3-wire Inductive Proximity Sensor | How to Read the Datasheet

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In this video, we’re going to look at two 3-wire proximity sensor datasheet from 2 different vendors, Pepperl+Fuchs and Schneider Electric, and discuss the specifications which are common.
A 3-wire inductive proximity sensor is an electronic device that can detect ferrous (Fe) targets without any physical contact. When it detects that target, it operates an internal electronic switch. Because the sensor is an electronic device it requires a DC power source.
Proximity sensors are being used in industry today to replace devices such as mechanical limit switches.
There are 2 different types of 3-wire Inductive Proximity Sensors NPN and PNP.
Let’s look at 2 typical 3-wire inductive proximity sensor datasheet.
Inductive-sensor-XS108B3NAL2-‪@schneiderelectric‬
bit.ly/39pIluS
Inductive-sensor-NBB1.5-5GM25-E2-V3- ‪@PepperlFuchsUSA‬
bit.ly/3g0oDIO
Let’s discuss the Output Type specification.
The output type can be PNP or NPN which determines how the load is connected to the sensor. Although they can both look identical physically, they are not interchangeable.
Operating Current or Switching Capacity in mA is another specification to discuss.
Unlike a mechanical limit switch or other similar devices, a proximity sensor can only carry a low amount of current before being damaged. For these sensors, the maximum current allowed is 200 mA.
An important specification is Operating Voltage or Supply Voltage Limits.
As discussed earlier, the 3-wire proximity sensor is an electronic device and requires a DC Power Supply. Sensor datasheets will always provide a range of Power Supply voltages in which the sensor will operate as designed.
Let’s look at the Switching Function or Discrete Output Function specification.
Just like any switch, proximity sensors can have Normally Open (NO) or Normally Closed (NC) contacts.
This datasheet specification indicates the state of the switch before it is activated.
Another important specification is the Voltage Drop or Maximum Voltage Drop.
Most of us assume that a closed switch will have zero volts dropped across it when it is closed. In most cases this is true.
Unfortunately, in the world of electronic proximity sensors, this is not the case.
Another specification to consider is Switching Frequency.
Every time the target gets close to the proximity sensor, the internal switch operates and creates a voltage pulse.
A proximity sensor has a switching frequency specification which limits its use to measure speed. There are sensors designed for speed measurement that operate exactly as proximity sensors.
An important specification is the Rated Operating Distance or Nominal Sensing Distance.
Simply stated, it is the distance under ideal conditions that the sensor can detect the target and successfully operate its internal switch. Keep in mind that this specification does not take into account external conditions such as voltage supply and temperature.
Let’s talk about the specification called Switching State Indicator or Status LED.
Almost every vendor will have an LED indicator of some kind as part of the physical body of the proximity sensor.
The purpose of the LED is to indicate when the proximity sensor is activated.
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You might want to review 2 of our other articles:
1) How to Wire Discrete DC Sensors to PLC - Part 1 realpars.com/discrete-sensors...
2) How to Wire Discrete DC Sensors to PLC - Part 2 realpars.com/discrete-sensors...
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#Proximity_Sensor #RealPars #Industrial_Sensors

[@ArifinSabuz]

Thanks a lot. Diameter and Length of Proximity Sensor is also very important factor.

[@MohammedHussain-cc5hl]

Thanks RealPars.

[@JBCFAUTOMATION]

The best online training of Siemens PLC!!!!

[@realpars]

Thank you, Juan!

[@antoniocaballero4207]

Thanks Real Pars for the useful videos!

[@realpars]

Our pleasure! Happy learning

[@johnlansing2902]

Thank you for this lesson, reading and interpreting data sheets is hell because it’s usually done during breakdowns.

[@realpars]

You're very welcome!

[@farabielec]

Thank you.

[@jingbell9134]

Great videos! Like to see more "How to read datasheet" about all another instruments, ex. flow (magnetic/ultrasonic), pressure (PI/PIT), level, density, temperature, etc. Thank you.

[@realpars]

Hi Jing, That's a great topic suggestion - thanks for sharing! I will happily go ahead and forward this to our course developers. Happy learning!

[@bitebonumbere1426]

Thanks so much RealPars

[@realpars]

You're very welcome! Happy learning!

[@ricardogarcia3900]

Always usefull information. Congrats again

[@realpars]

Glad to hear that!

[@filimniko]

Thanks!

[@rogerbantayan9947]

Thank you Real pars

[@realpars]

You are very welcome, Roger! Let us know if you have any questions.

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[@realpars]

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[@realpars]

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[@realpars]

Thanks a lot for your positive feedback! Happy learning

[@nilaypatel3290]

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[@realpars]

Thanks for your support, Nilay!

[@antonchelninsky3368]

Thank you

[@realpars]

You're very welcome - Anton!

[@exbngaymai4949]

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[@realpars]

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[@ramondiaz2921]

Very good

[@realpars]

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[@md.aliakbar5646]

Thanks a lot

[@realpars]

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[@chappagiridhar5109]

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[@phuciendj1572]

I was installation your app several minute before

[@realpars]

Amazing!

[@cck0728]

Excellent video. What is the load in this case? Thanks.

[@realpars]

These types of proximity sensors are rarely used to actually operate a load directly because of their low current capability. In most applications, the load for three-wire sensors is a PLC or DCS digital input. As the input resistance of either PLC or DCS digital inputs is very high, the resulting current is very low.

[@cck0728]

@@realpars Thanks for your excellent work. Please keep us educating.

[@mdjabidaraf3822]

Nice sir

[@realpars]

Thank you!

[@oralkhanrakhmetov9889]

That's great! Thank you! Do you make lessons about WinCC?

[@realpars]

Hi Ora, Thanks for your comment! We surely have a variety of course videos covering WinCC in our course library, feel free to check them out over here. bit.ly/2EvChpz Feel free to contact us if you have any questions - we're more than happy to help!

[@oralkhanrakhmetov9889]

@@realpars Thank you so much!

[@ArifinSabuz]

Please make a video on "How to read datasheet of MCB, MCCB, MPCB, MC and Over Load Relay".

[@realpars]

Thanks for the topic suggestion, I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!

[@angelleal3005]

What are some of the best proximity sensors for counting teeth on a gear as to measure the speed at which it's rotating ? The reason I ask is because I'm currently looking for a sensor that do the previously stated, on a 15 cm diameter gear rotating at 3000 rpm.

[@realpars]

The problem with your application is two-fold. First, it is difficult to detect individual gear teeth, regardless of speed, unless the gear wheel teeth and slots are specially designed for this type of detection. The other complication is that the speed requires a very high-speed digital input card and a fast-switching sensor. Not a problem! Hall Effect proximity sensors are the best sensors for this application. See: sensing.honeywell.com/hallbook.pdf. I have been very successful in these applications with a Hall Effect sensor by counting full rotations of the shaft. It is easy to install; the magnetic target and pickup sensor can be installed anywhere along the shaft. Most high-grade HE sensors can handle up to 10kHz, but care needs to be taken to select the correct components. The appropriate high-speed DI card or dedicated sensor electronics with an analog output should be carefully selected.

[@angelleal3005]

@@realpars Ok this is what I plan to do. I want to measure torsional vibration on a vertical shaft. For this purpose I was thinking about attaching 2 gears, one at the top and another one at the bottom of the shaft. I would also add a motor at the top so that I can control the speed at which the shaft is rotating. Ideally I want to induce high speeds on the system so that resonance is present. Once in resonance the torsional vibration phenomenon is most likely to be occurring on the shaft at which point it's most convenient to measure it. In order to measure it I thought about putting 2 photoelectric reflective sensors, one for each gear, and have them generate pulses for every tooth they sense in a single revolution of the shaft. When that happens I can then compare the two series of pulses and find out the lagging between the signal which is the result of torsional vibration acting on my mechanism. I really need to know what sensors work best for my application. If you can share some of your experiences with me or guide me in what you might think is the right approach I would really appreciate it. Thanks in advance.

[@philliptwin326]

if I want to determine how much current can a sensor consume, what parameter I have to choose? the operating current or consumption current? this is for determine a remote I/O I have 16 inductive proximity sensors so if I connect them to a remote I/O and I choose the operating current, then the total current would be 200mA times 16, right?

[@realpars]

Hi @phillip twin. Thanks for reaching out! The operating current is the maximum switched-on current that the prox device can carry before being damaged. When connected to a PLC or other high input resistance device, the current flow never gets close to that value and is usually in the micro-amp range. You would have to see the PLC input module specs to find the input current rating. But, if the prox sensor is connected to a lamp or a fan or other low-resistance device instead of a PLC, then damage can occur. The consumption current rating basically describes how much current the prox sensor is drawing from the power supply when it is switched off. Because the prox sensor contains some electronics, it does require a minimal amount of current to operate. This consumption current is very small and usually less than10 mA. So, when all of the prox switches are off, you might have a power supply current draw of 16 * 10mA = 160 mA. When all of the prox switches are on, you would have slightly more, but almost negligible. Let us know if this helps or if we can provide more feedback.

[@HarvestersDesk]

Used a PNP Inductive proximity sensor in our plant…whenever we turn on motor the proximity blinks what may be the issue

[@princessnice3716]

thank You, but my question is; how many PCs can the TIA Portal be used if I buy it?

[@realpars]

You are very welcome! The license is for one PC. :)

[@blackhornet3459]

Pls make video about elau motion logic controller.

[@realpars]

Thanks for your feedback!

[@donblassvivar]

i tried to buy the software but it said was out of stock and that promo ends july 31. does this mean i cannot get it anymore?

[@realpars]

Hi there, Thanks for your comment! I am not aware if the TIA Portal software comes back with this discounted price anytime soon. If it does, make sure to be subscribed to our email list, as that would be the first place where we announce any great new discounts. I hope this helps- please let me know if you have any other questions, and I'll do my best to assist.

[@TomiBorchert]

i got more milliamps when testing ABS sensor with oscillosscope (swinging magnet back and forth). I would have broke these kinda sensor probably.... good to know!

[@hariharanhariharan7767]

Ultrasonic sensor using logix......pls.

[@realpars]

Thanks for the topic suggestion, I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!

[@umargul5644]

Well

[@akshaygadhari7097]

Plz start scada course

[@realpars]

Thanks for your feedback, Akshay! I will definitely go ahead and forward this to our creator team. Happy learning!

[@gregaiken1725]

anyone familiar with 'sick' model RZT7-03ZRS-KR0 the schematic does not have an 'FE'. nor an npn or pnp transistor. instead it has '[' to left of reed diamond. and a n/o switch. signals labelled as pin1= L+/M pin4=Q pin3= M/L+ and shows load between pins 4 and 3. ive got zero idea what L+, Q or M means...

[@sailendrabiswal55]

Helo sir how I watched your vedio in hindi language

[@realpars]

Hi Sailendra, Thanks for your comment! We currently only provide our course videos in English, you are always able to turn on the English subtitles as that might make it a bit easier for you. Our apologies for any inconvenience! Happy learning!

[@HarvestersDesk]

Used a PNP Inductive proximity sensor in our plant…whenever we turn on motor the proximity blinks what may be the issue