Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions Made Easy!

[@TheOrganicChemistryTutor]

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[@harrolddjani]

I swear my professor probably watches your videos. This is precisely what she said what going to be on our test. And you even should the mechanism (Friedel - crafts with carbonation rearrangement) we need to know. I find this too funny. Hopefully I get a 100%

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[@simonpeter4563]

7:39: 🔬 The video explains the reaction of benzene with concentrated sulfuric acid and heat. 14:18: 🧪 The video discusses the reaction between br2 and febr3 with isopropyl and methyl groups, and predicts the major product based on steric effects. 21:34: 💡 The major product in the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction is determined by the accessibility of the para position and the bulkiness of the substituent group. 27:59: 🔬 The Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction has limitations and does not work with strongly deactivating groups like NO2. 34:18: 🔬 The video explains the Gatamine Koch reaction as a method to convert benzene into benzaldehyde. 41:05: 🔬 The video discusses the synthesis of benzoic acid through the addition of an alkyl group and subsequent oxidation. 48:03: 🧪 The video discusses the conversion of an amine to an amide and the subsequent nitration reaction. 55:12: 🔬 The video discusses the use of blocking groups in organic synthesis to control the placement of substituents on aromatic rings.

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[@reecegeorgens1755]

I think at around 5:51 when he said the ethyl wants to direct the chlorine atom in the ortho position he meant meta because he circles position 3.

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EAS reactions made easy? More like “Everything made pleasing!” I really like your nice handwriting and clear demonstration on the board. Thank you again so much for making all these videos!

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Omg, this is sooo helpful! Thank you very much for your hard work! Your videos helped me a lot with my studies! :)

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How have your studies been going since then?

[@MoustafaE98]

At 2:30, the para position is actually the major product because there is less steric hindrance

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I was searching for your comment like I just wanted to confirm that I think the same way as someone else

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[@noname6284]

6:42 ok why did we consider NO2 isn’t it a EWG??

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[@khaylakhairunnisa7123]

it helps me a lott, english is not my motherlanguage but i can understand everything so well!! thankyou sir 🤩

[@diabloazula7643]

i have a question why is it a mixture of these two molecules in 2:29 wouldn't the para position be favoured due to steric collision with the ortho position?

[@eugeneaderkotey9715]

Great video,perfect explanations,God richly bless you

[@drana2626]

Hey, how does Br2 not attach to ortho and meta but ortho and para, do you mind explaining please ?

[@DarkGourmand]

@@drana2626 I can explain, but do you still wanna know lol

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[@marioalvarez5909]

At 22:55 why is the benzene with the more substituted carbon the major product? Does benzene prefer more more substituted rearrangements in general?

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[@jackryan2365]

two questions, 1. at 43:26 I realized that he's using potassium permanganate in heat and basic conditions to oxidize to a carboxylic acid, but shouldn't it be acidic so you can go straight to the acid, or use water? I was a little confused on that but I get the rest. 2. can you use other things for iodination because I thought it had to I2/CuCl2, does using nitric acid also work? sorry for the weird question, thanks so much for the help

[@felipe-n9t]

56:23 would it even be possible to add a terbutyl group to this ring? Considering that the Friedel Craft's reaction can't occur because the ring is being deactivated by two EWGs, and the other reaction that leads to an alkylation of the benzene ring shown in the video is the one where you add a bromide and then you react this product with (R)2CuLi, but here you already have a bromide on the ring, so you would have many possible side products here(although the product where the Terbutyl group is in the Para position with respect to the nitro group would be the major product of this hypothetical bromation+alkylation reaction route if it is even possible). So i don't think this synthetic route shown in the video is even possible, and if it is, then it's not entirely accurate. But given that this clearly was not the best synthetic route to get to the intended product anyways, it doesn't really matter if it's not 100% correct.

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[@ganeshkondhareiiserpune]

thank you sir it is very helpful

[@SophieSong-vf7bz]

Thank you so much for all the practice examples and the detailed explanations!!!!! For the reaction at 31:41, can we perform Friedel Craft Acylation reaction to get the product in one step?

[@randyliu2664]

@49:40min the protected -NH2 forming amide group, is it still possible to be protonated under acid conditions (HNO3/H2SO4) to deactivate the reactivity of the benzene ring?

[@senny-]

i'm literally gonna go crazy if i draw one more hexagon lol

[@Shadow12aven]

@45:00 wouldn't NO2 deactive the ring? How would you be able to add a halogen on it?

[@basilkhan1998]

RevaN only fiedel craft’s reaction is hindered by that. Meaning with a nitrate group you can’t do alkylation or acylation

[@Shadow12aven]

@@basilkhan1998 Thanks!

[@je740]

Hey, even with some steric effects, wouldnt the ortho position win out rather than the para because there are double the amounts of ortho positions (2) rather than one para position?

[@yograjbir9993]

Stability matters more

[@valeria538]

quick question: how come in the 1st example there isn't a hydride shift to stabilize 1ary ch3ch2+ into a secondary?

[@vctrs5630]

you still get a primary carbocation, so no need to do that.

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非常感謝您的教學

[@SBdunks3]

i have a question, how can you identify if its a friedel crafts? do we look at both the starting material and reagents and if they are both "meta? as in have a positive charge on the atom that is both attached to the benzene and the reagent?

[@favourchinwuko5095]

The AlCl3 indicates its a friedel craft alkylation

[@anjoliebarrios8906]

When you say some substituents "favor" one position (Ortho/ para/ meta), is there a rule for which favors which?

[@myawinjum1554]

Why did you choose to do a secondary carbocation instead of a tertiary with the butane carbocation rearrangement?

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[@lizbethzepeda4366]

how to know the types of reagents to use, when synthesizing?

[@1Ci]

44:45 It should been Cl2 with FeCl3 Right?

[@bhaskarpandey8586]

why does bromine behave as electrophile because it readily forms br- ion ?

[@امصبحي-غ5ر]

In prepared para-nitro aniline if l started with (Br) then added (No2) in para position then add (NaNH2) to convert (Br) with (NH2) this situation doesn't happened ,does it ?

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[@danahareb1852]

for the example at 31 mins why cant we do friedel crafts acylation?

[@vivienneli5532]

at minute 45, how does the reaction proceed? i thought nitrobenzene was too deactivating to undergo friedle crafts alkylation

[@AdityaMishraGGWP]

That's halogenation and not a Friedal craft.

[@simrandhir7790]

When we use friedel craft alkylation in the synthesis questions, wont polyalkylations occur?

[@abdallarashad5243]

it depends on the quantities of the benzene ring and the reagent

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[@ashley95merriweather]

You said nitrobenze doesn’t undergo friedel crafts but then did it at 45 min. Can you please explain?

[@AdityaMishraGGWP]

That's halogenation and not a Friedal craft.

[@isaacdamie2313]

u you cant use freidel craft to add a halogen to nitrobenzene. I see u used it in synthesis where u needed to use nitrbenzene to substitute a halogen at the meta carbon b4 reducing nitro group to NH2

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how are you suppose to remember all the reagents. Lol it seems hard!!

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20:05 isn't carboxylate grp meta directing??

[@je740]

carboxyl is meta yeah, idk about the carboxylate though

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