Anatomy Of The Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscle - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim

Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes the anatomy of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle.
The flexor digitorum profondus is a muscle in the forearm that flexes the fingers. The flexor digitorum profondus lies in the deep compartment of the forearm.
Origin: the FDP muscle arises from the upper ¾ of the volar and medial surfaces of the ulna as well as the interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm.
Insertion: the tendons of the FDP muscle are inserted into the base of the distal phalanges (2,3,4,5) of the fingers.
Flexor digitorum profondus tendon inserted into the distal phalanx. Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon inserted into the middle phalanx.Decussation with FDS at Camper’s Chiasma.
Innervation: the FDP muscle is innervated by:
• lateral part: anterior interosseous branch of median nerve
• Medial part: ulnar nerve.
The FDP muscle is a flexor of all joints of the four medial fingers and specifically works on the DIP. The lumbrical muscles in the palm of the hand arise from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus and are inserted into the dorsal extensor expansions on the backs of the proximal phalanges of the fingers. Disruption of the flexor digitorum profondus tendon distal to the lumrical origin by amputation or rupture of the tendon can cause lumbrical plus finger. Lumbrical plus finger is a paradoxical extension of the IP joint when attempting finger flexion. The flexor digitorum profondus tendons to the long ring and small finger have a common muscle belly and this may cause a condition known as quadrigia. They may also be interconnected to the separate tendon that runs to the index finger. These tendons will not be able to move independently. If one tendon gets shorter, the other tendons will not have full excursion (quadrigia).
Causes of quadrigia: usually results from adhesion or scarring of the flexor digitorum profondus tendons. Can also result from over tightening or distal advancement of the tendon after rupture and repair. May also be seen after amputation with suturing of the profundus tendon to the extensor tendons. The condition results in a weak grasp in the remaining fingers. The patient will not be able to make a full fist. If one tendon is shortened the others will not shorten and there will be loss of flexion in the other digits.
Compartment syndrome of the forearm is usually caused by trauma or fractures, particularly supracondylar humerus fractures and fractures of both the ulna and the radius. Most cases of forearm compartment syndrome can be treated with release of the volar compartment.
Four compartments of the forearm:
1- Dorsal compartment
2- Henry’s mobile wad compartment
3- Superficial volar compartment
Deep volar compartment: muscles within the compartment: flexor digitorum profondus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus (distal third of the forearm).
Clinical presentation of volar compartment:
• Pain with passive extension of fingers/wrist.
• Tenderness over volar aspect of the forearm.
• Flexion posture of the fingers.
• Weakness of finger/wrist flexion.
• Decreased sensations in the distribution of median/ulnar nerve in hand.
Fasciotomy of the forearm: Volar compartments, superficial and deep, must be released through an ample incision when involved.
1- Skin incision
2- Release of superficial volar compartment
3- Release of deep volar compartment.
The median nerve branches as it course through the forearm. The median nerve descends between the flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profondus proximally. The nerve then becomes superficial distally and is located between the flexor carpi radialis and the palmaris longus. Here the nerve can become easily injured or blocked by anesthesia.
About half way down the forearm, the anterior interosseous nerve exists from the dorsal lateral aspect of the median nerve. The anterior interosseous nerve is purely motor. All the muscles in front of the forearm are supplied by the median nerve except the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus. The anterior interosseous nerve gives branches to three muscles: pronator quadratus, lateral half of the flexor digitorum profondus, flexor pollicis longus. The patient will be unable to give the OK sign due to paralysis of the flexor pollicis longus and the flexor digitorum profondus muscles. Patient can’t flex the DIP joint.
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Background music provided as a free download from KZbin Audio Library.
Song Title: Every Step

[@AryanSingh-ms2jt]

You are the best professor in the world

[@geojor]

another good video, thanks for sharing your expertise...

[@saritastreng2673]

Thank you so much for this helpful video.

[@t-alimichael3363]

When I pass anatomy in med school its going to be because of your channel

[@joshlong1397]

Super helpful, thank you!

[@burndead]

Тhank you. So educational. Keep it up.

[@srinivasaraosirasapalli5104]

very clear and nice

[@hedwegg]

Great review!

[@Brick0las]

great stuff

[@mohiuddinalfarra5440]

thank you.

[@guitarboysarang]

Bestest !

[@rizwanmansuri7102]

Super

[@lesliesaliendrez8396]

Is there any exercises or theraphy for FDP to lessen the pain

[@anseralim62]

Music is annoying