Ankle & Foot Anatomy: Bony Landmarks

The ankle and foot have a complex anatomical structure comprised of many articulating bones and ligaments that make up the foot's three arches. This lecture is part of a free, 25-video series covering every facet of structural anatomy. Don’t just memorize human anatomy, master it: bit.ly/32kJ5zw
TIME-STAMPS
00:00 - Intro
00:43 - Intro to Ankle & Foot
02:05 - Walking Gait
04:35 - Difference Between Walking & Running
05:55 - Race Walking
07:29 - Tarsal Bones
09:35 - Different Foot Arches
10:03 - Important Bony Landmarks
11:13 - Beware of the Backstreet Boys
11:49 - Where to Head Next
RESOURCES MENTIONED
Floyd, R. T., & Thompson, Clem. (2017). Manual of Structural Kinesiology (20th Edition). McGraw Hill.
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#anatomy #footanatomy #DrGoodin
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Hey there kinesiology friends! Thanks for checking out this video-it’s part of a playlist that covers every major region of the body: including bony landmarks, joint movements, and muscle actions. You can find that here: bit.ly/2GOtjVf
Additionally, check out my Kinesiology Concepts playlist where I spend 5-10 minutes simplifying important kinesiology concepts: bit.ly/3mgKy1K
Or stop by my channel for complete teaching series on strength and conditioning, statistics in kinesiology, and sport science: bit.ly/2Rlg5kQ
Have a great day and remember to move well, live well, and teach others to do the same!
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Structural Kinesiology - bit.ly/38MuIHg
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Dr. Jacob Goodin is a professor of kinesiology at Point Loma Nazarene University (PLNU), and holds a PhD in Sport Physiology and Performance from East Tennessee State University. He has over a decade of experience as a strength and conditioning coach and sport scientist from the high school to NCAA Division I levels. In addition to his role as a professor and research mentor, Dr. Goodin directs the Athlete Monitoring Initiative at PLNU, which provides testing and monitoring services to over 200 athletes yearly as well as research opportunities for kinesiology students.
APPLY TO STUDY UNDER DR. GOODIN:
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[@user-rd2fj3lw6m]

Drawing on the bones helps me see where the bony landmarks are. It's really useful for me. Thanks!

[@lilyrunge1680]

Great intro to the foot and having the photos for the walking phases is really helpful!

[@zanedirenzo5820]

I totally forgot about the phases of walking. It was nice to learn about those again. Also, going in depth on the bones was a much needed review.

[@hannahchacon9621]

Being able to visualize and learn the specific functions of the bones in the foot and ankle helps me so so much. I enjoyed this video a lot!

[@evakoutelieris9550]

I really liked how the different phases of walking was broken down it makes it easier to see the differences in every stage

[@audreyoates3242]

It's crazy that the foot and ankle alone have 100 ligaments! The walking gait is also super interesting, it's something we don't really think about but it's so complex. Great video!

[@ltapia0022]

I appreciate you going over the gait cycle in this video. This is the key movement to the ankle and foot and it is a good refresher from anatomy and biomechanics.

[@BrianaReynoso]

i found the gait breakdown very helpful considering i'm going over this topic in numerous classes.

[@nicolelewis3329]

I really enjoyed the background information provided because it really helped contextualize the movements of the ankle and foot.

[@chynnakifer1218]

I like how you captioned "sorry not sorry" for your tangent! Also, thank for bringing in the fact about having proper biomechanics to improve injuries.

[@user-sd3sv7uq7f]

This video helped to broad my understanding of the mechanics of the foot, we never think something like this would be so crucial for enjoyable living

[@user-iu5ez9tb4u]

Great video as always, it is crazy to see the complexity of the foot and how many bones and ligaments are working together in a small area.

[@user-fc3rt5mq8x]

Learning about the stages of walking was very interesting. I also appreciate the different applications and stories that related to the content.

[@jessedemuth4289]

I like how you talked about gait in this video. It's so interesting to think about how complex walking is as we do it every day.

[@miadenava585]

Thank you for going through and breaking down the phases of walking! This video was super informative and extremely helpful!

[@makaylanorwood4215]

Drawing on the bones is actually very helpful for me to really visualize the location of the bony landmarks. Thank you!

[@calebussery5319]

It was interesting to hear you differentiate pronation from overpronation. It is so common to see articles talking about issues with pronation when overpronation is the real issue.

[@willhopkins4197]

I love that even though this is just a look on the surface, it's still a lot of information. Such a complex area of the body!

[@DevanneyBoyd]

The video provided a great review of the bony landmarks of the foot and ankle joints. It was also helpful to break down the stages of walking.

[@maceygroves6031]

I found it so interesting learning about how race walking works and how complicated it really is!

[@jamarmack9626]

Seeing the breakdown of the walking phases and how the foot moves throughout each phase were very helpful for me to understand this topic.

[@KaitlynJungers]

I found it very helpful how you broke down each phase of walking!

[@mackenziehustead4037]

I found it interesting how each our foot arches are used to capture energy and allow the forward distribution of our weight. This was a great overview of the bony landmarks of the foot and ankle.

[@VirAquinoPLNU]

This was a great video! I enjoyed the walking mechanics portion of it. It’s kind of what we’re learning in biomechanics.

[@chaseplott3199]

I found the different phases of walking interesting. I also really enjoyed the race-walking portion of the video.

[@luciavaldez2601]

The gait cycle allows you to see just how complex walking is. The ankle and foot joints play such key roles in our everyday activities that we often overlook. This video reminded me of how many joint movements happen every time we walk.

[@emilywalker9462]

I have heard of race walking but never knew it was that intense! I also appreciated going over the gait progressions, that was very helpful. Thankyou!

[@graysonkelle3994]

It’s crazy that so much more goes into walking than I realized

[@cameransherwood5157]

the amount of times Ive caught myself starring at someones gait is astonishing, such a subtle thing but could have an enormous impact!

[@user-fj4of3pi1l]

I loved how detailed the video was regarding the bony landmarks in the foot. The ankle bones can be quite confusing at times but after watching the video I do not think I will forgot them anymore. I also enjoyed the explanation of the walking phases. Especially how the joints are affected in the toe off and heel strike etc.

[@brandonkotlarczyk]

It is really interesting how the bone configuration contributes to the efficient gait mechanic. It is also helpful to see the different stages of the gait cycle.

[@emmafrazier204]

Watching the different stages of walking was so interesting! Also seeing the differences between the foot and ankle specifically helped me differentiate the two a lot better!

[@SkylervandenBerg]

I found the differences between the running and walking gait interesting, nice video!

[@raneybledsoe8206]

I found this video to be very helpful in understanding the bony structures of the foot. I was surprised by how much more there is with the foot than what I have learned in past classes.

[@alexdavidson294]

I love how thorough these overviews are!!

[@joyshang5670]

I liked seeing the difference between the different arches in our foot! I helped explain why sometimes the walk we walk is because of our arche shapes.

[@evaozimec]

I really liked how you explained the gait cycle and how our body functions to reuse energy for efficiency. I also liked how you went into detail while explaining the foot & ankle bones.

[@lisahopoi9029]

Walking is an everyday activity for most people, but not many people realize how advanced and complex the walking gait is. It's so interesting how pronation is looked at as something you need to fix, but it's good to know that it's not always a bad thing.

[@kaileyaraki1180]

This is so interesting. I had no idea that the foot and ankle had so many intrinsic muscles and ligaments.

[@AlexisRomo001]

We didn't go through the ligaments of the foot in a&p so not only is this completely new but it's really interesting!

[@PLNUstephaniekhin]

it is astonishing how there are so many small points in the ankle and foot. i did not know this before being taught now.

[@laurenhan0023]

This was a great anatomy review for the foot and ankle joint! I thought it was really interesting how you mentioned at the beginning of the video that no shoe or tape can fully support the foot or ankle! This makes it really important to have a good gait to protect those surrounding joints!

[@emilymerkes8707]

In this video, Dr. Goodin discussed the ankle and foot bony landmarks. He discussed the movements through the stance phase then the swing phase. Then he discussed some problems and some of the other specific bones including the arches, navicular bone, metatarsals, distal malleoli of tibia and fibula etc. and some of there purposes. I liked how he explained the different phases of walking as that has been difficult for me to grasp in previous classes!

[@torilucht5871]

I find walking mechanics very interesting because it has so much affect in the kinetic chain and very important. I thought this video was straight forwards and a great way to understand the overview of the foot!

[@maggiewolf5692]

Having background knowledge in this hammering into knowing this for anatomy exams is so helpul! Makes the refresh sit easier in your brain!

[@mollytucker567]

It was definitely interesting to listen in depth about what goes into the movements of our feet during running and walking. I remember going in depth about that in A&P so this was a good refresher.

[@gabbyschroeter8915]

I thought this video was super helpful! I especially found it interesting how each foot has 3 arches; and together all 3 arches allow the distribution of weight forward and the capturing of energy to be used in the toe off!

[@devynpryor8228]

Learning about the different arches of the foot and how they bear weight was very interesting.

[@faithsanchez7000]

The topic of walking and going through the different phases was perfect review for my biomechanics class!

[@matthewdato]

This was a great review of the bones and the walking phase from A&P! I also thought it was interesting how you talked about different foot arches and the mentioning of race walking and how their mechanics have to be limited to a certain speed limit!

[@gisellemedina4597]

The foot bones have always been hard to memorize for me but the way you explain it is making it easier for me ! Also the abbreviations help a lot.

[@emilyannhively]

always love how organized your videos are!

[@thomaskinzler3789]

The point about pronation was very interesting to me because I always hear pronating getting a bad rap but I was under the impression that your foot needs to go through pronation, so it was great to have this cleared up.

[@sofiawallauch1078]

It was really helpful how you broke down the different phases of walking! In addition, it was interesting to learn about the different arches of the foot and how weight is transferred.

[@thelmasepulveda4481]

I really liked learning about the different phases of walking and how they differ from each other.

[@KelseyWilliams-vr8kn]

The gait explanation is very helpful since I have another class going over it now and I struggle with it!

[@makennakaczmarczyk7563]

Going through the different phases of walking helped me better understand the problems that could occur during!

[@user-vl5yt9uk1h]

Loved the humor in this video! Likewise, I liked how you broke down when the foot pronates vs when it supinates during the walking phase. I struggled with understading this in the past.

[@chasebibbey2539]

It was cool to see the different stages of walking! I was shocked to see how much goes into each phase.

[@laurenomalley2778]

It was really interesting to learn more about the different phases of walking. There is a lot more that goes into walking than I realized!

[@CarlosRodriguez-yt9rv]

Nice "That's Me!" for the introduction of the slides! It's crazy to think that there are more than 100 ligaments in the ankle and foot! This is definitey a great review of walking gait, as I've learned this in my Biomechanics class. Great video!

[@zoiezantua7002]

I immediately looked up race walking after this video and it's definitely super interesting to see how it compares to our normal gait.

[@joshwillbanks851]

This was a very helpful review! Specifically, I had forgotten that the styloid of the 5th metatarsal was the attachment for muscles and thus was why it was more prominent. Good stuff!

[@MaryErickson335]

I had no idea there were so many ligaments in the foot! Also very interesting to learn about race walking

[@JulissanJuarez]

Great video! Thanks for explaining the walking gait this is very helpful

[@user-yx4uw7sm1t]

Seeing this was helpful to tie in other classes I had this semester such as biomechanics and care and prevention

[@Jerel_Q]

This was a very informative video going over the different parts of the foot as well as the function of the muscles. In my anatomy class, we did not really dive into the different components of the foot as much.

[@lucamarin8565]

Were going through the gait cycle in biomechanics, your explanation of the various phases will be very helpful for me moving forward.

[@ellieconiaris9073]

I found the different phases of walking interesting i also really liked the race walking portion of the video.

[@ameliabrock]

Having done dance most of my life, it's so cool to be learning all this foot and ankle anatomy; I wish I knew more how things worked years ago, it probably would have prevented a lot of injury!

[@angelynnthan3755]

Thank you for the video dr. Goodin. It is very helpful for me to review all of the anatomy contained in ankle and foot region and learn more about the difference of walking phases and swing phase in this video.

[@devinito7660]

I will be sending up a prayer for every single bone and ligament in my ankles the next time I trip!

[@morganrolleri9198]

I really enjoyed this video! The foot and ankle is so complex and it is definitely difficult to remember everything but this video really helped me understand it better and know how everything works. The way you explained the gaits and phases of walking was very helpful.

[@user-ft4jt4zm7u]

I found the differences between the walking and running gaits very interesting

[@celinegriffin3209]

This was a great video and I liked how you showed the walking gait reminded me of biomechanics!

[@KendraPhillips37]

this was a great review video! I use to find it hard memorizing the tarsal bones and this helped!

[@hunterlong2817]

It is interesting how sensitive walking is, as you explained, because both too little pronation and too much pronation can cause many structural problems in the feet and ankles. Breaking down the gait phases helped me see the specifics of walking and how to have the best mechanics.

[@emmaforney5084]

This was a great video! I really enjoyed the section on the mechanics of walking. It coincides with what we're learning in biomechanics right now.

[@anniederrick1258]

This was a great review of all the separate bones of the foot and the bony landmarks. It was interesting to learn that the distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as a pulley for the posterior tendons, I never saw it that way!

[@jakegonzales1367]

The walking gait always confused me, thank you for explaining it so well.

[@kieranmccarty1039]

I recently went to Road running and had my stability, as well as pronation and supination, checked. This video was very educational on the anatomy of the foot and ankle and I will definitely be referring back to this. Thank!

[@hannahb872]

I found the break down of the walking phases helpful in understanding which muscles are activated (contracting & lengthening), kinda get this confused so appreciated you "walking us" thru the material

[@wyattcarlson7504]

It was very interesting to learn on your tangent that race walking is actually a very hard sport because of the ways that people have to change their gait to be successful in it. Your image of the foot also helped me a great deal with remembering where everything is.

[@iNoRiJoY13]

never really thought about how walking and running is different based off of when and if both feet are in contact with the ground! makes a lot of sense :)

[@brimonzon1702]

I didn't realize how many ligaments were involved in the ankle and foot! Also, there are so many different elements to walking in the foot and ankle alone!

[@cecevisque408]

It's interesting how many ligaments there are on our foot. I also found the different walking phases interesting, because I remember learning a little about it, but not fully understanding what it is. However, your explanation about it helped me have a better understanding about it!

[@EmileeWoods-ho3qm]

I'm so glad that the bony landmarks of the foot are much simpler compared to the wrist, however they have very similar bone shape. I also never knew that the foot has three different arches, I always thought it was two!

[@oliviashaw3148]

This was a helpful video. I liked the slide on the walking gate because this is something we have been focusing on in biomechanics and I feel like seeing it for a second time here has helped solidify the gait cycle somewhat for me

[@makennans]

I liked the distinction that pronation (or supination) is not, in itself, a bad thing, but over pronating becomes an issue.

[@hannahlien5137]

Walking through the different phases of walking was a great reminder from A&P, and I actually found it way more in-depth and helpful in this video than in previous classes!

[@matthewwadley4348]

Learning about the tarsal bones are always interesting to me. Now the difference between walking and running was something of a surprise, especially due to the fact that during running there is a point where neither foot is in contact with the ground.

[@jadenrea1109]

It is super interesting and eye-opening that the ankle and foot joint complex contains over 100 ligaments. I haven't heard of many injuries or complications involving these ligaments and this is also the first time I've heard that there are that many ligaments in this location.

[@sydneycheng2264]

I’m always reminded how complex our bodies are when we look into the biomechanics of walking - super cool and glad to hear about it again!

[@bellakrassow8960]

Really interesting to learn about the walking gait cycle. I learned about this in biomechanics but it's nice how you tied it into the ankle and foot. Nice refresher for the bones and anatomy too.

[@valenciaanzoandrade5878]

It was very interesting how you broke down the movements with walking.

[@dianalira6870]

This video was such a great review on the bony landmarks of the ankle and foot. There are so many bones involved in the foot. Any injury to the ankle or foot is not going to be good.

[@Chasebowen23]

The Olympic speed walkers is a very funny thing to watch, I recommend it

[@nathanshoup7132]

There are three different arches that are present in the foot. Understanding the bony structures of the foot indeed is so important when it comes to understanding the movements of the foot and the ankle.

[@user-gr6lz9hp7s]

I always wrote off the foot anatomy because it is so complicated and is a smaller part of your body, but I learned in this video just how much the foot can affected the rest of the kinetic chain.

[@emmalynchang1717]

It was definitely really intersting to learn more about gait and the problems that can arise.