Transformation in Bacteria

[@ovocow9512]

I think the reason I like your videos so much is because not only do you describe how a process occurs but you also say keywords( words that a professor might want you to know on a test) in context. TYBASEDBIOLOGYPROFESSOR

[@Dalester1979]

Thank you so much for these videos. I am taking microbiology during the summer, which means it's a condensed course. That means every test covers 5 chapters and I have a test EVERY SINGLE WEEK. This doesn't leave a lot of time for explanations in class. I wasn't really understanding TRANSFORMATION and TRANSDUCTION, but after watching your videos I do. I'm grateful for them.

[@littleherron]

I appreciate all of the videos I've seen of yours so far, they have really helped me!

[@cricfeed6452]

Ma'am ur smile at d end of lecture make my day😊

[@cristinacutler5980]

I literally love you!! THANK YOU!! I watched all three videos and you SAVED me for my exam!!!!

[@BiologyProfessor]

Thanks! :)

[@jdavis5703]

really good! this helped me understand my microbiology class WAY better

[@RaviGupta-mh2hw]

GREAT JOB PROFESSOR

[@hannakozak3384]

You made it so clear and easy to understand! Thank you very much!

[@కోనసీమాసహజఅందాలు]

Mam camera quality &voice not perfect plz upload again this topic

[@zaraa5104]

Very clearly explained! Thanks a bunch professor!❤

[@BiologyProfessor]

You are welcome!

[@huseyinozturk4679]

thanks professor

[@zainabalradi2306]

amazing work but maybe next time try improving the sound quality

[@yahyesom]

Zainab Al Radi be grateful

[@gaurang2379]

Thank you so much ma'am.

[@ellolaynuh]

Thank you!!!

[@davidyidana1350]

Amazing so splendid.

[@Alyssafoxyy]

Wow amazing!! thank you

[@Vanessa-vt5ry]

So clear! Thank You!

[@AscendedWarriors]

thank you! you are the best at teaching this stuff

[@gilgameshxdio7420]

Thank you so much

[@عباس-ي6ش9ق]

You're a life saver. ❤

[@phongphong8226]

hi my teacher.

[@Madaraofton]

Thanks a lot. This helped me in corona lockdown

[@whitneyholden3857]

I’m glad!

[@MiryamHamilton]

i love your way of teaching! great work!!!!

[@rasmisarkar6190]

Thank you mam.. U r doing a great job... This really helps me alot...

[@soniasalsabila3618]

thanks for your explanation, but i wanna ask what is the different structure between competence bacteria and non competence bacteria? thanks

[@BiologyProfessor]

Competent bacteria have had their cell walls and membranes destabilized in some way, which will allow a greater likelihood of taking up the DNA in the environment. Ways that will destabilize the cell membrane and cell wall are calcium chloride with heat shock, or electroporation.

[@aidacarreterodominguez6870]

Hi Biology Professor!!! Your videos are very clear, I understood everyithing you said. Though, it comes to my mind a question: When the plasmid is inside the bacterial cell, is it replaced/recombinated or just integrated or added?

[@BiologyProfessor]

Often, the plasmid remains separate from the bacterial chromosome and some plasmids can be replicated and given to other bacteria cells through conjugation (kzbin.info/www/bejne/j6rGh3qnd9hkppI). The bacteria cells can also have more than one copy of the plasmid. It is also possible for the plasmid to be integrated into the bacterial chromosomes and replicated whenever the bacteria cell divides. The exact outcome depends on many factors, including the type of plasmid, the species of bacteria, the environmental conditions at the time, etc.

[@Seaduhb]

Very helpful thank you!

[@aller8506]

thanks you're a good master

[@jheeldutt6594]

Hey...sorry to say..u didnt underline the the bacterial names...

[@taylorkitchen8497]

you are saving me!!!

[@BiologyProfessor]

I’m glad I can help!

[@BiologyProfessor]

Tell your classmates ;)

[@sania3968]

Hi biology professor......i have a doubt to clear.....i have heard that the DNA strand is taken up through a special protein complex in the cell membrane......and athe process requires calcium ions,...can u plz explain about it....

[@BiologyProfessor]

Many bacteria naturally capable of taking up DNA via transformation do so with a special protein complex in their cell membrane. When cells are "made competent" in the laboratory for a transformation procedure, they are often "heat-shocked" to create holes in the membrane. Calcium is then used because it is a positively-charged ion and it will be attracted to negatively-charged regions in the bacterial membrane as well as to the negatively-charged DNA, helping the DNA to pass through the membrane.

[@snehamotavar6664]

It was great. Thanks

[@hishamkassim7144]

I like you introduction and also you video, we are waiting more videos.

[@hishamkassim7144]

I would like to ask you a question please?

[@BiologyProfessor]

Hisham Kassim You can ask a question here.

[@hishamkassim7144]

Can you please give me an example when the bacteria change and gain new plasmid and become more pathogenic

[@BiologyProfessor]

Hisham Kassim - E. coli is actually a great example. E. coli is present in many human bodies without causing disease (i.e. it is commensal). But many strains of E. coli have acquired plasmids that code for virulence factors like toxins that can be lethal. These include enterotoxins and shiga toxins. Other virulence factors some strains of E. coli have are a type of adhesin protein that allows them to adhere more easily to our cells. You can read more about this here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenic_Escherichia_coli#Role_in_disease

[@hishamkassim7144]

Biology Professor Great thanks for your help. But how often can this happen?

[@debojyotisaha2241]

One lecture on DNA replication please

[@SuperEditz-j9v]

Good explanation but the sound 😔

[@AKsingh-km7qi]

Hello mam, Your voice is very low, please increase the voice in your video.

[@johnharper9609]

The sound needs to enhanced. Good video tho

[@BiologyProfessor]

Yes, this is an older video. My more recent vids have better sound quality. It's amazing how much better (and cheaper) technology becomes in just a couple of years.

[@mananvmanan]

Is cell membrane permeable to the foreign dna?

[@BiologyProfessor]

Yes, bacterial cells can be.

[@mahaveersinghrajpurohitnor2421]

THANKS A LOT OFF MIS

[@nikhilmittal4262]

Thankyou

[@jakew520]

That sound quality

[@Haitianpbh]

whats the differences between transformation and the lysogenic cycle

[@BiologyProfessor]

DJ JohnDoe Transformation is when the bacterial cell takes naked DNA from the environment across the cell membrane, which may either be incorporated into its chromosome (for linear DNA) or left as autonomous DNA separate from the chromosome (for plasmids). The lysogenic cycle is a type of transduction where DNA carried by a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) is integrated into the bacterial chromosome. For my video on transduction - see here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/q3urYnptgql2a6c

[@shikhavats8920]

Mam kya transformation same genera of species ke bich hota h

[@BiologyProfessor]

I think you are asking "What would happen if the transformation occurred between two cells of the same species?" Is that right? if so, here is the answer - transformation can occur between two cells of the same species or between two cells of a different species. Even two cells of the same species can have small differences due to genetic mutations and these can be exchanged. One cell can even have acquired genes or entire plasmids that the other cell doesn't have, even if they are the same species, and these can be exchanged.

[@Aci_67]

hlw mam u new vedios are not coming why

[@BiologyProfessor]

I was very busy working from home while caring for two kids during spring and summer. I filmed some more videos last weekend and hope to get them up soon! :)

[@Aci_67]

@@BiologyProfessor in your city also there is high covid rates school and colledges are open by the way you are from which country.

[@Aci_67]

@@BiologyProfessor I waiting for them eagerly till it will be available.

[@BiologyProfessor]

I posted two tonight! More coming tomorrow:)

[@Aci_67]

@@BiologyProfessor topics mam

[@marina.b90]

she is so sweet 👌😁. this video helped me a lot!

[@RishabhKumar-sy9zo]

Do you know hindi

[@BiologyProfessor]

No, I do not.

[@RishabhKumar-sy9zo]

@@BiologyProfessor u replied someone in Hindi.

[@BiologyProfessor]

I used Google Translate to translate their comment to English. Then I translated my answer into Hindi.

[@RishabhKumar-sy9zo]

@@BiologyProfessor oh cool nonetheless u r great teacher. But i think u we're quite cute when u was fat. Don't get offended please 😉😉

[@lybomanolov5054]

OH MY GOD SHE LOST SO MUCH WEIGHT

[@ashishkashyap2717]

Mam pl also explain in hindi language please please please please

[@BiologyProfessor]

I'm sorry, but I don't speak Hindi.

[@rawalabdullah3486]

thank u professor.. it helps me alot for my lecture.. can i have ur personal contact id ? i want u to supervise for my phd plz mam

[@neharikamani4559]

Mai moti ho gyi this pslti hone ki koi ummed nhi thi , bhunger sement sasta nhi sabse acha like English 😁😁😁😁😁😁😁😁😁😁😁

[@BiologyProfessor]

Well, I hope that watching this helped you. Good luck! Khair, mujhe ummeed hai ki yah dekhakar aapakee madad kee. Saubhaagy!

[@saqibkhan-fo6ng]

Kia matlb

[@neharikamani4559]

saqib khan talking style dekho europian ki nakal ho rhi he

[@Won_Joon]

슨생님 살빼면 여신될꺼같은데

[@humanbeing2722]

Thank you very much Ma'am