International Terrorism

This Lecture talks about International Terrorism

[@aparajita3845]

Well explained ma'am🙏 Global terrorism is broadly defined as acts of crime or violence intented to further political, religious ideologies. Factors behind terrorism- •Social factor- People having religious motives participate in terrorism as a part of religious war •Economic factor- When people are deprived of certain resources and opportunities, poverty can create resentment and cause some to turn to terrorism in order to express their outrage. •Political factor-factors such as government repression lead to terrorism. •Hybrid factor- Combination of social, economic,and political factors of terrorism. Consequences of terrorism- •Loss of life & property damage. •Long term psychological damage. •Loss of business, either due to real or perceived threats. •Allocation of limited government resources to deal with real or perceived terrorist threats.

[@muskanmudgil5773]

Thanks for such a great explanation. International terrorism refers to acts of violence, intimidation, or destruction committed by individuals or groups who are not affiliated with a particular government or state and who seek to advance their political or ideological agenda through violence. The targets of international terrorism are typically civilians, as well as government officials and other symbols of authority. International terrorism is often motivated by religious, political, or ideological beliefs, and is designed to create fear and panic among the public in order to advance the terrorists' goals.

[@shivanivats2532]

Thank you so much Ma'am for the lecture 🙏. Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentional violence to achieve political aims. It is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government or its citizens to further certain political or social objectives.The terms "terrorist" and "terrorism" originated during the French Revolution of the late 18th century but gained mainstream popularity in the 1970s during the conflicts of Northern Ireland, the Basque Country and Palestine. There are various different definitions of terrorism, with no universal agreement about it. Terrorism is a charged term. It is often used with the connotation of something that is "morally wrong". American political philosopher Michael Walzer in 2002 wrote: "Terrorism is the deliberate killing of innocent people, at random, to spread fear through a whole population and force the hand of its political leaders". The Task Force defines terrorism as "a tactic or technique by means of which a violent act or the threat thereof is used for the prime purpose of creating overwhelming fear for coercive purposes". It classified disorders and terrorism into six categories: -Civil disorder -Political terrorism -Non-Political terrorism -Quasi-terrorism -Limited political terrorism -Official or state terrorism Other sources have defined the typology of terrorism in different ways, for example, broadly classifying it into domestic terrorism and international terrorism. There are various causes of terrorism: 1) Individuals and groups choose terrorism as a tactic because it can: -Act as a form of asymmetric warfare in order to directly force a government to agree to demands -Intimidate a group of people into capitulating to the demands in order to avoid future injury. 2) Specific political or social causes have included: -Independence or separatist movements -Irredentist movements 3) Various personal and social factors may influence the personal choice of whether or not to join a terrorist group or attempt an act of terror, including: -Identity, including affiliation with a particular culture, ethnicity, or religion -Previous exposure to violence * Consequences of terrorism are: 1) Loss of Life & Property Damage 2) Long Term Psychological Damage 3) Loss of Business, Either Due to Real or Perceived Threats 4) Direct Economic Destruction 5) Increased Uncertainty in the Markets.

[@prairana7977]

Thank you Ma'am for the well informative lecture.. International Terrorism is seen as a process a threat that necessitates international alignment and cooperation based on unprecedented level. Terrorism implies use of force and use of weapon. Lewis Hanken says that terrorism is a useful legal concept . Causes of terrorism as per three layers - situational, strategic, individual. ASEAN, UN, EU - their international agreements is on alignments and cooperation. The fight against terror the need to secure world peace is always on the agenda.

[@athiraraghunathan2925]

International terrorism is a complex and changing phenomenon .Terrorism is not new to the world .Terrorism has became the main security issue of international relations ,it is both national and international priority .It continues to pose the greatest threat to international peace and security today ,Terrorism has become trannational .it has also been seen that terrorist is emerging from countries which have fragile root of democracy and most of the attacks are on the democratic countries International terrorism is possible :- there is no universal agreement within the international community above who is a terrorist ,the world's tolerence and sympathy has often permitted terrorist to employ religious symbols and ideas to support secular goals .Act of terrorism can be carried out by individual ,group ,state. The most common image of terrorism is carried out by small cell and secretive cells.The methods used bombing ,hijacking ,indiscriminate attacks .It's a very informative lecture

[@nishagujran428]

Thanku mam for the lecture.... Terrorism: Terrorism is the use of force or violence against persons or property in violation of the criminal laws for purposes of intimidation, coercion, or ransom. International terrorism: It involves violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of any state, or that would be a criminal violation. •Scholars have categorized motivations for terrorism to include psychological, ideological, and strategic. Those who engage in terrorism may do so for purely personal reasons, based on their own psychological state of mind. Their motivation may be nothing more than hate or the desire for power. # The causes of terrorism suggested include poverty, inequality, Globalisation, technology, energy, oil, Islamic fundamentalism and psychopathy, among others. There are also widespread challenges to each of these causes on both scientific and ideological grounds.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The impact of terrorism reaches many aspects of health and health care: acute and chronic symptoms of anxiety and depression, changes in health-related behaviors, and long-term strain and tension.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

In general, research shows that there are three basic forms of terrorism - international terrorism, domestic terrorism and transnational terrorism (Staiger et al. 2008; Hough 2007). However, each basic form is also comprised of other sub-types that largely inform their basis.

[@komalmishra6407]

Thank you so much ma'am 🙏 for knowledgeable lecture video 🙏😊

[@shwetaprajapati8520]

Thank you mam it's a great video, well explained the topic.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

The economy of an area affected by terrorism suffers an immediate impact due to loss of property and funds used to repair buildings and infrastructure damage. It also suffers long term effects as financial markets slowly recover from the shock of the attack.

[@ujjwalmalik740]

Useful video

[@ashikamimroth1402]

Thank you so much ma'am for this lecture. Cause of terrorism can be divided into 4 levels :-individual, rational, systematic & ideological. The economy of an area affected by terrorism suffer an immediate impact due to loss of property & funds used to repair building & infrastructure damage.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Thank you ma'am , its a great video , well explained the topic.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Terrorism can impose costs on a targeted country through a number of avenues. Terrorist incidents have economic consequences by diverting foreign direct investment (FDI), destroying infrastructure, redirecting public investment funds to security, or limiting trade.

[@Vidya7082]

Thank you so much ma'am 🙏

[@estherh.m8150]

Thank you for the lecture ma'am. International terrorism refers to terrorism that goes beyond national boundaries in terms of the methods used, the people that are targeted or the places from which the terrorists operate. International terrorism refers to Violent, criminal acts committed by individuals and/or groups who are inspired by, or associated with, designated foreign terrorist organizations or nations.

[@komalmishra6407]

History :- - The word terrorism was first popularized during the French revolution. In contrast to its contemporary usage , at the time Terrorism had a decidedly positive connotation. - The system of regime de la terreur of 1793-94.

[@Vidya7082]

The term ' international terrorism ' or the terrorism involving citizen or the territory of more then one country

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Causes of terrorism can be divided into four levels: individual, rational, systemic, and ideological.

[@komalmishra6407]

Prominent attacts :- 1. World Trade center 9/11/2001. 2. London bombing 7/7/2005. 3. Mumbai terror attacts 26/11/2008.

[@komalmishra6407]

Definition of Terrorism :- - scholars have attempted to streamline the definition, aiming to agree on certain aspects of the Terrorism definition. - Hoffman ( 2006 ) :- " Terrorism is violence.... Used and directed in pursuit of , or in service of , a political aim. "

[@ningrinwungkhai4612]

Thank you mam for your effort

[@chetnasingh8422]

These effects are seen in many areas such as economic growth, foreign direct investment, capital flows, foreign trade, tourism and, unemployment. If all these effects can prevent the consequences, it is possible to say that efforts will be made to combat terrorism.

[@af_shorts7384]

Thnku mam🙏

[@ishitarai7755]

International terrorism involves violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or any state, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or any state.

[@surbhibhatia2037]

Scholars have categorized motivations for terrorism to include psychological, ideological, and strategic. Those who engage in terrorism may do so for purely personal reasons, based on their own psychological state of mind. Their motivation may be nothing more than hate or the desire for power.

[@dollysingh2241]

International terrorism involves violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of any state, International terrorism refers to terrorism that goes beyond national boundaries in terms of the methods used, the people that are targeted or the places from which the terrorists operate. * causes of terrorism include: 1)Perceptions of deprivation and inequality. 2) A lack of political legitimacy and continuity, as well as a lack of integration for the political fringes, encourages ideological terrorism. 3) Windows of opportunity when terrorist violence can serve to influence opinion and resource. 4) Hegemony in the international system by one or two actors will cause a high level of transnational anti-systematic terrorism as a war by proxy develops. Thus, the causes of terrorism include “poverty,” “inequality,” “globalization,” “technology,” “energy,” “oil,” “Islamic fundamentalism,” and “psychopathy,” among others. Terrorist acts can cause ripple effects through the economy that have negative impacts. The most obvious is the direct economic destruction of property and lives. * consequences - Terrorism indirectly affects the economy by creating market uncertainty, xenophobia, loss of tourism, and increased insurance claims.

[@shreyatripathi-3257]

👍👍👍

[@meghnagoswami4540]

Terrorism is the use of violence to create fear (i.e., terror, psychic fear) for (1) political, (2) religious, or (3) ideological reasons (ideologies are systems of belief derived from worldviews that frame human social and political conditions). The terror is intentionally aimed at noncombatant targets (i.e., civilians or iconic symbols), and the objective is to achieve the greatest attainable publicity for a group, cause, or individual. Causes of Terrorism : Scholars have categorized motivations for terrorism to include psychological, ideological, and strategic. Those who engage in terrorism may do so for purely personal reasons, based on their own psychological state of mind. Their motivation may be nothing more than hate or the desire for power. Consequences of Terrorism: a. Economic : loss of life, infrastructures and business. Government has to spend a huge sum on security. b. Societal : Creates an atmosphere of suspicion, fear and panic all around c. Political : Makes world politics more complicated and difficult.

[@dikshagupta8934]

thank uh mam......terrorism is the unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims. International terrorism refers to terrorism that goes beyond national boundaries in terms of the methods used, the people that are targeted or the places from which the terrorists operate. Terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq, including Al Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), possess both the intention and the capability to direct attacks against the West. The UK is a high-priority target for Islamist extremists and they pose a significant threat to our country and to our interests and citizens abroad. Despite the current main focus on terrorism originating from Syria and Iraq, the threat of terrorism also emanates from other parts of the Middle East and regions such as North, East and West Africa, South and South East Asia. The primary causes of terrorism and insurgency in India are based on political, religious, ethnic, ideological, identity driven, linguistic or socio-economic grievances. Terrorism can impose costs on a targeted country through a number of avenues. Terrorist incidents have economic consequences by diverting foreign direct investment (FDI), destroying infrastructure, redirecting public investment funds to security, or limiting trade.

[@anjalichhikara8834]

Main causes of terrorism are: ◾Perceptions of deprivation and inequality, especially amongst culturally defined groups. This can lead to civil violence, of which terrorism may be a part. Terrorism represents social control from below, as attacks are directed upon targets symbolising central government or a superior community. ◾A lack of political legitimacy and continuity, as well as a lack of integration for the political fringes, encourages ideological terrorism. The potential is exacerbated by ethnic diversity. ◾Terrorism in one country can spillover into neighbouring areas. Mass media can influence the patterns of terrorism by enhancing agenda setting, increasing lethality and expanding the transnational character. ▪A skewed gender balance and high proportion of unmarried males increases the association with intra-societal violence and instability. Political and criminally motivated violence is largely the work of young unmarried men. ◾Windows of opportunity when terrorist violence can serve to influence opinion and resource. In the case of peace agreements, radical members of coalition groups resume and escalate hostilities to undermine confidence and prevent compromise, thus regaining the initiative and avoiding marginalisation. ◾Hegemony in the international system by one or two actors will cause a high level of transnational anti-systematic terrorism as a war by proxy develops. Therefore, terrorism can represent a backlash against globalisation and modernisation. Consequences of terrorism : Terrorism can effect the world economically, morally and politically. Terrorist acts can cause ripple effects through the economy that have negative impacts. The most obvious is the direct economic destruction of property and lives. Terrorism indirectly affects the economy by creating market uncertainty, xenophobia, loss of tourism, and increased insurance claims.

[@vishalsingh-kc6jj]

Thanks ma'am, plz provide some notes in discription

[@renupayal789]

premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience. The term 'international terrorism' means terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than one country.”

[@chetnatomar6248]

Caues of international terrorism * social and political injustice * the belief that vilonence or its threat will be effective * religious * illiteracy * injustice Thank you ma'am for this lecture 😊😊

[@naturerelaxation6994]

Superb

[@travisa.bushluciferlucifer1183]

Pegasus daughterstinks.

[@nikitapradhan4161]

Thank you ma'am it helped me lot...

[@fojupanda1728]

Thank you for such a great session!

[@CUTESTAREntertainment]

please make a video on the effect of terrorism on global economy

[@rishikeshray6650]

Wonderful mam, views। on video don't do justice with your efforts

[@mohamadayoubmir6307]

Keep it up .great

[@iamalkatiwari]

Thank you ma'am 🙏🙏🙏

[@skrcasm]

धन्यवाद अध्यापिका जी।

[@amairakhan5758]

Please provide in Hindi as well 🙏

[@rishabchauhan8905]

Where do we get notes mam

[@prityparihar6664]

Ye lectures hme hindi me ku nhi mil pate

[@nothingim635]

Thank u mam...