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When Multisignature Technology was created in the Bitcoin Market:
Multisignature is a technology used in the cryptocurrency market to increase security and control over transactions. This concept involves creating a cryptocurrency wallet or address that requires more than one private key to authorize a transaction. Basically, instead of a single person having complete control over the funds, multiple parties need to sign for the transaction to be completed.
How Multisignature (Multisig) Works: In practice, a multisig wallet is configured to require a specific number of signatures from a group of private keys to authorize a transaction. This is known as the "m of n" configuration, where: n is the total number of parties or private keys associated with the wallet; m is the minimum number of signatures required to approve the transaction.
For example, a setting of 2 of 3 (2/3) means that three people have private keys, but only two signatures are needed to perform a transaction. This ensures that neither party can move the funds alone.
Advantages of Multi-Signature:
Greater security: Because multiple signatures are required, the risk of someone stealing or losing a single private key is mitigated, making funds more secure.
Shared control: Ideal for companies or organizations where different members need to agree before moving funds. This can be used in situations such as corporate governance, investment funds, or pooled portfolios.
Fraud prevention: By requiring multiple signatures, you can prevent a single person from committing fraud or making unauthorized transactions.
Recovery of funds: In the event of a lost key, it is still possible to authorize a transaction as long as the required minimum number of signatures is met.
Disadvantages of Multi-Signature:
Complexity: Setting up and using a multisig wallet is more complex than a standard wallet. Greater technical knowledge may be required.
Multi-party dependency: If the parties involved do not agree or if a private key is lost and no others are available, it may be impossible to move funds.
Cost: Depending on the blockchain used, multisig transactions may be more expensive in terms of network fees due to the greater amount of data involved.
Common Multisignature Applications:
Corporate and institutional portfolios: Companies that manage cryptocurrency funds can use multisig to ensure that more than one executive or board member needs to authorize a transaction.
ICO's and crowdfunding: Projects that raise funds through ICOs can use multisig wallets to ensure that raised funds are only moved after approval from multiple parties, such as developers or auditors.
Smart Contracts: On Ethereum, smart contracts can include multi-signature functionality to ensure that an agreement is fulfilled only if multiple conditions are met.
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