Cyclotron - working principle & construction | Moving charges & magnetism | Khan Academy

Let's explore the working principle of cyclotrons
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[@unknown-xw5op]

Everything has been messed up due to covid ,the only good thing happened was finding out this channel.Thankyou sir ,you always make my day✨✨

[@TheRetroShed]

Great explanation of a cyclotron. I take it we shouldn’t cross the streams right? That would be bad? ;) I once visited a cyclotron at a hospital that was used for creating the radioactive medicines used in radiotherapy. The thing was huge! Easily filled a basement. We weren’t allowed into the room - even though the cyclotron was powered down. Phials of what was basically sugar water was placed into the machine in large batches and they were irradiated. Once done, couriers had 24 hours to get them to patients to ingest prior to a scan. Half life of less than 48 hours so they basically peed harmless water afterwards! Amazing.

[@Yepp31]

😮

[@_rafiaahmad]

Your speech is so cheerful and energetic

[@engineering3138]

Best explanation of a cyclotron ever!

[@PrathamRajSharma]

Time period of every circle made by the particle will be same so turning the polarity at just T/2 would do the job (if ignore the fact that mass will decrease as speed would increase), and increase the E to increase the v.

[@nerimaken482]

Your videos are so so helpful (this doesn't just apply to this one but all the ones I've seen from you). I always add Khan Academy India to my physics searches just to see if there's a video of you explaining it. Your explanations are always straightforward and it's so clear to anyone who listens to you that you love physics and teaching it and your enthusiasm is honestly infectious. Thank you for everything you do.

[@DeltaSierra181]

Your English is very good; if there is a vacuum on the enclosure, how can you have an open exit for the particle?

[@Stronggandwise]

We r talking about the internal structure inside a box not like a cardboard one which has vacuum And yes to re and re create this vacuum this is very expensive project

[@jdvvvvvv5602]

there is a window as an exit

[@lavanyasenthil4136]

this is THE BEST VIDEOOOOOOOOOOOO ON CYCLOTRONIVE TRIED TO UNDERSTAND IT SO MANY TIMES BUT COUDNT THANKUUU:)))

[@SciHeartJourney]

Every high school physics lab in AMERICA should have a small cyclotron.

[@SciHeartJourney]

This a great video! The first question about frequency was something I read the other day, but I don't quite understand it, so feel free to poke holes in my theory of operation; It seems intuitive to me that the frequency needs to be ramped up, but now realize this is wrong. Based upon what I recently read on this subject, the frequency is fixed and the radius will naturually increase as the speed of the charged particles increase; it's own mass will cause this. When it get's fast enough, the radius of curvature approaches the radius of the D shells. I was already pondering the 2nd question before it was asked; how do they get the electron to shoot out in a straight line in the presence of a magnetic field? We were presented 2 options, affect the magnetic field, or the electric field. It looks like they turn off the magnetic field to stop the curvature. Any amount of magnetic field is going to make it curve. The showed a straight line for the proton's exit path. I was wondering if a faraday cage works on the magnetic field. I did an experiment using a key FOB and aluminum foil. I thought to myself that aluminum will NOT block my key FOB signal because it's non-magnetic; WRONG! It does block the EM field. You can try this yourself and see. However, I suspect this is because the aluminum shunts the E-field, also robbing the M-field of strength as result. To answer the question posed to us, I suspect they just put a small hole at the edge of the cyclotron, and put a metal conduit that shields the exiting protons from the magnetic field. Is a faraday cage for magnetism even possible though? 🤔 I know you can divert magnetic lines, but can they actually be blocked with a mu-metal? I suspect they could put a grid with high voltage, such as in vacuum tubes, to give the protons one last push before the exit point. As the proton passes through the grid the potential turns positive and this repels the proton one last time. Please feel free to tell me how I'm wrong, or correct. Thanks.

[@sickness347]

hats off to you man other people are just doing timepass and you ANSWER IT

[@minaria7073]

Thank you sir

[@pouya8221]

Fantastic explanation, you did what my textbook struggled to do!

[@stellary10]

Sir please upload the calculation of impedance value of RLC circuit or if it's already uploaded please give the link sir.... i searched for it and i couldn't get it

[@adanealemayehu5903]

answer to the first question is that its time is not affected by each increment of the particle's speed because as the particle gets more speed it turns more radius and as you know time is the ratio of distance traveled and the speed by which that distance is covered so for bigger speed there will be bigger radius .therefore, the ratio stays constant.

[@Dootsauce]

Since w(angular frequency) dosent depend on velocity or energy it means it would be constant and we wouldn't need to change the E.F

[@xj77ziad]

THIS IS FABULOUS !!!!!

[@devendra2003]

@ Khan Academy India - English please make a good and whole variable (variable that are part of ncert) on topic ncert class 12 physics {{{5.5 MAGNETISATION AND MAGNETIC INTENSITY}}}

[@devendra2003]

support me

[@shrutisharma2325]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/lWq1lHuCiNKgoNE kzbin.info/www/bejne/qXaqfZamoq58eLs kzbin.info/www/bejne/qHjKfH5pYtyYppY. They have already uploaded it, in fact there is a playlist of the entire chap as well.

[@yesh1751]

this is underrated

[@omogboladefalokun]

Awesome explanation 👍

[@anilsurjewala3606]

Love ❤️

[@sameepshukla8971]

During the last part when we are letting the proton go, instead of building bigger cyclotrons maybe we can increase the 'magnetic' field so that the proton follows more no. Of circles thus more speed?

[@devendra2003]

Khan Academy India - English

[@sreeja4683]

Finally understood! Thanks till the last digit of pi, Sir.💜

[@nishu89]

E will increase the velocity

[@srakhi5277]

What is your state

[@basicallyapotato5410]

Solid🥶🥶🥶🥶🥶🥶🥶🥶

[@SusmitDutta]

Sir if Lorentz magnetic force acts on only on moving charge, then how is magnetic field produced by a current carrying conductor deflect a compass? Compass is not a moving charge then how a force gets exerted on it?

[@prateekchauhan2609]

Magnetic force affect another magnet, a conductor wire having electric current behaves like a magnet that is why a force is exerted on it whereas a magnetic needle is already a magnet that is why it experiences a force by a current carrying conductor wire. It will be like you are holing two magnets near to each other.

[@SusmitDutta]

@@prateekchauhan2609 I asked this question before I read magnetism....but now the doubt is no more😆 I have understood the concept....still thank you very much for helping me out💖

[@shashvatshukla]

kya video banaya bhai

[@Dev..603]

Opp

[@hafsariaz6375]

I didn't get how the deceleration is produced due to the field lines going out of the wire?!

[@ShazadaBabo]

Due to magnetic field the protons are getting back while the direction of E is in opposite direction..so opposese

[@ezxd5192]

Could someone tell me at 4:46, if electric field cannot penetrate, doesn't that mean the proton won't be able to enter it because the dee has to be closed (or else it will let electric field in)

[@sameepshukla8971]

Yes I'm glad to help, basically what we have done is to use metallic shells so that the protons can move inside them and as they are metallic thus conductor thus the electric field which would go out and come in is now 'cut' ✂️ so now that field won't affect the proton.

[@ezxd5192]

​@@sameepshukla8971how is the electric field cut? Also sorry I could have worded my question more clearly. It appears that there are openings in those metallic shells for the proton to go in and out. But since these are openings, electric field can still go in, which is not what we want, so how does this opening not let electric field from going in?

[@sameepshukla8971]

Your question shall be answered correctly via diagram but it is a binding in yt comments. Yet I will try to make it clearer. 1) only the rectangular sheet produces the electric field 2) let's say the field is induced by +ve charge 3) electric field can't pass through a conductor so it will have to end on the surface 4) this will induce positive charge on the outer surface of the cyclotron(right) 5) the field lines orginated from there will end at the outer portion of the left cyclotron thus it should have -ve charge on outer surface 6) this way the inner surface of cyclotron(left) will have +ve induced charge 7) this outside field will have no effect on the proton as it is inside 8) the inner induced field will support acceleration 9) this arrangement will be reversed once the original field is reversed using AC source I suggest you to use diagram to understand this and I expect your to know about induction This phenomenon by which the external field doesn't affect inner particle is what I term as gap.

[@sameepshukla8971]

Hope it helped.

[@ezxd5192]

Thanks!​@@sameepshukla8971

[@keyboard8169]

sir add me in indian talent search 2021 and 2022

[@devendra2003]

@ KhanAcademyIndia-English please make a good and whole variable (variable that are part of ncert) on topic ncert class 12 physics {{{5.5 MAGNETISATION AND MAGNETIC INTENSITY}}}