How to DECODE METAR REMARKS? (part 2 METAR series) / Explained by CAPTAIN JOE

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Dear friends and followers, welcome back to my channel and to part 2 of our METAR video series where we’ll discuss how to read the remarks section and Trend Type Landing Forecasts or TTLs often found at the end of a METAR report. This is the part that can be most confusing even to experienced airline pilots.
Beginning with our example from Los Angeles International we see the following added after the air pressure (RMK AO2 SLP121 T01610106). Our first key is RMK meaning Remarks. This is a standard code to display any additional or non standard information such as the strings we’re reading here or comments such as a NOTAM or Warning. Next we see “AO2” meaning that the station which took the reading is equipped with a so called Precipitation Discriminator Sensor which can tell the difference between rain and snow. If a station is not equipped with this sensor this remark will read “AO1”. The abbreviation SLP refers to Sea Level Pressure, in this case SLP121 would mean 1012.1 hPa. Note that a decimal is always given here which is unusual for pressure values in hectoPascals, in other words the last digit of an SLP is always a decimal unit rather than a whole number. We see this again with temperature in this code (T01610106). Looking at this at first may seem like gibberish but it is actually quite simple once you know what it means. The letter “T” designates that this is a temperature reading and is always followed by eight numbers to describe the temperature and dewpoint at the field. This code is used in America to give readings in degrees Celsius with more accuracy, again by providing a decimal reading. The first number shown will always be either a 0 for positive temperatures or a 1 for negative. Note that in the full METAR we saw the temperature listed as 16 degrees Celsius and the dew point as 11 Degrees Celsius. We can see in our temperature remark that the actual measurement was Positive 16.1 Degrees Celsius and the Dew Point as Positive 10.6 Degrees Celsius. It is debatable whether or not this information is actually useful to pilots during operations but it is there if you want it.
Now in our example from JFK airport in New York we can see a few other remarks have been added so lets break them down. First off we know the meaning of most of the remarks section such as AO2, SLP and T but what about this new code P0000? This refers to Liquid Equivalent Precipitation which has accumulated in the last hour and is measured in inches with two decimal places of accuracy. In this case 00.00 inches have accumulated meaning that the rain discussed earlier may have dried out or the sensor may be faulty. Note here that the measurement is a liquid equivalent. An inch of snow may not show as P0100 but an inch of rain will. Our other new section (RAB09E23) describes rain at the airfield. RA is a standard abbreviation for rain, the B stands for Began and the E for Ended. In this case RAin Began 09 minutes past the hour and Ended 23 minutes past the hour. Note the issue time for this METAR was 150351 Zulu so the hour this Rain report refers to would be 0300 on the 15th UTC or 11pm local time on the 14th in New York. Another form of rain report you might find can be seen in this example from Alice Springs in Australia. This form uses the code RF meaning Rainfall and shows firstly the amount of rainfall in millimetres in the last 10 minutes and second the amount of rain at the airfield since the last time it was 9am again in millimetres.
Thank you very much for your time! I hope you enjoy this video!
Wishing you all the best!
Your "Captain" Joe
Intro Song:
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Outro Song:
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[@parikshitsanyal1014]

Who all wants Captain Joe to open his own flight school

[@Alaska_Aviation]

That actually would be a good idea

[@therobloxianaviator685]

let’s start a gofundme for Joe to start his own flight school

[@pradeeparatnayeke3113]

That would be the best.

[@swxde701]

Right next to Luxembourg Airport/cargolux there is a Flight school (I’m going to join when I turn 15) He could maybe to courses or some extra work there during his off days from cargolux?

[@seadeer923]

Not a bad idea. I guess after COVID19

[@bambamisgoofyy]

This channel has inspired me to become a pilot in the future thank you

[@Alaska_Aviation]

The same for me

[@keanu1649]

Same for me

[@NoOne-cw3wf]

Same bro

[@calebturner8228]

Same! Taking my checkride this month

[@rjpro7951]

Same!!!

[@privskorp.9865]

This guy already teach me half of the ATPL in all those years😂😂

[@wingletproductions]

I think you mean taught. Not teach.

[@privskorp.9865]

@@wingletproductions no no. Its correct what are you saying. But we say that way here

[@wingletproductions]

Ok, what country are you in?

[@yosyp5905]

@@privskorp.9865 It's not correct by English standards. It can't even be present because it's not "teaches".

[@privskorp.9865]

@@wingletproductions La verga , Cataluña. Hispano english community

[@liamhosking2947]

I learned more in the last 10 minutes than I did all week! Great job as always Captain Joe!👍

[@DrunkHog]

"NOE-VEMBAAH!"

[@theundercoverguy]

Pls tell what you have written because I did not understand and the fact that captain Joe has hearted this comment means this has a meaning!!!!! EDIT: I THINK I AM STUPID I GOT IT NOW

[@DrunkHog]

@@theundercoverguy it's the Kennedy Steve sound-byte (or watchamacallit), in the in the intro. Kennedy Steve as in you know, the JFK ATC. And he's giving instructions that are reffering to taxiway November.

[@theundercoverguy]

Thanks I got it he says novembaaaahhh 😂.

[@mancomedy8443]

This Chanel has turn me to be a to to have dreams of becoming a pilot .. A good pilot is always learning you captain joe

[@dfndiego]

Hi dear followers We all love that

[@carlgois8579]

Captain Joe, my brother from another mother. Best channel ever. You would make an excellent instructor. Keep them coming. Love the hoodie. Bought the black circling approach and wear it with pride. 👍💪

[@stevennye1962]

I enjoy your channel Captain Joe. I am a retired air traffic controller supervisor and teach new controllers at DFW. You have such good content and present it in an entertaining but accurate way! It helps me in my instructing. Videos like this one are an excellent review for me. Keep up the good work!

[@milk-it]

Perfect timing! Just went over these in my PPL training! Well explained, as always :-).

[@karredal]

Awesome Joe love this in extremely detail videos. All the best!

[@mikelucas8897]

love the vids always very informative

[@JohnDoe-ck2hj]

I'm an air traffic controller. This coding is really insane!

[@ronanaballerino9794]

Thanks for the great explanation like usual Joe!

[@pradeeparatnayeke3113]

Learning this in 10 minutes and 27 seconds was the best. Thank you captain joe! ❤️ I love your videos they are very interesting and helpful ❤️

[@seadeer923]

Captain Joe. I’m amazed by how much I’ve learned from your videos. Keep it going man!

[@seadeer923]

Captain Joe. That heart made my day

[@gaptoofgranny]

When you break it down like this Joe, it becomes extremely clear. You're doing better than my ground school instructor. Can you expand on this series with meteorology, navigation (how to read VFR charts), etc?

[@umarabdulhamid3576]

I learn so much as always A Good Pilot Is Always Learning

[@daily8150]

Gosh! I have learnt so much from all of your videos, as a passengers in an aircraft. Thank you.

[@milipedecentipede2005]

Didn't realise this video was super helpful until i actually tried decoding it on my sim. HANDS ON PRACTICE!!! THANKS CAPT!!!!

[@jackamo1997]

Joe out here teaching me quicker than an actual flight school

[@nivik57]

Never been this early before! I really love your videos! Thank you for your amazing videos!

[@Aquahands]

Thanks for helping us out, your explanations are more clear than what I normally get from Google.

[@Hondalover3000]

You're always good on technical explanations made simple Captain Joe. The next tech video I'd love to see is how the mechanics in these aircraft work during a rotation. Thanks Capt Joe.

[@danielngotho7453]

Wooow. I'm always learning 👌

[@brad4057]

We are learning more and more from your videos thanks you...😎 looking forward to the next one

[@bryceleinan]

I’m studying for my part 107 exam, and this was huge for helping me understand the weather!

[@VMCAviationVideos]

Thanks Captain Joe, I learned something again. 👍

[@chriswoods3749]

Thanks for the NZ mention! Much appreciated from NZ

[@chrisgeorgebenny2802]

Thanks joe you’re my inspiration.

[@SilvioGerinaud]

Informative content. Thanks a lot!

[@philipjamesparsons]

I've been flying into JFK recently, coming from Europe. I've not been flying in the US for 16 years, so I have forgotten lots about it. Your video helped me to unravel quite a few mysteries of the METAR and TAF's I am seeing. Thanks!

[@penate1995]

Great vid Joe!

[@arunalaha5339]

Professionalism at it's best👍

[@nikosmanoli832]

Thanks captain for explaining

[@juanpabloescobarcabrera265]

great video as always cap

[@naturallyherb]

Really awesome!

[@petroviczh]

Thanks, cap! Very useful video as usual and of course, you got my thumbs up! Could you, please, in of your upcoming videos explain the topic about airborne weather radars? That would be a great complement for your last weather/meteo-topics, I guess. Thank you in advance and CAVOK always!

[@fairxing5106]

The best part is "Your captain Joe" 💜

[@saikarthikbuddiga2589]

this is so good!!

[@hkhan8704]

Nice information thanks joe

[@Starman2319]

Thank you for your work on this, Joe. Looking forward to TAFS decoded :o)

[@paulcrooks3742]

Thanks. Europe gives the best lessons

[@carlgois8579]

Captain Joe, you think when possible and able a video on RNAV. Thanks best KZbin channel out there.

[@CaptainConstand]

If you loved the video drop a like for captain joe ..💪🏽💪🏽

[@noah9130]

Constand Benard I dropped a like but in the video

[@CaptainConstand]

@@noah9130 thanks

[@robertthrailkill1368]

Have been a private pilot in the USA for 30 years and always wondered what the extra numbers indicated. When I asked my flight instructors they always said it was not useful. Well, seems like it can be useful sometimes to me. Thanks!

[@PhilippusCesena]

Thank you so much!

[@luisantoniodiazlozada5117]

Well Captain Joe we need more of this videos .👍👍😃😃🥇

[@danialraja]

Hi captain Joe. I love watching your videos because they are very helpful and full of great knowledge so thank you so much for making helpful videos like this. I had a question regarding the Boeing 747-8I. The Boeing 747-8I has two elevators that are split into two. Why are the two elevators split?

[@ArchyDolder]

Thank you so much for your hard work and informative videos! I really love this channel! However, this video titled "Metar Part 2" implies there is a part one...I have not seen part one, so before I watch part 2 I'm ready to discover Part 1. Considering your thoroughness, I first looked in the description area for a possible link to Part 1. All I've found are THREE links to other videos..."Weather Abbreviation", "What is ATIS", and "Decode ATIS" - disappointingly nothing apparently about Metar Part 1. So, I searched your channel with the search term "Metar", but only found this video. All I can imagine is that it is under a different name. I'd be very grateful if you could add a link to Part 1 of this subject in the description for this video. Thank you in advance for your kind assistance, and thank you again for all of your extremely helpful videos.

[@mikecowen6507]

I got a pop up card just after the intro, but here's the link: kzbin.info/www/bejne/j4ilY4eordKGnMk

[@hassanmohammed6509]

Great video cap I have a question: if the metar is faulty does this affect the landing and can cause a diversion?

[@bobbrewer5182]

Hi Joe, As weird as it might seem to you of rain in Alice Springs, the whole of Australia does, in fact get some rain. The coastal areas definitely get it the most, the further inland you go, the less there is, but desert areas definitely do get some.

[@ultra727]

When you went over the YBAS metar and the RF00.0/000.0 format, i immediately thought of the monotone voice of the awis at YSDU, "rainfall, last 10 minutes, nil"

[@KnSowhard]

Good one, haven't seen decoding a metar to this extent.

[@azizzizou2056]

Captain Joe. From beginning I expected your Chanel will get much success .

[@Frank-si2jd]

Hi Joe, great info! Thanks for all your very nice videos! As a PPL pilot I never saw this additional info before and I have a question about the SLP121. I do understand that this refers to 1012.1 hPa but what if the pressure is 952.1 hPa for example? How is that displayed? Because it is possible (ok in very extreme conditions) to have 1052.1 hPa

[@badassaviator5040]

Also at certain military airfields (I believe NATO) there are additionally color codes added at the the end of the RMK to differentiate meteorological conditions.

[@ShannonStrings200304]

It's really a honour to learn from you....✌🏻👍🏻👨🏻‍✈️ Love and hugs from Shannon Strings and India...❤️🥰❤️🥰

[@EnergyJoules]

Great work Captain(even though your shirt has three stripes and that means you're a first officer but okay) Joe. These tutorials really help me understand about aircrafts and other aviation related stuff.

[@mehranmj8936]

Great video Joe ! (As always :) ) Wish to have a "how to decode SIGMET" video ! Cause it's more pilot lang. and much harder to decode for a newbie ;)

[@rgt4848]

I had forgotten why I egnore the last part of the METAR, now remember...thanks:)

[@abdussamedcheluppadan1045]

I was waiting for the next video

[@tlkedits5162]

Happy birthday captain joe.

[@gilljenkins3770]

Great video Joe, I think everyone from NZ fell off their chairs at your mention. I had to laugh that Auckland had a variable weather notification. The weather there is so changeable we joke that if you don't like the weather in Auckland just wait 5 minutes and it will change. I wonder if it ever DOESN'T have a variable weather note 🤣

[@mutahirrana2554]

Your are well prepared mentally and physical . Because your voice tell . how you handle Your emotions and gesture . u better know we to little stop n where to make high n low pitch.

[@arunalaha5339]

You deserve more subs and will get so in the holding or in the taxiing😂👍

[@anosjhon5238]

Captain Joe thankyou so much i really appreciate because it is too difficult me to understand METAR but as you explain so clearly that i understand very well thankyou for giving me hope for my exams...and please give some breif about TAF as well

[@AEROPEX]

Well done Thank you - Many greeting from OPS SUPERVISION at DTTA

[@sandysandove148]

you are great joe you have inspired me to become a pilot int future thank you joe and do you deliver the keyring to india?

[@galadenzel3790]

Happy birthday Captain Joe🎉🎉🎂🎂

[@patrickglosson1147]

I have a lot to learn but, at least now it's making somewhat sense

[@OldFliersGroup]

And that is why I love the "plain English" interpretation in my flight planning software.

[@amitojsingh8102]

Hi Sir, you're my guide to future...

[@lagunosus]

Joe explains better than my CFII

[@randomman7570]

Ah. Captain Joe is now back to live!

[@themarcinmm4840]

A nice video. Thanks a lot. It, apparently, can be done if there’s enough time for the guidance, a Cat III approach is available, the weather is fine, and the aircraft has no system faults. But then, why would both cockpit crew be incapacitated? I would love to see another video where some manual flying is required, too :)

[@N741SP]

Execellent presentation...

[@electrickery8301]

Greetings from Christchurch, New Zealand, Captain Joe! Sometimes ATC just asks the winds at 2000ft from the pilots when they're at that level.

[@ScottlollarClark]

Captain Joe. I had to learn to decode a METAR when I learned to fly in the 1990's and understand that the crazy codes were necessary due to the limitations of technology in years past. Kind of like the filename limitations of MSDOS. What I don't understand is why, with today's technology, it is still in code. We hear how the number one priority of the FAA and other agencies is to reduce accidents and improve safety. It seems it would be a tremendously easy thing to do to eliminate the risk of an error in decoding by eliminating the coding. Somebody has to encode "Rain began at nine minutes after the hour and ended 23 minutes after the hour to BRB09E23 (an opportunity for error) the the pilot has to decode it back (another opportunity for error). If safety is paramount, why not send it in plain text and eliminate the opportunities for error? I know today's technology can handle it fine.

[@zacrenfree7827]

Jeez there's a lot to learn on this. Great for me flying on the sim

[@zacrenfree7827]

Cheers for the ❤️ Joe, I know how to read Metar but TAF's and especially the US versions are the most complicated. It's a great help mate and always good to have a pilot give us info.

[@milindvengurlekar9058]

Omg this is tough But u r GREAT Sir LOVE FROM INDIA 💕

[@ehudgavron9086]

Very instructional. It would have helped me gain my CPL-H! If you ever want to discuss weather patterns (troughs, highs, lows, etc.) that would also be appreciated! *goes to buy keyring*

[@yams900]

Tough for the brain, need to watch part 1 and 2 at least 10 times :)

[@Pgcmoore]

outstanding!!!

[@deansartorel5570]

In Australia, TTF’s are valid for 3 hours, is it different in other countries?

[@Glen.Danielsen]

Question: Why not do away with all abbreviations? Spell it all out for clarity! Pilots are human and get tired; give them a break! I was told by an old family friend who flew an A-1 Skyraider in Korea that clarity was an emphasis in his aircraft’s design: the flaps lever was shaped like a flap, landing gear lever was shaped like a strut & bogie. Design engineers, this is no place to use esoteric abbreviations. Spell everything out!! Captain Joe, what do you think?

[@dominicklmaviation8350]

Can you due a video how to taxi a 747 in San Juan and Aguadilla

[@hmabboud]

@5:33 So does this mean that it rained before (0309) before the metar (the part before the remark) was observed? Then why isnt the rain mentioned in the metar?

[@einechterwiener6261]

Hey Joe! I saw in a METAR R07/90//95. What does this mean? Thank you in advance for your answer!

[@flyingluftwaffe9617]

HAPPY BIRTHDAY CAPTAIN JOE!!!! 🎂🎉🎈. ( I'm sorry for the late message it's 22nd June in my time zone xD )

[@maksudabegum5444]

hey joe do aircraft needs oil change?

[@nijatkhudaverdiyev3751]

Hi,Captain.Why the LRJT trim sheet has slanted ladders? but in MRJT they are direct?

[@pyaarpraveen]

Hi Joe - Could you please explain about Flap 3 Landing and Different Types of Flap Landings..

[@emabrownipilot]

Thanks sir 👍 I really appreciate this video I been looking for the topics a while on web....even Mr Joe you didn't give my comment a heart Lik the others .... thanks again sir for yr help I found this metar Lik on KMSS us cause i do my Ifr Multi on Cycc near my school home on css3.

[@thebigmacd]

Wow, talk about mixing measurement systems...temp in Celsius, precipitation in inches, distance in feet and NM

[@zoborey]

thanks cap

[@umarabdulhamid3576]

Sorry for the late wishes. Happy birthday to the person that inspired me and the to me the best pilot in the world. Happy birthday captain Joe on your 35th birthday many more bless years to come to the man that inspired me and motivate at always I hope that we speak in person. Cheers enjoy 🍻🍷🍺

[@shabanarehan3999]

My uncle: your job is so easy, you get paid for nothing! Me *sends him link to his videos*

[@KTKPRO]

Can you please make a video on flaps.

[@anthonylabarca9114]

Start a Pilot Vlogs seires. Show us what you do while flying and show us where you go in the world. If your up for it of course. I love watching your video's and I think this would be fun to watch