Decompression Sickness - The Bubbles You need to Worry About

[@Ignisan_66]

Molecules don't get "squeezed" to half their size. Its the distances between molecules that get shorter which we percieve as increased pressure and density. N2 molecules are always the same size.

[@sandramargolis]

im still trying to make sense of all that

[@Kam-go3bc]

he shouldve used the word "volume" not size

[@leanneclarke9920]

My brother had been diving for 30 years, last January he dived to 75 m, ran out of air, so had to ascend quickly, he died from the bends. Terrible

[@WaterlineShorts]

I'm so sorry to hear that.

[@hunterchapman4483]

May he rest in peace hope ur family is ok

[@hunterchapman4483]

I hope ur doing ok😔

[@leanneclarke9920]

@@hunterchapman4483 it’s very hard

[@mythical2111]

Damn shows how dangrous it can be

[@Dofri98]

It was probably not your intention, but thanks for helping me study for my physiology exam

[@WaterlineShorts]

Nope, not my intention at all but I hope it helped. 🤔

[@rabiatmusa5125]

It did👌

[@g.s.7218]

Same

[@jbhamm02]

Thank you for this! I'm not a diver myself but am somewhat fascinated by the sport and always "kind of" knew what decompression sickness was but never fully understood the science behind it. Very informative.

[@edgolembe956]

An excellent presentation of the basis for DCS. I am a physician certified in Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine and have treated a number of "bends" cases. My compliments on this talk.

[@bushyman477]

Suddenly, it makes sense. I never understood why Nitrogen content increases with higher atmospheres, but if you explain it like this, in that the existing nitrogen is simply compressed and allows more space for nitrogen, it makes more sense

[@WaterlineShorts]

Brilliant. Im glad thats more clear for you. Happy diving.

[@Bozzigmupp]

@@WaterlineShorts I did not understand how the content of nitrogen increases. I get that with more pressure the volume gets smaller but not the amount increases

[@WaterlineShorts]

Think about it like separate bubbles or units of air. If you have a coke bottle and it’s filled with air that’s one bubble or 1 unit of air. If you take that bubble down to 10 meters the bubble has twice the pressure acting on it so it gets compressed to half the size. So the same amount of air only fills half the Coke bottle. That one bubble of air is half its original size. Same 1 unit just squeezed to half its original size. Now if you fill the Coke bottle back up at 10 meters you need another bubble to fill it up or 1 more unit of air. So if the Coke bottle is full of air at 10 metres it actually has the same amount of air in it for 2 Coke bottles at the surface or it has 2 units of air squeezed into the same space for 1 unit. If the Coke bottle is full of air at 10 meters and you take it up to the surface then assuming you have leave the lid off then the bubble of air in the bottle will double in size and the air would escape as it expands.

[@Bozzigmupp]

@@WaterlineShorts Ah okay i understand, so this video is if you are breathing in oxygen under the water explicitly

[@tanaasad2218]

Thank you so much! This is by far the best explanation of DCS I have seen. I look forward to future videos. This video should be included in all new diver training.

[@WaterlineShorts]

Thanks, that’s great to hear. Happy diving.

[@justanother_mid]

Thanks. Finally found a video that actually explained how are the bubbles created in body tissue in details.

[@earthoceanaction1175]

Thank you for this video! I was very clean and easy to understand everything. I'm doing my Divemaster's at the moment and I wanna get really into it all as I want to go for my Instructor's course straight after!

[@Tyberius1]

this was very informative and answered all my questions. thanks!

[@kornisonkiseli3248]

I've been watching a lot of diving videos lately and wanted to understand why coming up from a dive can take so long. In that Dave not coming back documentary resurfacing took 12 hours. Your video is the best explanation on youtube of how body behaves under pressure. Animation of oxygen and nitrogen is really great 👌

[@jakub.konipas]

Same here, it is a bit shame they did not provide more technical explanation of DCS in the "Dave not coming back" video.

[@allthingsbegin]

Wow, thank you for this educational video that explains something I've always wondered about.

[@Seeedyyy]

One of the best diving-related videos I have ever seen. Thank you!

[@WaterlineShorts]

Thanks for saying so. I really appreciate that.

[@magellanicspaceclouds]

Came here after watching Dave Not Coming Back. This explained a lot that wasn't clear from the movie. Thank you.

[@kaitlynengelland2723]

Thank you. I've asked my dad this question and he makes me so confused on how it works. I'm in welding right now and about to get a certified diver to do underwater welding. Thank you!!

[@WaterlineShorts]

Cool. I’ve often thought about commercial diving but honestly I’m just about ok doing DIY. Sounds like you have a great base to work from. Best of luck

[@onmymind5132]

I’ve dove once. Did the padi beginners course. We went down 50ft and did safety stops on the way up.

[@clarissaayres2060]

Helpful for my physio subject!! Thank you❤

[@Fidizzy]

Extremely well put together. Hats off 👏 just a question at 12:35 you state they need to breathe 100% oxygen. Is there a risk of oxygen toxic accidents?

[@leanneclarke9920]

My brother dived to 75m he came up to fast due to running out of air. He died 11 months ago of decompression sickness, he had been diving for 30 years

[@Konanan]

Wow I'm so sorry for your loss. Do you mind me asking why he ran out of air?

[@leanneclarke9920]

@@Konanan I don’t mind you asking at all. He was diving on a wreck, and he and the 2 other divers, were commissioned to retrieve the bell from the deck, my brother did most of the physical exertion, and used far more air than he normally would. This resulted in him running out of air, apparently he was able to share air with one of the other divers, which he began doing, but then something happened, we don’t know if he panicked, or had diver narcosis, but he appeared confused, and he wasn’t letting air out of his buoyancy vest, and he began ascending very fast, and the regulator was ripped out of his mouth, the other diver who he was sharing air with, tried to chase him, but was unable to catch him.

[@alicewaweru5322]

Leanne, I am sorry for your loss.

[@leanneclarke9920]

Thank you Alice,so awful

[@social-club-fuengirola]

Sorry for your loss

[@rippleguys]

Great explanation. The 3D graphics of the in/out gassing were great. Did you have them specifically created for your video?

[@WaterlineShorts]

Yes. I have this explanation quite often so I had the graphics made.

[@runthomas]

wow....just wow...thanks mate.

[@rottsandspots]

Really fantastic channel - so glad I found it 😊 I have a question I hope no-one takes as morbid or offensive. If the Titan had been found on the ocean floor, their last emergency Oxygen was via scuba tanks. Would they have needed to decompress going back up, given the submersible was at atmospheric pressure? I still think if possible decompression stops should have been used, given the lung tissue and lung cavity would have been at increased pressure from the compressed air, even if other body parts were essentially at 1 atmosphere, so would not have been taking in more nitrogen than usual. Or, given the nitrogen was compressed on entering the lungs, could it have forced its way into normal tissue as it started to expand in the bloodstream? Sorry to be morbid. Rest In Peace to all five involved in that tragic event.

[@cleopatraoatcake7364]

Great video! Makes me appreciate again how our bodies keep us going every day.

[@soulsparkmusic]

Great video! Thank you!

[@WaterlineShorts]

Thanks for watching.

[@KhalilHotait]

Thank you for helping me finish my homework

[@rachitshukla30]

Just a correction the nitrogen molecules dont get compressed but the gap between 2 nitrogen molecules get compressed. Please correct me if I'm wrong

[@WaterlineShorts]

Absolutely right. Thanks, I really appreciate technical details being correct. Thanks for pointing that out.

[@levongabrielian6430]

And this is not the only mistake in this presentation.

[@coleenlyons8815]

Your link for Open Water Course states it’s deleted or suspended, where can I access this free course? Thanks so much

[@rollogic2988]

What if your tank is full of 100% pure oxygen? Would you still get the Bends? Is pure O2 even an option?

[@ZacharyBetz]

Excellent explanation. Thank you

[@commongravekeeper9670]

This is so interesting, thank you for making videos on it 💚

[@WaterlineShorts]

Glad you found it interesting.

[@popeyesailorman911]

Very Simple and Informative Video!! ✌✌

[@alexckelly1]

I hope this isn't a dumb question, but can't we just put less nitrogen in the tanks?

[@dalebrownhill2540]

How do youdiscuss decompression sicknesses without discussing accent rate issues??? Isnt that the major factor in getting bent

[@heroknaderi]

Very informative

[@tomp9628]

Thank U for the great tips 😁

[@cruz707]

Hypothetically, could you treat type one DCS with an ice bath because cold decreases volume. I would think the cold would shrink the bubbles down

[@WaterlineShorts]

The logic is sound but the because temp does affect volume but not to the degree that you need it to. Pressure, as in a pressure chamber, is the only way to go. Now, I have to say I dont know exactly what the mathematical relationship is but its the equivalent of saying "can I push a bicycle with a car in one direction while a train pushes in the other direction. Where a car is like temperature and the train is like pressure." The car would of course have an impact but its no match for a train by a long yard.

[@matthijs3134]

Great video! Very well explained!

[@WaterlineShorts]

Awesome. Thanks for watching.

[@conantheagrarian]

now this is a good video thank you very good

[@JohnLong-t5q]

So how slow do I have to come up. Theirs so many deferent numbers

[@gjduppessis650]

Is it possible to remove nitorgen from the O2 we breath in

[@westonhuffman7908]

Well, I was trying to see if getting decompression sickness makes it where you can't skate.

[@patrickgelinas5241]

Very well explained!

[@filip3171]

How significant is the reduced possibility of getting DCS by diving with Nitrox? Thanks for the video, helped me a lot.

[@WaterlineShorts]

The answer is not straight forward. Ill do my best. Nitrox is there to reduce the amount of Nitrogen. What you are doing is increasing the proportion of Oxygen. So yes the risk of DCS is reduced if you compare one dive profile on air with the same dive profile on Nitrox. For example: a 45 minute dive to 20 meters. This dive is on the limit of the recreational dive tables. At 46 minutes you need to start doing decompression stops when on air. But on 32% Nitrox this jumps to 75 minutes. So if you dive to the limit of either air or Nitrox, you are in the same territory. But I would say that by 75 minutes at 20 meters, most people will have gotten cold, run out of air or just gotten bored so theyre out of the water. That makes diving Nitrox, safer, relatively. Hope that helps.

[@LTDANMAN44]

this video is easy to understand thank you

[@josueamparo1677]

Well, what if instead of compressed air you replace the tanks it with 100% oxygen. would that help with D.C.S or no ?

[@sashimi879]

No

[@RealEstateOttawa]

Can someone explain in detail why/how 100% oxygen flushes out the Nitrogen. The physics involved.

[@viramonica8216]

big thanks for you

[@MsYellowSkies]

Thank you for the clear help with my organismal biology III class. I really appreciate you pacing the speed of your talking. so much better than professors 3000 miles/hr talking. lol

[@niku10]

Question, lets say if someone dive with a pipe from the boat instead of oxygen tank. Will he still get bends if ascend too quick?

[@WaterlineShorts]

Yes. The nitrogen is compressed as it goes down to their depth. But they would not take an oxygen tank. It would be air ora gas mix, not 100% oxygen

[@avigindratt7608]

Man I ain’t tryna deal with this

[@witchypeoniflorallungs3044]

11:03 from bender to bends

[@Wormhole-Bar-Concert-Venue]

waterline website wont load

[@emilyscloset2648]

Mark Powell likely would disagree with the commentary on deep safety stops

[@mythical2111]

So will breathing heliox tottaly stop the bends or not

[@WaterlineShorts]

No it won't stop the bends. Helium is still dissolved into the body tissues the same way nitrogen is. But it doesn't give the same narcotic effect that nitrogen does in nitrogen narcosis. That's why it's used because it allows divers to go deeper avoiding nitrogen narcosis. But they are still exposed to decompression sickness.

[@mythical2111]

@@WaterlineShorts oo same with hydrogen in hydrox im geussing Im intrested in diving so was reaserching diffrent gas mixes and such

[@WaterlineShorts]

Same thing. They are 'inert gases'. The body doesn't metabolise them like it does oxygen so they get stored. But from a practical point of view, most recreational diving will use normal air. Then when you get going you will start to use nitrox which is an increase in oxygen. Only if you and when you get into some serious technical diving will you start to mix helium and I would probably say you would never mix hydrogen because it's only really going to benefit at such deep depths that barely no person goes. So if you intend to be the most intense deep Diver in the world or get into commercial saturation diving then you will probably never mix hydrogen. Helium possibly but again it's going for done serious technical diving on very deep dives.

[@ebanisteriahernandez]

GoPro Super Suit Protective Housing

[@WaterlineShorts]

That's random

[@troytellsit493]

Huh?

[@johnrainsman6650]

I need some advice. It's kind of embarrassing.

[@WaterlineShorts]

Ok. Would you rather email me on [e-mail]

[@johnrainsman6650]

@@WaterlineShorts No thanks. John Rainsman is just an alias (I don't use my real name online). I meant it could be embarassing for anyone to _reply_ to

[@anthonydeluca4565]

Why is there nitrogen in the tank? Why not just oxygen?

[@228_anakagungngurahwibisan6]

Too much oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity

[@Yggdrasil42]

Pure oxygen is toxic to humans at the pressure you'd get below 6m (18ft). So you couldn't go deep at all. Divers do use pure oxygen to speed up decompression (because it contains no nitrogen) when returning to the surface, but only above the 6m depth.

[@abdelghaniboudribila]

thank you sir

[@WaterlineShorts]

Thanks for watching

[@thenbenagcz3931]

So I I fill my diving tank with 100% o2 I don't get decompression sickness??

[@WaterlineShorts]

Yes but then you dies from Oxygen Toxicity.

[@Yggdrasil42]

Pure oxygen becomes toxic below about 6m (20ft), so you couldn't go deep at all.

[@Hazelnutcup1]

Wow, very thorough and easy to digest. Thanks for the video! I wish I watched this video first instead of the other weird one with screaming people and incorrect math lol.

[@sasca854]

Black hole @ 3:19: "Hold my singularity"

[@Urdalymemes]

Aka the bends

[@AffxctFPS]

A part of this video basically confirmed my guess. For us to know this was a thing, other men had to die to give us the information needed to develop the basis of this concept. Damn.

[@killjoy1736]

The only thing my lungs are absorbing is THC ..I think they are broken

[@Leon-fo9mj]

Great video, now I have a kinda strange hypothetical question..How would one survive if while diving you suddenly got sick to the stomach and had toQ vomit.? I mean I'm sure to some it sounds like a dumbass question, but when I think about it I can only imagine the fear/anxiety you would get knowing your to deep to race to the surface and your about to vomit so you would obviously have to remove your reg from your mouth while puking and try not to dry heave or gasp for air and accidentally inhale water and drown, SO....... real life situation WHAT DO YOU DO.?!?!?

[@WaterlineShorts]

LOL: Its actually very common. Seasickness is a close companion to many people. I subsides quite quickly once youre under water but often you just have to purge. The simplest explanation is that you throw up into your regulator. Its like water. You then purge it using the purge button on the front of your regulator and then breath in slowly. Yes you need to think it through a little but once you have some practice at clearing your regulator on your dive course then it all makes sense and is easy to do. Heres a video about clearing your reg. kzbin.info/www/bejne/mqOWaZ2qmaqIadk

[@Yggdrasil42]

It's happened to me due to being sea sick on the surface. I had to vomit after descending. You can just throw up through the regulator you're breathing through. It'll pass through into the water. Less scary than people imagine.

[@engchoontan8483]

today date-time, when glycolic is released from blood-stream, the explaination of symptoms should be referenced by doctors to diving and bends and nitrogen and blood. eat drink things that encourage excreta-excretion and irritating burps-farts

[@walterbrownstone8017]

I don't understand this sickness exactly. Is the problem caused by the body absorbing too much gases at depth? There is nothing that can be designed that maintains stable normal blood levels regardless of depth? Really? I believe it's doable.

[@WaterlineShorts]

The gas is absorbed into all body tissue, not just the blood. Submarines maintain a stable sea level atmospheric pressure so that submariners are not affected by pressure at depth. But as soon as you go in the water and have water pressure acting Inn your body then you're body starts absorbing gas until three pressure off gas in your body is equal too the pressure of your depth.

[@walterbrownstone8017]

@@WaterlineShorts example. At the surface is when you start an inert gas mix. You reduce the total possible amount of nitrogen in your breathing system to less than a toxic dose before the drive even starts.

[@WaterlineShorts]

You could do that. You reduce it to zero and breath 100% oxygen. But at 6 meters (18 feet) oxygen is toxic and will kill you. So you have to keep an inert gas in the mix. In fact the deeper you go the more inert gas you put in and reduce the oxygen. Not for recreational diving but certainly for commercial diving. Your body is filled with inert gas. About 3% in fact. There is no avoiding this when diving. Just managing it.

[@WaterlineShorts]

Just keep in mind, your body doesn't mind absorbing or releasing the gas it's just a matter of going up slowly so the gas is released slowly.

[@walterbrownstone8017]

@@WaterlineShorts no use an actively mixed breathing apparatus.

[@midhunlaljs1294]

thanks for the video

[@devongee1776]

It is dangerous to put yourself somewhere you don't belong. We are part of nature, at its mercy. . .

[@jerometruitt2731]

So you basically turn into fizzy soda pop

[@levongabrielian6430]

It's good that you present it, talk about symptoms or recommendations, but it will be better if you leave the explanations of mechanisms to specialists who know physiology, biochemistry, physics, etc.

[@WaterlineShorts]

How accessible is that for the average diver.

[@levongabrielian6430]

Of course you are doing it out of good intentions and it's appreciated, but out of that same good intentions sometimes come a little confusing or misleading details (technical analogies) which can be improved with prior consultations with specialists.

[@kornisonkiseli3248]

It's a youtube video, not a lecture. Specialists, lol.

[@jbhamm02]

I bet you're fun at parties. Also, what are you rambling about anyway? The specifics of the physiological effects is exactly why I came to this video. Unless he said something that was inaccurate, perhaps you should learn to keep your unwanted opinion to yourself and let others enjoy the content for what it is.

[@levongabrielian6430]

@@jbhamm02 it looks like you have been trained to not think and just do what you are told. Good luck.

[@nihalsinghrajput2085]

India

[@allylondon9579]

I didn't understand a thing! 😂

[@WaterlineShorts]

Ha ha. It will become clearer over time.

[@levongabrielian6430]

It's not your fault, the explanation of the mechanism is not right. 😉😀

[@levongabrielian6430]

Analogy with the balloon inside a bottle is not so relevant in regards of volume changes, and plus body is an alive physiological system with it's complex mechanism, not like dead baloon and bottle plus pressure. So...think about it!?

[@WaterlineShorts]

I have thought about it. I think quite a lot about how to help people visualise so it's understood better. Most people don't pay attention to the specialists so it's up to people like me to make it slightly more accessible.

[@jbhamm02]

Oh my god here you are again. If it were up to you, teaching people how things work would start at a post-collegiate level and nobody would understand anything. Just shut up already lmao.

[@tekksavvy2242]

!

[@DJRickValeOfficial]

Anyone here watching this video after watching Documentary of 'Dave Shaw not Coming back' (a Cave Diver/Pilot who wants to retrieve the body of south african cave diver who passed away under the Bushman's Hole)

[@blaiswilliam]

Come on… reducing an awesome piece of tech to a phone stand?

[@mikemcknight1295]

super expanation

[@BilboBaggins10]

Where do we go from here? The words are coming out all weird where are you now when I need you

[@EYEBALLKLOTT]

I'm sure glad nobody does this to anybody on purpose. It can be so bad the diver who can't fix it might commit bloody murder against their wishes and want to have died before every lifting a finger. In oxygen out of water, I think the drive from Seattle to Californias floor could destroy the person returning. It's probably confused as madnesses and suicide or murder from the incredibly deep irritation that can't be stopped, and the a-liens from the last jackass to beg to be under the name. No. It's a bad deal. No violence gets in. We don't owe iheart or chev a damn cent. They can pay it off. They wanted it. They shopped, we're just bystanders watching everything.

[@ahitler5592]

Your breast is not decompressed

[@justynafung]

Awesome explanation. Thank you.