Protein Synthesis (Updated)

Explore the steps of transcription and translation in protein synthesis! This video explains several reasons why proteins are so important before explaining the roles of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA in the steps of protein synthesis! Expand details for contents and resources. 👇Video handouts and resources on www.amoebasisters.com/handouts. This video replaces our old protein synthesis video: • (OLD VIDEO) Protein Sy...
Video has been dubbed using an artificial voice via aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.
Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
0:46 Why are proteins important?
1:48 Introduction to RNA
2:22 Steps of Protein Synthesis
2:43 Transcription
3:54 Translation
6:08 Introduction to mRNA Codon Chart
7:51 Quick Summary Image
Vocabulary in this video includes DNA, mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. This video mentions that proteins can be made of 1 or more polypeptide chains and that proteins typically experience folding and other modifications (to be functional proteins.) Codons and the amino acids they code for are represented by standard charts that can be found in the public domain. While the rectangle chart is the common format, there may be other ways to represent the information. P.S. If learning about mutations, check out this cool codon chart that includes mutations(!!) in the public domain: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Our videos are designed to introduce basic concepts and hopefully to inspire students to stay curious about the content. We simply cannot include all of the exceptions and minute details in a video under 10 minutes, and this is why we so frequently remind people of this in our videos. We want students to go beyond our videos to explore the depth of the material.
P.S. On our website, we emphasize that our videos contain science comics- not scientific illustrations. In real life, amoebas don't look like our characters. Our illustrated cell cartoons are definitely not to scale. Nitrogen and carbon don't tap dance. DNA is right-handed (but there are exceptions- worth a google) and doesn't have eyes...a face...or a top hat...
Learn more about the purpose of our videos here: www.amoebasisters.com/our-vide...
The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. For more information about The Amoeba Sisters, visit:
www.amoebasisters.com/about-us...
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We cover the basics in biology concepts at the secondary level. If you are looking to discover more about biology and go into depth beyond these basics, our recommended reference is the FREE, peer reviewed, open source OpenStax biology textbook: openstax.org/details/books/bi...
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GIFs: www.amoebasisters.com/gifs.html
Handouts: www.amoebasisters.com/handout...
Comics: www.amoebasisters.com/paramec...
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MUSIC:
Music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the KZbin audio library kzbin.info...
TRANSLATIONS:
You can submit translated subtitles here: www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-... We want to thank our amazing community for the generosity of their time in continuing to create translated subtitles. If you have a concern about community contributed contributions, please contact us.
We have videos dubbed in Spanish and Portuguese using an artificial voice via aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. See our Amoeba Sisters en Español channel / @amoebasistersespanol and Amoeba Sisters em Português / @amoebasistersportuguese

[@AmoebaSisters]

UPDATE: Want to see just transcription and translation in under 60 seconds? Check out our KZbin Short! kzbin.info/www/bejne/o4Swm6qug7Ble7c We have videos dubbed in Spanish and Portuguese using an artificial voice via aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. See our Amoeba Sisters en Español channel kzbin.info/door/1Njo3LBy53cOPngz6ArV8Q and Amoeba Sisters em Português kzbin.info/door/YTQPX2X_mXe0ZMPi0fXxbg Want to help translate our subtitles in any language? Learn more here www.amoebasisters.com/pinkys-ed-tech-favorites/community-contributed-subtitles UPDATE: We have an updated version of the handout that uses this video. Just like the old handout, it uses this "protein synthesis" video *and* it also uses our "DNA vs RNA" video kzbin.info/www/bejne/gIKlqp2mp8-So6M . You can find it on our handout page www.amoebasisters.com/handouts --- just look under the topic "Protein Synthesis." [No worries if you like the original version; we still keep our old videos and old handouts available if you prefer them.] Check out our other milestones here www.amoebasisters.com/milestones

[@kalebturner9751]

First reply and thanks for the vid it helps a lot

[@nourammar1632]

I liked the old video better, can you post it again keeping this one?

[@AmoebaSisters]

@@nourammar1632 We've kept the old video up! Here it is: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nmbQe5WGZ5h1q9E We try to keep our old videos up even after we update them. :)

[@youngm3333]

What a nerd

[@TupeDavid]

Hi Amoeba Sisters your video is so amazing thank you for sharing. i like to share this to my presentation i need your permission thank you.

[@musicsoulhaysgrl]

We are college students and we deeply appreciate the cute aesthetics and knowledge you have blessed our lives with.

[@liliacovarrubias5707]

Amen to that!

[@_iamhisbutterfly]

Right on!

[@yaruby3008]

couldnt be any more true

[@omegafeather6254]

Amen for this!

[@payatntall]

Thank u this solodified my understanding for bio 201 class stony brook hehehe

[@matthewkamel3740]

stop reading the comments and go study for your BIO test

[@clarkmantz8230]

Matthew Kamel hiiiii and i already have :)

[@ratthewyodar4573]

you called me out-

[@catrekt.]

You got me

[@pauldior9704]

leave me alone e.e

[@srrentonin9064]

Jokes on you, I'm reviewing cause I am writing a script for a skit about protein synthesis.

[@stayvelvet6024]

The whole semester: I don’t understand anything After 8 minutes of the Amoeba Sisters: I understand everything

[@tyler12733]

fr

[@PawnUp]

U graduate after 1 amoeba sisters video

[@cherylyutzy7087]

LOL yes

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HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA

[@carolynebryan5845]

Me too! Not everyone learns by lecture and slides. For visual learners this is great!

[@alanttaeneal8439]

I’m last minute studying for a test and this was very helpful. Thanks for creating this content. We need this as college students.

[@st4rs4addi]

howd the test go? i have a quiz over this tmrw and everyone is failing it lok

[@ineedabadbleep1557]

@@st4rs4addi how was it

[@st4rs4addi]

@@ineedabadbleep1557 it was good

[@Colin-ch6zh]

tale as old as time

[@quantumnoctemus]

U failure I take this test in middle school

[@chloekilano1305]

I have a biology test tomorrow and I didn’t understand most of the material until I watched this video. I’m telling y’all - when your bio teacher won’t teach you the Amoeba Sisters always got you.

[@Uniyou0459]

same thing here!

[@aneeshd2350]

fax

[@w.i.f.l.p7784]

I missed 2 days and all of that I learned with this video.

[@emmaking8596]

Same

[@teabeeeee]

this is so true!!! i've always cried in biology when i was in 8th grade but when i came across the amoeba sisters, i even watched almost all of their videos even if i didn't need to for the subject yet!

[@julianak7558]

Why has this KZbin channel taught me more in nine minutes then my biology teacher has this entire year

[@Justwantahover]

Cos it's made simple. It's probably right, but when you look at it with more detail, well it gets pretty detailed, and more study, and way more detail again (and it starts to become a strain on the brain). That's science.

[@chikinonfrydai]

Because biology teachers have to go at a pace in which everybody in the class will understand, but with a KZbin video, you don’t have that limitation, everybody can go at their own pace.

[@aarna6798]

I felt that

[@circusactsandparades1081]

Juliana K same fr

[@kurama4824]

You just don’t pay attention

[@meishka6883]

I swear if there was a channel like this for every school subject, school would be so easy! Thanks Amoeba Sisters!!

[@gregorycostello239]

Prior to becoming a physician I did my postgraduate degree in microbiology, specifically genetics (about 30 ears ago!) . I was looking for a video to easily explain certain aspects of genetics in a clear easy manner and came across the Amoeba sisters video. As a Scientist, Physician and clinical instructor I applaud your work. You are entertaining , concise and make,what are often confusing topics, fun and clear. Bravo!!!

[@pyrrhic7116]

All the dislikes are from teachers who are mad that the amoeba sisters did a better job than them

[@megamindvs2514]

castiel Why so many dislikes? There should be ziltch

[@ankushvasireddy8871]

underrated-

[@gnk8287]

I disliked because video bad

[@Neoillia]

The dislikes are also angry christian facebook moms that think science is a lie.

[@vex1704]

no the dislikes are from the students who are forced to watch this garbage

[@babunagargoje1026]

How many of you come only before test?

[@Alice15210]

Im writing in 3 hours. This was very helpful

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Mee

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Yee

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Yup

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Leo whats 2

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You guys are CARRYING my biology grade rn. Thank you.

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I was playing this video for a better understanding of for my college biology class. As soon as the music started my daughter , who is in 11th grade, comes out of her room and says “is that the amoeba sisters?” So thank you for helping many generations through the process of biology

[@weedorgolo2698]

I got a 84.7% in my exam so thank you

[@squidwardsthirdtentacle1198]

That's a great score we'll done!

[@sheetaldeshpande8061]

Wow I hope I get something close to that, I have an exam tomorrow.

[@microwaveablesalad8326]

Good job on that!

[@IncredibleCRUISER]

Good😂

[@Jellytoaster]

Honestly, when she said that she had a poster of the mRNA chart on her bedroom wall, I ,as an aspiring biologist, felt that in my heart.

[@addiemiller9677]

Same!!! I was like "oh, there are other people as nerdy as me!!"

[@pokepoke1889]

No you felt it in your hippocampus and limbic system

[@ha-vg4gj]

I just want to genuinely thank this channel for saving my ap bio and possibly finish my ap bio in a week

[@akshaysins]

This channel is the reason why I get the highest scores in Biology

[@feelmyfreshlyshavedlegs3979]

I'm 17 and doing A-level biology at college, and I just wanted so say THANK YOU so much for making these vids! I honestly couldn't wrap my head around tRNA from multiple text books but this video has finally made it clear for me. I feel like having it explained to me in simple terms at first, which this video does, helps me wrap my head around the more in depth aspects of the topic afterwards. Oh yeah yeah

[@demonslayer3271]

Im a freshman im highschool learning this☠️

[@mario2988]

He said his is more in depth though

[@drxwski]

@@demonslayer3271 okay?

[@SadhuBiochemist]

tRNA is the link between RNA World and Protein World. Ribosomes were probably the first enzyme complexes.

[@elitefusion750]

It's been like 4yrs now, has life changed?

[@julinka6352]

I had a big Biology test today that counts for my exam, and i have to say that your videos really helped me, thank you so much guys!!!!!

[@alibarzegar4454]

loved by the ameoba sisters, ur so lucky!

[@ninamae02]

JuLINKa I watched this video in class this week and I’m having a test tomorrow. It’s good for review!

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Big Ol Internet Troll 8.4/10 !!!!!

[@VoldKira]

I'm translator from english to spanish, and I've passing hard times trying to translate a entire confference from a Nobel Prize about ribosomes, nucleotids and proteins. I have been reading A LOT of papers, classes, articles and more, but three of your videos made me understand it ALL. THANK YOU! I was about to give up. REALLY THANK YOU!!!

[@Niachian]

Is everybody here for finals?

[@piouspalfrey5320]

I'm in medical school, and these videos help me out a ton! I have a hard time focusing on the jargon in medical textbooks, so I always use these videos to get a good, core understanding on these processes before going into more detail.

[@brody2642]

To anyone studying for the MCAT, it's true that these videos can be more of an intro/review but I've found them to be so valuable when combined with whatever resource you're using for content review. If there's an Amoeba Sister video on a particular Kaplan topic, I'll watch the video, maybe take a few notes, and then start Kaplan. This method also helps when you don't feel like studying haha.

[@breezyyyyyyyyyyyyyy]

let's just take a moment to appreciate the effort they have put into these videos. The aesthetics are in check along with quality content. I really like the fun things that pop up and make me smile and even help remember things better. Thankyou.

[@NobAm69]

W

[@GettingBitchesLikeItsCobidFR]

Thank you so much! As a high school student that struggles with the explanation in the books this is literally the best. I have my final exam in high school this year and these help a TON! Thanks for creating such easy to understand content. ❤

[@hannah6231]

I have my biology exam tomorrow and honestly Jesus listened and you guys were the answer to my prayer thank you guys for saving my grade

[@user-vb4eq4vx1q]

How did it go?

[@gloopny]

My teacher shows your videos in school before diving deeper into the subject. I always come back to your channel to try to understand what shes talking about. So thank you.

[@AD-hs9su]

U r literally saving our lives, making it more interesting , clear and easy to understand. So grateful ❤️

[@yeboahsepistles7]

Naa you guys are so underrated! Goodness how do you make 10 minute videos that make me understand better than a whole 4 hour lecture😢

[@daniec7551]

I have a bio quiz tomorrow about this and I am SAVED thank you amoeba sisters!

[@FatUncleJoey]

Thank you for saving my bio grade!

[@clarkmantz8230]

StanTheEngiMan hi that is so same with me also

[@cherylyutzy7087]

This is literally the best explanation. The use of mind mapping here is fantastic. Thank you for creating such a valuable resource!

[@x_hi_x2722]

class of 2024 watching like: 👁️👄👁️

[@impanthering]

imagine being in 9th grade lol

[@yeetersmcbeeters2389]

@@impanthering i can relate

[@thandi77able]

broooo thats meee

[@thandi77able]

@@impanthering i dont have to image im watching this for my 9th grade bio class

[@moshiurbhuiyan7593]

@@thandi77able people are learning this in 9th grade?!?! I'm barely understanding this in my 12 grade class.

[@Passionfruitcocktail]

How did this video just made me understand a topic in 9 minutes that my teacher had failed to explain to me in 1 month

[@saumyasharma4725]

Thanks.. Alot... Tomorrow is my test..... Thanks alot...

[@AmoebaSisters]

Good luck on your test!! :D

[@sjmariplug6986]

Saumya Sharma i

[@user-jg3qh2cq7e]

@Rachael Hamilton not really chill out

[@shushi2p873]

@Rachael Hamilton I'm cringing so hard by what you said. Sharma probably has a reason not to be good at English, like not being american etc.

[@andymedrano1802]

My biology textbook has confused me so much, but this helped a lot, so thankful

[@kholoudhoussaini8495]

I LOVE LOVE LOVE LOVE LOVE how easy it is to grasp the content of these videos through these fun descriptions and these awesome caricatures. Thank you so much for this. It really is a PLEASURE watching your videos.

[@hussainafzal9076]

super clutch before my exam 😆

[@AmoebaSisters]

Woohoo! Glad we could help. Good luck on your exam!!! :D

[@hussainafzal9076]

thank you!!!

[@breadcake7913]

Well how did you do

[@plantbasedbambie3698]

I love how yall are able to provoke emotional reactions from the different little facial expressions of your little characters. It helps so much.

[@hyojinlee4943]

a big shoutout to this channel. browsing around to learn things for my new job. not my first time in medical industry but this is a total new world for me. your video helps a lot to get my head in the game. Thanks.

[@Malak_10902]

This channel is a life saving channel ! I’m in eighth grade and whenever I struggle with something in science I immediately search for the topic on this channel like literally my teacher takes more than 40 min a day for a week to explain this. THANK YOU

[@prathiksha9462]

This channel is saving me!! Science is something I hate to the core! Thanks for making our lives easier! :)

[@mackenziecostner1701]

How could you hate science? Science is awesome !

[@kareemb3492]

Mackenzie Costner you must be a science teacher

[@Emma-te6mi]

Don't say you hate science :( this shit is amazing

[@alphawolf8031]

@@mackenziecostner1701 She didn't mean that she hates science in general, she probably meant that her school made her hate science since she hardly understands anything. And people hate what they don't understand.. Soo..

[@lunarialoonatic]

Prathiksha kini Same!

[@denissegraciano9443]

Thank you so much for creating this video! Ironically, I'm currently taking microbiology and this EXTREMELY helped me! I recommended your channel to fellow classmates! What you do is amazing! Never stop ! (:

[@tracyhouser3138]

Denisse Graciano wait, why would you taking a microbiology course be ironic considering you're commenting on a video like this? I do believe this to be an anti-ironic situation, that is to say, not ironic at all and actually the opposite of ironic XD

[@Dana24968]

Thats not ironic

[@carsonwhite1329]

not an ironic situation but ok

[@noname-dp3gn]

a semester's worth of biology in a single less than 9 minute video. much better delivery too. I hate college so much.

[@blazer5122]

I wish there was a channel like this for every subject

[@laurenmarie3897]

This is great for college students with ADHD/ADD

[@CuyLand]

!!!!!

[@denaaryeh9503]

Im in 8th grade with ADD and this helped a lot with my science summative haha

[@cold4882]

I sat for 3hrs in a lecture and couldn’t hear a thing. Came here for just 8 minutes, thank you

[@louloudaki_]

keep making proteins everyone! you’re doing a great job and i’m proud of you

[@delvarennalls5224]

Omg, I deeply appreciate the visuals on all videos, especially transCription and transLation. I couldn't thank you guys enough. I finally understand and am able to pass my tests.

[@amiya7488]

Ahhh, THANK YOU! It's the night before my bio final and I was so lost, but thanks to your videos I genuinely have a chance at getting a good grade :) You guys have saved me this year!

[@Dans_Galkin]

Who's else here on the night before exam

[@penelopeoneal2076]

Okay so I've been trying to figure this out for almost half an hour now just from the reading material our teacher gave us and it made absolutely NO sense to me while reading it, but this has made it so much easier to go back through the reading with a basic understanding and actually be able to understand the information on the page, thank you so much for the help!

[@naimatasnim7940]

You know there are lots of videos of description on this topic on KZbin but most of them are way too much complex for my understanding! So I highly thank you guys for making this learning simple and interesting! Take love from Bangladesh 💙🇧🇩

[@gokulpradeep9890]

I had my finals coming up and to be honest I actually understood what I was studying rather than just mugging things up. I really appreciate your work amoeba sisters.❤

[@anagarrido5854]

hi! im an Spanish student and this is my first year having biology in english, your videos are helping me a lot!!! thank you so much^^

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Your guys are able to explain complex concepts in a simple form. Awesome!

[@colekena5018]

OMG!!! These videos have been a life saver since returning to college. Thank you so much for creating these vividly, memorable videos.

[@Rayquaza55503]

You guys know people all around use your videos in school!

[@RahamanWaheed]

Just in time!!! Got my test tomorrow❤

[@AmoebaSisters]

Love it when that happens. Good luck on your test! :D

[@kizzybrenda]

Waheed Rahaman hope you did well!

[@travisamason1780]

same

[@hannaholson615]

I love those videos. I started watching them as a high school freshman in biology, and now, two years later in AP biology. Thank you guys so much.

[@arya1638]

damn these animations are just awesome and the voiceover is just killin' it, moreover the graphical memes make it more awesome, allover amoeba sisters's content is just the cherry of the cake, its highly desirable a huge thanks to them for making and uploading such content it wipes out all the doubts of the specific topic, this becomes very important for the last minute revision and clearing misconceptions

[@leahmendenhall8739]

Don't curse

[@Ethyrus]

@@leahmendenhall8739 wait where did he curse

[@Ethyrus]

@@leahmendenhall8739 I dont see any curse words

[@jodieprohaska8371]

@@leahmendenhall8739 dont tell me what to do sir, i am a teacher

[@emilyw.1370]

This video was AMAZING! You guys really know how to make learning fun and interesting at the same time.

[@sauwan88]

I always get confused during biology class but these videos have been a huge help for me. Great work!

[@redwillowofdreams8931]

Ngl my Genetics prof isn't great, I wish I'd just studied these videos on the first day of the semester. Also, anyone out there who's struggling with chem or organic chemistry, Tyler Dewitt and The Organic Chemistry Tutor have your back. They and the Amoeba Sisters are the holy trinity of science education on KZbin as far as I know

[@user-ec3jx9hf2j]

got a midterm in a few hours; watching this to refreshhhhhhh and the animation is SOOOOOO adorable

[@thabatalizethgonzalezgarib8874]

this is the more precious explanation i've received. ever. I LOVE AMOEBA SISTERS!

[@jameswing6296]

When you have a test tomorrow and you’re scrolling through the comments and you see people saying they get it now well I still don’t get it

[@XD-ej6dd]

I watched it over and over till i got it

[@Michael-nd6kz]

SaMe

[@lubright9637]

WINGTHESKILL 123 me tho😂😂😂

[@shaidavis7696]

Man same

[@o0x_]

I did....But not good

[@petiteham5887]

It's a million times easier to learn about the information that's accompanied by an animation. Thank god for youtube.

[@khadijazawar9235]

I am watching you guys since middle school and now I am a doctor. Love you guys ❤❤❤❤

[@amananand4286]

"Your making proteins right now!" My cells- How did you know!!!

[@farahr6650]

well i'm telling you i'm a med school student and this was super helpful!!! i'm so grateful for all the hard work you put to make those videos.. thank you so much!!

[@o.p.guadarrama9996]

I have taken numerous biology classes and never understood protein synthesis. Now I do!

[@macattack7896]

I have a test on Monday (today is Saturday) and I had no clue what I was doing until I watched this video. Thank you so much!!!

[@janedoe2585]

You sum up difficult topics like this so brilliantly, you leave out all the parts that would be too confusing for people who are just beginning! I'm curious; could you do a video on the same topics, maybe a bit more in depth, longer, for more advanced watchers? When I read a textbook it's just so dry I can't pay attention for too long and end up understanding nothing (I also tried reading the biology book you linked in the description box, again, same problem). With your wonderful illustrations I feel like I could understand this on a more academic level as well.

[@alexiasurugiu304]

these videos are blessings for the students, including me. I simply love the animations, and they re helping me to understand everything.Please, keep it up

[@Cici6767]

I really appreciate your videos!!! They all help me understand topics of biology very fast in a fun way. So glad I found your channel.

[@johannamogaard6068]

I usually dislike being talked to as if i'm a child, but for this one it was very comforting and helpful🥰

[@gracecranston5498]

i have a state test tomorrow and am currently binging your videos

[@camyates]

Grace Cranston staar test ?

[@quickfirefly6693]

Awesome! I really like your videos. Can you make a virus updated video?

[@AmoebaSisters]

We're glad to hear there is an interest to remake that one! We just made a poll on Twitter to decide for the next remake to be either that video or cell cycle: twitter.com/AmoebaSisters/status/954440254848675840

[@zacharyyousha5891]

Can u just make a virus

[@jawaadabubacker4410]

@@zacharyyousha5891 Sure, Coronavirus?

[@lalthekair]

Was in a bitter mood about my Chemistry 1 final tomorrow. This video not only summarized it perfectly, but it put me in a good mood too!

[@westfield90]

So much respect to the brilliant men and women throughout history who figured this out without even visibility seeing this process.

[@oscarduddell7020]

This is brilliant thanks. I'm a year away from my GCSE's and this has quickly explained something that my biology teacher has taken a couple of lessons to explain. This is honestly perfect, keep up the good work 👍🏼👍🏼

[@jadeyates3323]

I'm in matric and since grade 10 my bio teacher has shown us your videos and this makes it so much easier , I even use them to study if I don't feel like reading😅. Thank you sooo much these are so so helpful and fun😊

[@Adnan_Khan__111]

Love your subtle humour and your clear calming voice, and your cute animations 🥹

[@paulirosa2075]

These 9 minute videos taught me more than 2 years of IB, and help me study for my exams. THANK YOU❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️

[@CelineAdobea]

This is so well made 😍 appreciate your creations, that you choose to share and to have found this beauty 🙏🏾🙌🏾💃🏽 *Making self educating an adventure of even more wonder* 🐢💨

[@AlohaKeala]

I had a biology final today and your videos really helped me study. Thank you guys so much!

[@jay-cf8ho]

ive learned more in an 8 minute video than a whole day in class, you guys are life savers!!

[@donchabeatboxblad114]

omg i dunno how to describe my feelings! i was suffering for several hours in search of information about rna types and protein synthesis until I watched ur video. and now after watching it this topic makes a sense for me and I'm so happy now , thank u very much , keep going ahahahhahhahah

[@mathieux5535]

huge test on friday this is helping alot. thank you!!!!!!

[@birdy7363]

It's almost midnight and this saved my life, tysm!

[@topnup3288]

What would I do without you, your just a blessing I can't thank you enough for these simple and well defined explanations

[@avafernandez1767]

I LOVE you guys so much. I'm in small animal anatomy and physiology in college and we are starting with the same structure: cells. This gave me such a great review of what I learned in high school! Thank you!

[@RyanRapid]

I am so glad the Amoeba Sisters exist because I was the only damn kid to fail my biology test on Translation with a fat F, then I watched this video from a friend and tomorrow is the official test and if I pass, I will thank the AmoebaSisters in a whole new way no joke

[@shahdhesham160]

Appreciate your great work from STEM high school💖 Really don't know how would I study biology without your great videos💖💖

[@Maamsss]

Hello guys continue being this short and comprehensive. It takes college students 8-10 mins to understand a. Topic they couldn’t get for a semester. Thank you guyssss. Keep it up❤️❤️😘

[@pallavimore2506]

Can't imagine that a video of 8 mins can cover an entire page which teachers take about 2 days to explain.. Simply amazing

[@talynwinters9060]

I’m pre med and have a hard time retaining information by just reading it out of the book…. Amoeba Sisters is the best thing I’ve ever found !!! Thank you thank you thank you

[@rosietheriveter510]

Thank you so much! This helped clear things up! I have two questions though, 1 - What happens to the tRNA after it contributes an amino acid? Does it just float around the cytoplasm or does it self destruct? 2 - What happens to the mRNA after it helps make a protein?

[@johanjoby8037]

For your first question I think it picks up another amino acid that matches its complementary codon and for your second question it either is stored for later translation or breaks down

[@isadoramamikunian7287]

the mRNA gets "recycled" and can be used again

[@awkwardhuman6314]

I spent a good time trying to understand protein synthesis in textbooks when I learned it in 8 minutes and a half with this video. Thank you