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In many genetic studies can be found mention of Anatolian farmers as impurities in the population of different regions of Eurasia, as the Anatolian Neolithic. But who were these people who changed the genetic makeup of Europeans? They, too, migrated from somewhere or themselves engaged in agriculture? These questions have been discussed for a long time and in a new study an international group of scientists gives answers about the origin of the Anatolians, and also shares interesting and unexpected results that include some phenotypic traits.
The practice of farming began about 11-12 thousand years ago in the Middle East, in a region called the Fertile Crescent because of its shape that encompasses modern Iraq, Israel, the Palestinian territories, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Jordan, and the southeast the outskirts of Turkey and the western outskirts of Iran. Some authors in this region also include Cyprus. It was in this region that sedentary agriculture first arose, and reaching central Anatolia, about 10,300 years ago, spread throughout Western Eurasia, increasingly crowding out local hunters and gatherers.
Unlike in Europe, in the Fertile Crescent regions, such as the Southern Levant and the Zagros Mountains, located between present-day eastern Iraq and western Iran, the population structure is maintained throughout the Neolithic transition. This indicates that the hunter-gatherers of these regions locally switched to a producing farm. It is worth noting here that it is not correct to represent the more modern Turks as representatives of the ancient Anatolians, because they are genetically biased towards the inhabitants of Central Asia, and this is consistent with the history of mixing with the population of this region.
#science #genetics #archeology #DNA #history #palaeogenetics #Turkey
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Based on an article in the journal Nature:
Late Pleistocene human genome of Anatolia
Michal Feldman, Eva Fernández-Domínguez, Luke Reynolds, Douglas Baird, Jessica Pearson, Israel Cosimo Posth, Wolfgang Haak, Choongwon Jeong & Johannes Krause doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09...
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Auxiliary materials:
Development of the First Farmers in Anatolia
Gülşah Merve Kılınç, Ayça Omrak, Füsun Özer, Jan Storå, Mattias Jakobsson, Anders Götherström DOI: 10.1016 / j.cub.2016.05.05
Earliest evidence of dental caries manipulation in the late upper palaeolithic
Gregorio Oxilia, Marco Peresani, Matteo Romandini, Chiara Matteucci, Cynthianne Debono Spiteri, Amanda G. Henry, Dieter Schulz, Will Archer doi.org/10.1038/srep12150
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