminating the 22/1/1878 agreement between Sulu Sultanate and BNBC. On 24th July 1878, Governor of Sulu wrote to BNBC concerning the Spanish sovereignty on Sulu and its dependencies including North Borneo and the termination of the 1878 agreement. Governor General of Philippines wrote a letter on the same matter dated 20th August 1878 to the Spanish Government in Madrid. Finally, the issues on the agreement between Sultan Sulu and BNBC and the status of North Borneo was settled through the Madrid Protocol (7th March 1885). North Borneo belongs to the British under this Protocol. Thus, the 1878 agreement is null and void. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 (23/5/1969). This is the international reference when dispute on the content and text in the treaties. i). Article 1 stated that treaties should be interpreted in good faith in accordance with the ordinary meaning to be given to the terms in their context and in the lights of its object and purpose. ii). Article 33 (4) is referred on the definition of words which denote different meaning in 2 separate translations. This is with reference to the word “lease” or “padjak” as argued by Philippines. If exist 2 translations (English & Tausug), then it should be look whether does it conform to the objective and purpose of the agreement. iii). Looking back at the sentences whether in English or Tausug translation, the word or sentences used such as “lease in perpetuity”,” permanent lease”, “until the sun or moon do not rise”, “until end of time”,” assigns forever”, “supreme leader”, “Datu Bendajara”, “Raja of North Borneo” and others denote that North Borneo is meant to be given away for good.

[@glennpamplona1398]

So informative. Watching from Israel 🇮🇱

[@KirbyAraullo]

Thank you!