This very bad content WARNING 1. There are a CuKa1 and CuKa2 radiatorn 2. No compensarion for the instrumental broadening,
@SAYPhysics11 ай бұрын
For a refined treatment, you're right. In the same playlist, you may find the instrumental broadening as follows; kzbin.info/www/bejne/qoDCl6WMgd2gqck And kzbin.info/www/bejne/aGSbqoBmhMyUfpo Thanks
@Hafizsajjad77 Жыл бұрын
Assalamo allikum sir! kindly provide the link of paper you mention at 2:06 .
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
This is the doi of the article. If you can't download it, let me know at sayphysics@gmail.com. Thanks dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889878012844
@ph_ahmedali22072 ай бұрын
Please sir we see that from TEM mean particle size have low magnitude compared with the value of crystal size … so does particles size smaller than crystal size or inverse please shown me this problem
@SAYPhysics2 ай бұрын
The smaller mean particle size from TEM compared to crystal size could be due to differences in measurement techniques, where TEM measures actual particle size, and XRD measures crystallite size. Factors like particle aggregation, polycrystallinity, surface effects, and differences in sample preparation or calibration can also contribute to this discrepancy. If you have more details on the measurements, I can offer more specific insights. Thanks
@ph_ahmedali22072 ай бұрын
I used a pulsed laser in 5 ml of distilled water and deposited the colloidal solution on small pieces of silicon for the purpose of performing an XRD test. I performed a TEM of the solution and the results were as I indicated. There is a difference between the TEM and XRD values with respect to the crystal size and particle size, noting that the targets were silver and gold. @@SAYPhysics
@SNTOfficial_786 Жыл бұрын
What would be K for tetragonal particle??
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
k is a dimensionless shape factor (typically around 0.9). The value of k in the Scherrer equation is not dependent on the type of Bravais lattice. It is a constant that depends on the shape of the crystalline domains and the instrument used. In practice, k is often determined experimentally by measuring the size of well-characterized standard samples with known crystallite sizes. Thanks
@nstechcreators Жыл бұрын
Sir kindly provide the link for suggested article
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
This is the DOI of the article. If you can't download it, let me know at sayphysics@gmail.com. Thanks dx .doi.org/10.1107/s0021889878012844
@basavajyothi89 Жыл бұрын
As a beginner in research field ur videos are very helpful for me, thank u for all your videos 😊
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. You may share them with others 🙂. Thanks
@manashjyotidas37486 ай бұрын
Sir how u converted radian(0.23779) please help
@SAYPhysics6 ай бұрын
In the Scherrer equation, the angle is to be in degrees. The value we get form OriginPro is in radians. As we know that Excel by default calculates angle in radians so we apply radian again to eventually get the value in degrees. Thanks
@manashjyotidas37486 ай бұрын
@@SAYPhysics thanks for the explanation
@SAYPhysics6 ай бұрын
@manashjyotidas3748 you're welcome dear
@SNTOfficial_786 Жыл бұрын
Sir, our Xc value is 30.21472 and FWHM is 0.93755 And divided xc/2 than cos is 15.107 and Cos(15.107) = -0.82 What should do now?? It's giving a negative value
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Please use the Excel template which is provided in the video description. It will do all the calculations for you. Thanks
@abhishekkj96642 жыл бұрын
How do you assign error valuation for the average crystallite size ? Assuming contribution from instrument and strain be ignored, what is the error contribution from FWHM ?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
As you know, different peaks have been taken into account instead of the very intense peak only. The average crystallite size covers many contributing factors. Thanks
@aymenfarhi14255 ай бұрын
salam alaykom, I don't get the two tables in left of page, how can get them to read FWHM please ?
@SAYPhysics5 ай бұрын
In the data worksheet, there comes two extra sheets after fitting, click the first to see the tables. Thanks
@aymenfarhi14254 ай бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Thank you brother
@SAYPhysics4 ай бұрын
@aymenfarhi1425 you're welcome dear
@the_rare_soul Жыл бұрын
Sir, when we take cos theta...do we need to take half of 2 theta..but in the video, you directly take 2theta value to the following step.
@the_rare_soul Жыл бұрын
Also , rad to degree conversion is incorrect ..need to multiply with pi and divide with 180
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
In the vIdeo description, I have attached an Excel file, where all calculations are being done. Thanks
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Here, Origin gives the value in radian and in the Scherrer equation we need it in degrees,, so in Excel template, which is available in the video description , we convert it into degrees. Whatever calculations you are saying, Excel is doing it itself. Use the provided template for calculations, please. Thanks
@peterndungu36152 жыл бұрын
Awesome video. Where can I download winXpow software?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. You'll have to purchase it or some universities provide it.
@peterndungu36152 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Thank you for the information.
@lakhichetry37333 күн бұрын
Sir can we get any idea of size of a nanoparticles using powder XRD.
@lakhichetry37333 күн бұрын
I know sem and tem will give me proper result... But any rough idea about size of nanoparticles using XRD data
@SAYPhysics3 күн бұрын
I'll respond to this in your next question. Thanks
@SAYPhysics3 күн бұрын
XRD can only give you the crystallite size that can be related with the TEM. The size of NPs can be estimated from uv vis absorption data in case of metal or metal oxide NPs. The following videos can help you estimate the sizes. Thanks 😊 kzbin.info/www/bejne/oaW7apieetuLjbM kzbin.info/www/bejne/nIK3hmBrnNl2ibM
@lakhichetry37333 күн бұрын
@@SAYPhysics thank you sir
@SAYPhysics3 күн бұрын
@lakhichetry3733 you're welcome dear
@fauzanaufama3280 Жыл бұрын
how to interpereted clay mineral too ?
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Clay mineral XRD is a separate field. You may watch my video tutorial on XRD via the following link. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/qGKofIWci5mNiMk
@aqibaziz17922 жыл бұрын
Thanku sir.. but I have a question that how crystallite size affect the properties of a material and which one is better, a small crystallite size or large? Thank you
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
I don't know which properties you're interested in. Let me say few things generally. The smaller the crystallite size, the more efficient the sintering (lower possible sintering temperature). However, the drying and firing shrinkage will be very high. The hardness of a material increases as the crystallite size decreases. Thanks
@tanyaramsail9349 Жыл бұрын
How to select the particular peak?
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
At time stamp 05:55 in this video, I have explained how to select a given peak. Thanks
@장현석-f9j4 ай бұрын
Thank you so much, sir. I have two question about crystallite size. 1. Why scherrer equation is valid for crystallite size up to 200 nm?? 2. If crystallite size larger than 200 nm, how to calculate crystallite size??
@SAYPhysics4 ай бұрын
Thank you for watching the tutorial! Great questions. 1. The Scherrer equation is often considered valid up to 200 nm because it assumes a uniform distribution of crystallites and does not account for factors like strain or defects. Beyond 200 nm, other factors start to become significant, potentially affecting the accuracy of the Scherrer equation. 2. For crystallite sizes larger than 200 nm, alternative methods such as electron microscopy or small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can be more appropriate. These techniques offer higher resolution and can provide more accurate measurements for larger crystallites. Feel free to explore these options based on the size range you're working with.
@traveltreetaotao Жыл бұрын
Hi Sir, thanks for your video, but how to get cos(44.95887/2) to 0.924016? I calculated cos(44.95887/2) with excel is -0.883138 ? can you explain ? thank you.
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
It seems there might be a misunderstanding in the way Excel is handling the angle measurement. In trigonometry, the angle is typically measured in radians, not degrees. When you calculate cos(44.95887/2) in Excel, it is interpreting the angle as degrees unless you explicitly specify it to be in radians. To get the correct result, you should convert the angle to radians before calculating the cosine. Here's the correct way to do it: Convert 44.95887 degrees to radians: Angle in radians = 44.95887 * (π / 180) Angle in radians ≈ 0.78539816339 radians Now, calculate the cosine of half the angle: cos(44.95887/2) ≈ cos(0.78539816339) Using a calculator or Excel (making sure the mode is set to radians), you should get: cos(44.95887/2) ≈ 0.924016 (rounded to 6 decimal places) So, the correct value for cos(44.95887/2) is approximately 0.924016, not -0.883138. The negative value you obtained might have been a result of using degrees instead of radians. Thanks
@qaneetayounas50902 жыл бұрын
sir please also share link how calculate the texture coefficient via XRD??
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Good suggestion. Noted with thanks 👍
@qaneetayounas50902 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics yes sir..thanks...sir please work on it and share yours efforts ....
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Sure. Thanks
@arjunkrishna48153 жыл бұрын
sir can you define what is microstrain in simple words?
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Here, I have explained microstrain in details. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/pYbae6N9qdyCjM0
@somtirthadas66105 ай бұрын
Sir if lambda is in angstrom the crystallite size is also in angstrom isnt it?
@SAYPhysics5 ай бұрын
It doesn't matter if we use Angstrom or nanometer, provided the dimensions are accurate. Thanks 😊
@somtirthadas66105 ай бұрын
@@SAYPhysics thank you sir
@SAYPhysics5 ай бұрын
You're welcome dear
@최가인-g2t6 ай бұрын
감사합니다. 당신이 내 구세주입니다.
@SAYPhysics6 ай бұрын
감사합니다.
@muhammadsahil64372 жыл бұрын
thank you sir for this video.. but I have one objection. you wrongly explained the grain. Grain size can not be calculated through XRD. Grain size is the pattern size that we can observe through TEM or SEM. we assume that pattern as Grain. and then we compare this grain size with crystallite size. And consider this pattern approximately equal to crystallite size. Conclusion: crystallite size calculates through XRD and grain size calculates through TEM OR SEM study.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your input dear. I haven't calculated grain size but the crystallite size. I have explained the difference between crystallite and grain size clearly. I'll appreciate to watch the tutorial carefully and thoroughly instead of jumping to a wrong conclusion. Thanks
@arthurgonzaga10272 жыл бұрын
@SAYPhysics why do you use 𝜽 Bragg’s angle in degrees? 𝜽 Bragg’s angle in Scherrer formule should be in radians as beta?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
You're right for β to be in radian, while 𝜽 is to be in degrees. I've confirmed it through literature as well as the modern software (like Highscore etc.) are using the same to calculate the crystallite size. Thanks
@omsri-science3 жыл бұрын
Precisely explained, thank you so much. Wishing the best for you, sir! :)
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear
@sunandobanerjee7665 Жыл бұрын
WHY THR FWHM VALUE IS NOT SHOWING, OTHER VALUES LIKE Y X W ARE SHOWING BUT NOT FWHM, I FOLLOWED SIMILIAR PROCEDURE.
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
After fitting, it generates the table and an extra sheet to the data in which you have all the parameters including FWHM. Thanks
@TheTedgwada7 ай бұрын
Thanks for the Video. Can you explain me why are you ignoring the broadening of the instrument ?
@SAYPhysics7 ай бұрын
Thanks for watching the tutorial! In that specific video, I focused on crystallite size calculation. If you're interested in instrument broadening, check out the complete series at [kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZoG4hXVmfs2fjdk&pp=iAQB]. It covers various aspects of XRD data analysis.
@qaneetayounas50902 жыл бұрын
sir please share the video how to calculate the intrumental broadning of XRD?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Here are the videos kzbin.info/www/bejne/qoDCl6WMgd2gqck kzbin.info/www/bejne/aGSbqoBmhMyUfpo
@kalaipriyaaesthetics40422 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir for clarifications on grain vs particle. I wat to know why we took Beta is in radians and cos theta in degrees?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. Theta is the goniometer angle, plotted as 2theta on the x-axis, which is in degrees as we move it around the sample. While beta is the measure of fwhm, which by its equation in radians. These are as per literature, whose references are provided in the video description. Thanks
@mohamedsadik77083 жыл бұрын
How do you convert the FWHM value to radian on the calculator?
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
One radian = 180/ PI degrees and one degree = PI /180 radians. Therefore to convert a certain number of degrees in to radians, multiply the number of degrees by PI /180 (for example, 90º = 90 × PI /180 radians = PI /2). Thanks
@michipiscitelli Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much. I would like to know how to claculate size around 0.5 nm, Do you have a paper with that information? Thank for that
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. There's an upper limit to the Scherrer's equation only. I'm sorry, I don't have any ready reference where calculations have been made for 0.5 nm or less. If I came across one, I'll let you know. Thanks
@王品翔-n2x2 жыл бұрын
something wrong with your excel. equation of D is gone. can you fix it, thank you.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
I rechecked. It's OK. If you mention specifically what is wrong with it, I'll address that. Thanks
@dailyquotesforeveryone2 жыл бұрын
i have origin 2022 pro and when i click on ok i do not see this complete data sheet as you got in the video instead i am getting that small grey box only
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
I can't say anything blindly. You may send the screen recorded video at sayphysics@gmail.com. I'll respond to that. Thanks
@ANILKUMAR-bs8gz10 ай бұрын
Thanks alot sir
@SAYPhysics10 ай бұрын
You're welcome dear
@XXKASRXX2 жыл бұрын
If I have a composite material, the x-ray wavelength will be the sum of the components at that material??
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
The incident wavelength of X-ray is of the machine, independent of the nature of a material being characterized. Thanks
@saltanatauyez6112 жыл бұрын
I don't understand, how you converted radian to number? i mean could you explain how radian(0,23779) is (0,004150218) for example, my data is radian(0,21594) how much it will be like number?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
In the video description, I have attached an Excel file in which all these calculations are being done. Please note that Excel calculate the value by default in radian, so to have it in degrees, we take its radian again. Thanks
@saltanatauyez6112 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Thank you very much!
@hichembenz16082 жыл бұрын
Hello Sir, I sow other videos they radians not degree for bragg position , wich one is correct
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
The one that I did is correct as I confirmed it from an extensive literature. Thanks
@egodiobikezie24503 жыл бұрын
pls Sir, how can I get the originPro crack version free from virus thank you
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
You may search, but to be on safe side, buy it please. Thanks
@karimjaved9649 Жыл бұрын
Sir how we find limit of detection and limit of quantification in orign....
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
To find the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) in OriginLab, you can follow these steps: Prepare your data: Ensure that you have experimental data with a series of known concentrations of your analyte or target compound. Create a calibration curve: Plot the signal response (e.g., peak area, intensity, absorbance) against the corresponding concentrations of your standards. You can use regression analysis to fit a curve to your data points. OriginLab provides various regression models such as linear, polynomial, exponential, etc., which you can choose based on your data. Determine the LOD: The LOD is typically defined as the concentration at which the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is above a certain threshold (commonly 3:1 or 2:1). To calculate the LOD, you need to estimate the noise level of your data. You can select a region of the baseline or noise in your data and determine its standard deviation (SD) or root mean square (RMS) value. a. Select a region of the baseline or noise in your calibration curve. b. Calculate the SD or RMS value of the selected region. c. Determine the LOD using the formula: LOD = (SD or RMS of noise) × (S/N threshold). Determine the LOQ: The LOQ is typically defined as the concentration at which the S/N is higher than a certain threshold (commonly 10:1 or 3:1). To calculate the LOQ, you can follow similar steps as for LOD: a. Select a region of the baseline or noise in your calibration curve. b. Calculate the SD or RMS value of the selected region. c. Determine the LOQ using the formula: LOQ = (SD or RMS of noise) × (S/N threshold). OriginLab provides various analysis tools to calculate the regression parameters, determine the noise level, and perform the calculations mentioned above. You can refer to the OriginLab documentation or help resources specific to your version of the software for detailed instructions on using these tools and functions. Thanks
@karimjaved9649 Жыл бұрын
Sir how we find slope ,R² value , standard deviation in orign.....
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
The following tutorial is explaining about your queries. There are even more in the playlist. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/h3a2mmWaebehqNk
@md.joherulalamchanchal632 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the video. In my case, it is showing "Fit did not converge. Maximum iteration setting of 400 was reached" COD9R^2 =n 0.38 only. what could be the reason?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. It seems that you have fitting issues with your peak(s). I'll suggest you to watch the videos in the playlist to best fit your peaks. Thanks kzbin.info/aero/PLeWSImvDbplc5W0ru6UNKcq6tEJsYxPmY
@fermionicphysicsbyshakilag522 жыл бұрын
Respected sir can you please share this xrd data ,thanks in anticipation
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Yes. The data is in the file which has already been shared in the video description. Thanks
@나이고2 жыл бұрын
Thanks sir, too!! but, I also wonder how to calculate the radian(0.23779). In other words, how could it conversion from radian(0.23779) to 0.004150218 value.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Excel calculate the value in radian by default. So if we take its double radian, we'll get our required value in degrees. Thanks
@shreyaskarthikeya78228 ай бұрын
I couldnt select the curve at 5:51 can someone help
@SAYPhysics8 ай бұрын
It is a simple thing to do, let me know which version of Origin you're using so that I can guide you accordingly. Thanks
@shreyaskarthikeya78228 ай бұрын
@@SAYPhysics its the latest one, origin 2024., since I couldn't select the graph gaussian function was throwing a straight line
@SAYPhysics8 ай бұрын
Good to know that you resolved the issue yourself. Thanks
@chellapparajamani8762 жыл бұрын
Very useful in my ph. D sir. Put up the video vickers microhardness testing. How I calculated meyers index n value.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
There's a formula for the Vicker's hardness in which you use the diagonal lengths of the microindentation. I'll try to include it in the tutorial series. Thanks
@fazalurrehman9446 Жыл бұрын
well explain but plz also tell me about that how you convert beta value which is in radian into another value
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
The value of beta is provided by origin in radian which I have converted into degrees as per requirements of the equation. Please check in the video description the Excel file in which I have done the calculations you can see in the file that when you take radian of a radian value then it is converted into degrees. Thanks
@tamizhchemist2 жыл бұрын
Radian( 0.23779) how it's comes to 0.0043 something
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Please keep in mind that Excel calculate it in radian by default. To get the value in degrees, I have taken its double radian. Thanks
@tamizhchemist2 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir how u get double radian value
@kryptic90562 жыл бұрын
thank you so much. You're helping me more than my supervisor.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear ☺️
@sumbulz7682 жыл бұрын
Excellent video and excellent explanation..one question though ..why didnt u take xray wavelength in nm in sherrer equation ..ur answer was in nm but xray wavelength was in angstrom
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. Answer will remain the same. If you convert it first from angstrom to nm or later. From the machine specs, we get it in angstrom. Thanks
@LearnMathwithZain3 жыл бұрын
Great work Sir #LearnMathwithZain
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Thanks dear
@siddigmohieldein72852 жыл бұрын
If my particle in range of 100 micro can I use it to calculate the crystal size? Also if I have 2 or 3 compounds in one material can I calculate the size for all together?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
I have explained that crystallite, grain and particle size are different things. Yes, you can calculate the crystallite size. Thanks
@aleksandralaska37672 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this video! I have a question - is it possible that if the grains become smaller, the crystallites grow? In my studies, during the processing of aluminium sheets, the grains are much smaller after the process, but the crystallites are larger. Is it possible?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Grain is either a single crystalline or polycrystalline material, and is present either in bulk or thin film form. During the processing, smaller crystallites come closer and grow to become larger due to kinetics. Therefore, in the most likely scenario, the grain is larger than a crystallite. Thanks
@learningwithmajid8503 жыл бұрын
amazing sir jazakALLAH,,keep it sir and thnx
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear
@friendlydango2 жыл бұрын
I have a question. Does the peak heights represent the relative amount of those size crystallites? If so, then shouldn't taking a _weighted_ average yield a more accurate answer?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
If all the weights are equal, then the weighted mean is the same as the arithmetic mean. The facts is, as different peaks represent the same crystallites but their different planar orientations, so, both the averages will give the same result. Thanks
@ZaidLHadi2 жыл бұрын
Genius
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks 👍
@brilliantedutech1629 Жыл бұрын
Super clearly presented
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@sanianaseer25222 жыл бұрын
Good explaination. where can i get similar sort of excel sheet for hexagonal system?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
In the description of the video you can find the Excel file. For a hexagonal structure, you may find structural equations in the literature. Thanks for the appreciation dear.
@siskabudi4593 жыл бұрын
I want to ask sir, Is Deby Scherer crystal size 1 dimensional? because it has units of nm
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
It's a diameter of a crystallite not length. Thanks
@JorgeOliveira-li9lr2 жыл бұрын
Nice explanation! Shouldn't we consider the weighted arithmetic average? As the peaks have different intensities, they contribute differently in the average.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Somehow you're right Oliveira. Let me elaborate what do you mean actually. The weighted arithmetic mean is similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points contribute more than others. Now, if all the weights are equal, then the weighted mean is the same as the arithmetic mean. The facts is, as different peaks represent the same crystallites but their different planar orientations, so, both the averages will give the same result. Thanks
@tamizhchemist2 жыл бұрын
Sir how do you get radian value
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
The Excel template is provided in the video description where all calculations are clearly mentioned. Thanks
@hope2633cu Жыл бұрын
excellent really appreciate you i use it and learn one main point todayyy woww
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@shubhayanmukherjee24103 жыл бұрын
Can you help me that how may I get the value of K for Hexagonal structure?
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
In the start of the tutorial while discussing about K, I have provided a reference in which K values are given for different structures. Thanks
@louizaguerguer53692 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir,I have a questions,What is the accuracy of XRD measurment? How to determine the reliable accuracy of the crystallite size.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
XRD, being a technique, is very accurate and reliable. However, calculation of crystallite size depends on accurate measurement of internal parameters like fwhm etc. Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@louizaguerguer53692 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much,sir.
@zijunryanmeng39213 жыл бұрын
8:27 the first peak is quite an outlier it seems, should it be removed from average or is it common.
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
In my case, it is not an outlier. However, sample to sample it may not be the case. Thanks
@Andresordojim3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the explanation, but I wonder why Cos(theta) is in degrees and not radians are used
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
As per formula, beta should be in rad and cos must be degrees to make the equation dimensionally correct. Thanks
@chamlaphysics26258 ай бұрын
Thanks Dr Sb.Well Explained
@SAYPhysics8 ай бұрын
You're welcome dear
@mujeebrahman58482 жыл бұрын
Great explanation sir
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks dear
@ishfaqchohan72972 жыл бұрын
@SAYPhysics Sir very helpfull video. Thanks very much.... I have a short question.... Sir in your Excle formula you devided the whole formula 10 that is not existed in equation? can u elaborate for me plz
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. Division by 10 is just the conversion to nm. Thanks
@ishfaqchohan72972 жыл бұрын
Thanks....your highness
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks dear
@faragayad45132 жыл бұрын
Realy the explanation is very helpful , thank so much
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@Sree_madness Жыл бұрын
As per me, you are considering the doublet as a single reflection and collecting the FWHM (for example at video time 6:20 min). Is this the correct way to estimate the crystallite size, I don't think so you are getting accurate crystallite sizes.
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
You are right. In general, it is not recommended to consider a doublet as a single reflection for calculating the crystallite size from XRD data, as this can lead to inaccuracies in the results. This is because a doublet typically indicates the presence of multiple crystallographic domains or twinning, and treating it as a single reflection can result in an overestimation of the crystallite size. However, it is always better to consider all the peaks and then finally take the average of all the calculated crystallite sizes, as explained at 07:50 of the video. As a cross-check, we can compare the calculations from a single reflection and then of the average to confirm these calculations in the video. Thanks for your input.
@Sree_madness Жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics taking average can help you when consider particular hkl planes , per example 00l. Every reflection indicates/arising from particular hkl plane. Insuch case you can not consider doublet as a singlet. If you want to get quatitateve size then you have to use siglet only. I can not agree singlet can giver over estimation of size. And one more thing origin program not use for quantitative data it's just for rough idea. For more basics kindly read any crystallography text.
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Right. Thanks for your input.
@hiljith.v13823 жыл бұрын
Sir can we use this equation for organic nanomaterials (neem nanoparticle)
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
This is crystallite size only and can't be applied to NPs. How to calculate size of NPs, I'll do another video based on UV-Vis technique for metal NPs..Thanks
@learnwithfaixoo7570 Жыл бұрын
Finally i am on right video to determine size from xrd
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊. Share it please with others too.
@vitalidoroshenko9134 Жыл бұрын
Hello! Thank you for your video. At the beginning you said that this method is valid for crystallites up to 200 nm. Could you please indicate the source where this is stated?
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊 In the video description, you will find some relevant references.
@vitalidoroshenko9134 Жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Thank you for the reply! Do you know of any book or article that states this?
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thank you for watching my video and for your question regarding the validity of the method for calculating crystallite size using XRD data in Origin. The information about the method's validity for crystallites up to 200 nm comes from various references, for example, as mentioned below. www.nature.com/articles/nnano.2011.145 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6459976/ www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/scherrer-equation prism.mit.edu/XRAY/oldsite/CrystalSizeAnalysis.pdf
@bultiroy9782 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much sir. You are a social worker. Thanks for your contribution to our nation.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear
@jyotimayekar73252 жыл бұрын
Hello sir How can I calculate percentage error in particle size?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Yes, if you know the exact size from other means like TEM etc. Thanks
@sachinkrao30102 жыл бұрын
Sir, where did you get the XRD data from?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
I didn't get your question what exactly you want to ask. Thanks
@wafazina42253 жыл бұрын
This video is perfect, so in amorphous material we can't clculate the crystalline size , because it has not grain and boundary grain, is it right or no, Thank you so much
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation. Yes, in amorphous, we don't have long range order, so crystallite or grain size calculations are not possible. You're welcome Wafa....
@anisahsajidahsaud13273 жыл бұрын
Hi, is the excel calculation u show based on the the peak in earlier video? They were 5 peaks there but ur excel is showing 6 values. Another question is, can we just select the 3 or 4 intense peak for calculation? Thanks
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Dear Anisah, This excel file is for the calculations in this video only. You can select peaks of your choice. There's no restriction on the number. Sometimes, some peaks cause a problem in fitting etc., they may be ignored. Thanks
@analist-30008 ай бұрын
Thanks for information and files
@SAYPhysics8 ай бұрын
You're welcome dear
@chidinmajudith76793 жыл бұрын
Please Sir after fitting and saying okay. My origin only gives the other values but no FWHM, instead it gives R-Square (COD) and Adj. R-Square. Please how can I get the FWHM
@chidinmajudith76793 жыл бұрын
Okay Sir..I got it now thanks
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Great. Thanks
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@sitaramarajus12 жыл бұрын
Helo, Can you please share a video how to plot 3-D graphs of Reflection loss
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Sure. I'll share it soon. Thanks for the input.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Please send me the data at sayphysics@gmail.com and I'll try to make a video on it. Thanks
@hinaimtiaz23322 жыл бұрын
Thank You so much MAy ALLAH bless u Ameen
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊 Aameen
@colanifakude95012 жыл бұрын
Good explanation. I am just worried about the Angstrongs ie 1.5406 when the final answer is in nm. Why didn't you use 0.15406 nm wavelength instead?
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation. You're right. We have the value from machine specs in the Angstroms, but you can convert as per your ease.
@colanifakude95012 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Thanks man. Keep up the good work.
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Sure. Thanks
@imydz466 Жыл бұрын
Thank you. It is well explained
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
You're welcome dear
@mAryamOmran3722 күн бұрын
Why transfer from degree to radian ? Why?
@SAYPhysics22 күн бұрын
The Scherrer equation involves trigonometric functions like cosθ, which expect the input angle θ to be in radians. In mathematical functions, the standard unit for angles in most trigonometric functions is radians rather than degrees. If you input θ in degrees into these trigonometric functions, the results would be incorrect. Additionally, the FWHM value β is often measured in degrees in XRD experiments, but the Scherrer equation requires it to be in radians to give a proper result. Converting both θ and β from degrees to radians ensures consistency in the formula and allows the calculation of crystallite size to be accurate. Thanks.
@brhaneamha3 жыл бұрын
Great ; This topic is not my major But I loved it and watched it, man !!! Keep it up !!
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
I’m glad and honoured to know. Thanks Brhane
@preciousekwere15083 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir for the excel. God bless you
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
You're welcome dear. Aameen
@dhrithihr910210 ай бұрын
Can anyone tell which version of origin it is
@SAYPhysics10 ай бұрын
In the start, it shows that it's 2018 version (9.5). However, all the steps involved in this tutorial can also be done in the older versions as well. In case, you wish to install the latest 2023 version free of cost, the following video tutorial will guide you how to do it. Thanks kzbin.info/www/bejne/gpLQc6SQl7hmfJI
@dhrithihr910210 ай бұрын
Thanks a lot for your reply.can you please tell me how to calculate average crystalline size in origin 6.0
@SAYPhysics10 ай бұрын
In OriginLab version 6, you can find the average crystallite size from XRD data using the Scherrer equation. Here's a brief guide: Import Data: Load your XRD data into OriginLab. Peak Identification: Identify the peaks corresponding to your crystalline material. Measure Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM): Measure the FWHM of the peaks. You can do this using the peak analysis tools in OriginLab. Apply Scherrer Equation: Use the Scherrer equation: Calculate Average Crystallite Size: Substitute the values into the equation and calculate the average crystallite size. Interpret Results: The calculated size represents the average crystallite size in your sample. Remember to refer to the OriginLab version 6 documentation for specific instructions tailored to the software version you are using. Thanks
@dhrithihr910210 ай бұрын
@@SAYPhysics thanks a lot.cant you make a video of this please
@SAYPhysics10 ай бұрын
I'll see it but at the moment only going with 2018 and 2023 versions. I'll suggest you, if easy, go for the free version of 2023, you'll enjoy the exceptional ease. Thanks
@ishach8353 жыл бұрын
I was searching for schrerrers const value for mgcr2O4 and sae your comment on research gate .
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Right. Has your search satiated? Thanks
@ishach8353 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics 95%
@miftahulkhair4416 Жыл бұрын
thank you Sir for the clear, simple, nice explanation of this important topic.
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@nouasriafatimazohra39103 жыл бұрын
Dear sir how can I know the correct value of k for my material.
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
I have mentioned a reference in the video about finding the right value of k. Thanks
@mohabkl80843 жыл бұрын
Thank you sir I have a question,what is the influence of temperature on grain size
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
The statement cannot be generalized. However, depending on the nature of grain (material), it is affected by the calcination/sintering temperatures. Thanks
@sudhapal8863 жыл бұрын
how to know cos thata value i xrd
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Theta from the plot...
@SaadANawaz2 жыл бұрын
Mashallah, what a great explanation. Thank you sirr
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@nouasriafatimazohra39103 жыл бұрын
Is theta in degree or radians. I found in other research that it must in degree. Please what is the correct one. Thanks
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
In degrees. I have explained it in this and other relevant videos about it, please watch carefully. Thanks
@marwanmansor95273 жыл бұрын
@@SAYPhysics Hi Sir, seems you use radians for cos theta calculation in attached excel file. And when I calculated COS[Radian(44.95887/2)], only then got same value as 0.924016 (as same as 7:28 in video)
@SAYPhysics3 жыл бұрын
Excel by default calculates in rad, so where we need it in degrees, we'll have to take it's double radian. Thanks
@anciyasantha977910 ай бұрын
Very nice presentation sir
@SAYPhysics10 ай бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@1971mn2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your lecture..
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@pinkblossomsky Жыл бұрын
Thanks! You're the best!
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation 🙂 dear
@khizarhussain632 Жыл бұрын
😮😮 it's an amazing video
@SAYPhysics Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear 😊
@yufu71222 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your good explanation! Well, I have a question on my research topic: can we calculate the diameter of nanowires (NWs) or thickness of nanoplates(NPls) directly on the Scherrer equation? How can we define K and can the result after calculation represents the real thick/ diameter of NWs/NPls? Looking forward to your reply!
@SAYPhysics2 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the appreciation dear. Yes, but change in symmetry is reflected in the graph shape. These calculations are for simple symmetry. While, when there will be another symmetry, calculations will slightly modify. Thanks