Battle of Ravenna 1512 - War of the League of Cambrai DOCUMENTARY

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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on the Italian Wars continues with the aftermath of the Second Italian War ( • Battles of Cerignola a... ). Things change once again, as Pope Julius II manages to get the king of France Louis XII, Ferdinand II of Aragon, and Maximilian I, the Holy Roman Emperor, and others in an alliance called League of Cambrai against Venice, which leads to the battle of Agnadello. However, things change again, and the pope declares the Holy League and the first part of the War of the Holy League culminates at the battle of Ravenna in 1512.
Hundred Years' War: • Battle of Crecy 1346 -...
Thirty Years' War: • Thirty Years' War - Wh...
Medieval Battles: • Early Muslim Expansion...
Wars of the Roses: • Wars of Roses 1455-148...
Third Crusade: • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: • Battle of Fornovo 1495...
Italian Wars #2 Cerignola and Garigliano: • Battles of Cerignola a...
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The video was made by MalayArcher ( / mathemedicupdates ) while the script was researched and written by Johan Melhus. This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & kzbin.info/door/79s.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas made using Total War: Rome 2 and Attila, using Medieval Kingdom 1212AD mod
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#Documentary #ItalianWars #Ravenna

[@KingsandGenerals]

Previous episodes: Italian Wars #1 Fornovo: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eaWXZHtpgrySeqM Italian Wars #2 Cerignola and Garigliano: kzbin.info/www/bejne/j5umZWZ7adychqs This is the clusterfuck war you see in the memes: media.discordapp.net/attachments/493865661043572736/898954715688239144/unknown.png

[@judejoanis6030]

This video helped explain why each faction switched dudes when it did. Thanks!

[@neutronalchemist3241]

I'm pretty surprised that the defeat suffered by Emperor Maximilian I in his attempt to invade the territories of the Republic of Venice in 1508 had been completely omitted. it's quite relevant.

[@nitindgadhari4158]

😳Sir🤓, Battle of Haifa 400 troops vs 1500 troops (world war 1) on place of modern day israel [Main reason downfall of ottoman empire]

[@1236wolfman]

Yep it’

[@giovannithiene8744]

Thanks for the video! There’s a geographic error on the map. You put Padova where actually lays Rovigo. The real position of Padova is roughly between Vicenza and Treviso. Cheers

[@JohnnyElRed]

So, the Venetians ended up fighting on the side of the League created to oppose them? And the French ended up being dislodged on the north by the same guys their former Imperial allies had hired as mercenaries to fight Venice? Man, that war was weird.

[@ReaperCH90]

Now wait what happens next with the guys from the north, it will get even weirder

[@nikitaostrovsky8416]

Welcome to Italian diplomacy

[@michaelsinger4638]

And it will only get weirder going forward.

[@MarkVrem]

I got to give props to the leader of Ferrara LOL... Just shoot guys, everyone's an enemy.

[@ohauss]

And a battle that was a tactical victory for the French basically led to their front collapsing :P

[@adelkheir]

Venice found itself having an EU IV moment of having too much aggressive expansion points and having a coalition created against it.

[@jaythompson5102]

The Holy League aka the fun police.

[@Vatra91]

normal things when you try to conquer italy during that era, in eu4 and rl too :P :P try to conquer all italy with venice and you see the ae, too much dev in italy

[@maximilianolimamoreira5002]

@@jaythompson5102 I wouldn't call it funny, because, you definitely would piss your pants, if they came towards you.

[@jaythompson5102]

@@maximilianolimamoreira5002 Ive played as Venice in EU4, unfortunately I do know what they are capable of.

[@ahumpierrogue137]

I mean... yeah. This war is literally what the whole coalition system is based on.

[@vladimirlagos2688]

This series is awesome. The Italian Wars were such a mess, with alliances shifting everytime the winds changed.

[@jonbaxter2254]

Italians love switching sides, even back then

[@UltimaSigmarAlonso]

Typical italy

[@UltimaSigmarAlonso]

@@pizzacutter5469 in ww1 there was

[@UltimaSigmarAlonso]

@@pizzacutter5469 in ww2 the switching sides was a Good thing

[@neutronalchemist3241]

@@UltimaSigmarAlonso There wasn't. The attack of Austria-Hungary to Serbia was a breaching of the Triple Alliance (art. 7)

[@marinuswillett6147]

I Love of most of these wars start with France say "we have to fight these guys as a stepping stone to a crusade against the Turks, which is hilarious Considering how the French-Ottoman relationship would play out in later Italian Wars

[@ElBandito]

If only those Italians submitted without resistance, France wouldn't have had to ally with the Turks. ;)

[@omkarkulkarni6282]

Wait for the Battle of Pavia and then entry of the Ottomans crushing Hungary and Austria

[@marinuswillett6147]

@@shahsoftinc.2459 I doubt that the HRE was powerful enough to conquer France. The Emporer was barely able to keep his own nobles in line half the time. Invading and occupying France (a nation comparable in size to the HRE), would have been way too difficult to be worth it, regardless of whether or not the Turks were a factor.

[@marinuswillett6147]

@@memyselfandi8544 if that's the case, why does the Catholic Church ban its members from joining Masonic Lodges?

[@TheAtmosfear7]

@@shahsoftinc.2459 Worst historical take I’ve ever seen. France has come out the winner in several wars against the HRE, including a war against the entire Habsburg dynasty, the holdings of which completely surrounded France (from Spain to the Netherlands and including Germany). At this point in history no single political entity could have conquered a French kingdom hardened by a century of war against the English.

[@TwoFistsOneHalleluja]

Who needs enemies when you have allies like Alfonso d'Este

[@riccardocirielli]

"Spanish or French? Who gives a shit! A foreign barbarian is a foreign barbarian" Alfonso "the Chad" d'Este

[@neutronalchemist3241]

Yet the French would have likely lost the battle without him. The Spanish-Papal battleplan was similar to that of Cerignola, and would have ended the same way. With the Spanish holding the positions and inflicting casualties on the attacking French until the attackers were too fatigued to resist the final countercharge. It had been the artillery that made the Spanish position untenable, forcing them to attack too early. The Battle of Ravenna passed in history as the first pitched battle won by the artillery.

[@alaeus2310]

Broke: Soviet commanders ordering artillery bombardments and human wave attacks at the same time Woke: Italian duke ordering indiscriminate artillery fire to weaken both enemies and "allies", which in 16th century Italy means "future enemies"

[@riccardocirielli]

@@zurgesmiecal ???

[@Itachi951000]

@@neutronalchemist3241 Meh. The French force was much better led this time and better organized. Gaston de Foix was in a totally different league compared to Louis d'Armagnac. In fact, his campaign, eventhough it only lasted six-month as he died here, proved he was the best commander who fought in that war and it wasn't even close. Would've loved to see him against de Cordoba though. Too bad that didn't happen. The argument you're using about why the Spanish were defeated at Ravenna is literally the thing that won them the battle of Cerignola, so this doesn't make much sense. At Cerignola, the 40 French cannons arrived too late... By the time they did, the Spanish cannons and arquebusiers had decimated the gendarmes and Swiss pikemen. I mean that was pretty much what the battle stood out for. It was one of the first European battles won by gunpowder weapons. The Spanish had them at Cerignola, the French didn't. This time the French did have their artillery support, both their own and the Ferrarese cannons. The Spanish also had their artillery pieces and arquebusiers. Like I said, the difference here was in leadership.

[@michaelsinger4638]

(Venice considered an alliance with the Ottomans). Francis I of France: “Hey, that sounds like a great idea.”

[@eugeniocallegaro6618]

It was proposed to ask Ottomans mercenary troops

[@alaeus2310]

Meanwhile, in an alternate timeline: "I never thought i would die fighting together with a Venetian" "What about fighting with a trading partner?" "Evet, i can do that"

[@princepscivitatis4083]

In the Italian Wars, Ferdinand II of Aragon was the only winner. Dude set out to unite Naples and Sicily. Check. Dude wanted the Apulian ports. Check. Dude wanted the port of Ostia. Check. Dude wanted a pro-spanish Italian confederation guarding entry into the peninsula at no expense to him. Check. Things he lost ? Absolutely nothing. And this was in spite of literally everyone, from Pope Julius to Louis XII (except Maximilian I, who was his homeboy since the Castilian War of Succession) hating him.

[@podemosurss8316]

Well, he was so Machiavellian that he was one of the main inspirations for Machiavelli, and he also had an excellent army at his disposal.

[@Leptospirosi]

It didn't end badly for the Ventians as well: that had to relinquish some very poor territories in Romagna but in exchange they gained influence over Lombardy, with the locals having much improved loyalty for the Venetians after what they had to suffer from the French and the random pillaging from the Austrians.

[@caniconcananas7687]

About Max and Fer being friends... In 1512? Maybe not so much. Years before this battle, Fernando of Aragón and Isabel of Castile have married their daughter Juana to Philip, son of the Emperor Maximilian. But after the death of his wife, Isabel of Castile, although the heiress of the crown of Castile (and the crown of Aragón after his death) was Juana, queen on her own right, the real governor was her husband, Philip I of Castile. Meanwhile, Fernando was king of Aragón (and Valencia, and Naples, and count of Barcelona, that is, sovereign of Catalonia), but hasn't any power in Castile. Philip had different interests than Fernando: The Holy Roman Empire and Flanders instead of the Mediterranean. When Fernando realized that Castile was only another pawn in the game of the Habsburgs and that the marriage of his daughter will not benefit Aragón, he married again. With the sister of Gastón de Foix, Germana !!! She was many years younger than Fernando. But he married her just to have a male heir for his own kingdom and to avoid Aragón also falling in the hands of Philip. Germana bore a child, that lived only days. But... Alas! Philip died too. A young man as he was, the Spanish legend tells he died because he drank cold water after playing tennis in the hot Spanish summer. Although poisoning was (and still is) a popular explanation too, because... After the dead of king Philip, as Juana "the Mad" had been imprisoned in a convent by her husband Philip, it was Fernando who was appointed regent of Castile until the arrival from Flanders of his grandson, son of Juana and Philip, Charles. Trjm! Eleven years later.

[@princepscivitatis4083]

@@caniconcananas7687 Ferdinand and Maximilian's friendship goes all the way back to Mary of Burgundy. Initially, Charles the Bold wanted Ferdinand to marry Mary of Burgundy (as Aragon and Burgundy were lifelong enemies of France and a union between the two states allowed them to sandwich France in between). Ferdinand instead chose Isabella I of Castile and Charles the Bold looked for other suitors (among whom were King Edward IV of England's brothers; George of Clarence and the future king Richard III). Ferdinand advocated on behalf of Maximilian, the input was greatly regarded by Charles and before he was killed at Nancy, he chose Maximilian as Mary's groom. Maximilian never forgot this advocation. Then, when the Castilian War of Succession broke out, Afonso V of Portugal sought the help of Louis XI of France. He asked Louis to invade Aragon. At the time, Louis and Maximilian were fighting over Burgundy and Louis and Ferdinand both feared a two-front war. Coordinated Aragonese-Burgundian skirmishes were carried out and in Roussillon and Cerdagne Ferdinand won and he negotiated a peace favouring both him and Maximilian. This further cemented their friendship. They were now bonded as both men (personal) and kings (official). When Spain initiated the Granada War, Maximilian sent aid (soldiers, ships and supplies). Especially during the Siege of Malagá. When Ferdinand sent the Aragonese fleet to help the Knights Hospitaller besieged by the Ottomans at Rhodes, it was a Burgundian fleet that protected the coast of Valencia from Maghreb raiders. When the marraige alliance between the Trastamaras and Habsburgs took place (Juan de Trastamara married Margaret of Habsburg and Juana de Trastamara married Philip of Habsburg) it had 0 effect on the personal relationship between the 2 Monarchs themselves. To showcase it: In 1503, Philip was made Aragonese Ambassador to France. As such, he was told to go negotiate a treaty (the Treaty of Lyon) favourable to Aragon with Louis XII of France. What did Philip do? He went and negotiated a treaty favourable to him and Louis at Ferdinand's expense. In the treaty, the 1499 marraige between Charles and Claude was re-established. Naples was to be split in two with the North going to France and the South going to *Claude* (essentially, also France). As Claude's "husband" Charles was given jure uxoris power and as Charles was underage, Philip was to be regent. The immediate Spanish victory at the Battle of Seminara avoided the treaty from ever manifesting. According to Pedro de Ayala (Principal Ambassador of the Crown of Aragon), when news reached of this betrayal to Maximilian...he is said to have rebuked Philip infront of the whole damn Imperial Court. When in 1506, Philip planned to sail to Castile with an army to wrestle the Kingdom from Ferdinand if need be, he requested Maximilian to give him a contingent of Imperial troops and the right to fly the Imperial banner as King of Rome. What did Maximilian do ? He refused and warned any military action against the King of Aragon would have dire consequences. So, it's almost as if Maximilian chose Ferdinand over his own son. If that doesn't speak to their friendship, I don't know what will. Also, Philip didn't die of poisoning. There's a whole damn autopsy report about how he was not poisoned. Fun fact: Maximilian didn't oppose or try to prevent Ferdinand from sireing another heir to Aragon. Hell, he wanted his grandchildren Eleanor or Ferdinand, to marry whomever was born to Germaine and Ferdinand (in true Habsburg fashion). Maximilian knew Ferdinand's beef was with Philip and not him or his family. Ferdinand even gave Maximilian's daughter; Margaret of Habsburg, an annual sum of 20,000 ducats after her second husband; the Duke of Savoy, died and she refused to remarry.

[@giltineful]

@@Leptospirosi exactly if you think that the League of Cambrai was made in order to destroy Venice. Not bad as a result

[@darrynmurphy2038]

Last time we had a warrior Pontiff of Rome called Julius fighting the French, the Roman Republic was still standing

[@TheMountAndBladerX10]

"ah yes, your excellency, surely you chose your name after the saintly Pope Julius I, who fought valiantly against arianism" Julius II: "Pope who?"

[@tentathesane8032]

@@TheMountAndBladerX10 username checks out

[@kingfedrick4698]

NO ONE CAN...... FIGHT LIKE GASTON! NO ONE LEADS LIKE GASTON! NO ONE WINS A WHOLE BATTLE THEN DIES LIKE GASTON!

[@shrektheswampless6102]

23:40 bruh moments

[@090giver090]

Dude, that's... wonderful!

[@brandonkohler6677]

I was looking for this

[@angusyang5917]

League of Cambrai: We outnumber you six to one. Venice: I like those odds.

[@erhanozaydin853]

On a sidenote, Ottomans hated fighting a complicated enemy as Venice. That is not because of their prowess at fighting (which they had ample), but the empire needed Venetian trade. Take the metal tin for example. Ottoman cannons needed tin in their alloys and empire had none. Venetians though, never refrained to sell the metal to Ottomans even when they were at war with the empire. Ottoman Empire never could hope to understand Venice. Now it is clear to me after watching this, other players in Europe at the time had that dilemma too.

[@leonzoful]

One word: capitalism. That's how weird things like that can happen

[@leonzoful]

@Carlos Manuel Pimentel Espinal yep, you have to remember that the State interests not necessarily match those of their citizens interests.

[@erhanozaydin853]

​@Carlos Manuel Pimentel Espinal Read it on an academic article here in Turkey, can't reference it though. Completely normal phenomenon, Venice could outlive a war, but never not trading.

[@erhanozaydin853]

​@Carlos Manuel Pimentel Espinal I could only make a make a guess, and your guess is as good as mine. It seems to me they only needed a limited quantity and Venetians seemed a reliable source. That was the power of Venice. They promised and delivered even as they were fighting you somewhere else, very probably at an insane premium. They made you cover some of the costs of the war. Even today Turkey imports tin mostly form Chile.

[@theawesomeman9821]

Couldn't the Ottoman's just conquer Venice?

[@ElBandito]

France: I want ALL of you, Italy. Italy: Best I can do is Nice.

[@jacopofolin6400]

@@tibsky1396 the league of Cambrai was more a all vs Venice

[@AlexC-ou4ju]

and Corsica

[@TheAtmosfear7]

And Savoy.

[@gauravrao6529]

Damn, and 80 year old Pope commanding armies makes that position seem more fun, though it was more business as usual for the Italian states than the Other kingdoms

[@piotrzbies8683]

Actually he was 70 year old. He was born in 1443.

[@jesseberg3271]

Ah yes, it's one thing when the Pope uses his role to play secular politics against _other people_ but as soon as he starts using that on them, suddenly everyone's a religious reformer who's deeply concerned about the Church not getting involved in worldly affairs.

[@geesixnine]

Thus the Reformation

[@IPlayWithFire135]

Oh no, you have it wrong, this was purely spiritual concern.

[@danielzhang1916]

because no one wants to deal with the pope

[@emanueleabrami8355]

I am Italian (born and living in Brescia that you mentioned multiple times) and we still remember and celebrate those victories and those losses!

[@iraqlobster7678]

What about Bergamo?

[@ElBandito]

*Gaston is caught alone while charging retreating enemy and dies* Cesare: First time?

[@quin2392]

I don't even understand why he charged in the first place

[@fa14bi-78]

@@quin2392 That's what happens when you see people run away from you who could possibly reorganize themselves if they escape.

[@jaythompson5102]

@@quin2392 He got greedy wanted to annihilate as much of the Spanish Army as possible to cow them into submission and impress his bosses.

[@nolletthibault2031]

@@quin2392 that's called pursuit, normally everyone does that when your enemy is in flight, to maximise casualties. It's just that sometimes you're really out of good luck.

[@RobertWF42]

This is my favorite historical period. It must have been a challenge for generals to find the optimal combination & deployment of all these different types of units: pikes, arquebuses & cannon, sword and buckler men, knights, etc. Plus longbows or crossbows that were becoming obsolete but still had their uses - like plunging fire on units behind field fortifications? Charles the Bold of Burgundy experimented with formations of pikes in front ranks, longbows in the rear, but don't think they fared to well v. the Swiss with their solid pike blocks.

[@Pr0m3th3us]

It seems Venice favors the ancient fighting strategy of: If I don't know what the hell I'm doing, you sure as shit don't.

[@giovannipoeta1278]

Fun fact, in 1508 the emperor Maximilian of the Holy Roman empire tried to invade the venetian territory however he was severely defeated at the battle of Cadore after that the venetians occupied several cities (including Fiume)

[@ikad5229]

Commanded by the great Bartolomeo d'Alviano. Not only did he win against the Imperials at Cadore, he then went on to occupy/conquer Trieste, Gorizia, Rijeka/Fiume, Pordenone and Pisino. Not only that, but he played a major role in the victories at Garigliano and Marignano. Both really important victories of the Italian Wars.

[@maxkennedy8075]

•Very wealthy peninsula controlled by dozens of bickering city states •One very big city state wants to expand •Hungry foreign powers looking in •Spiritual leader of all of western Christendom found here Yep, this is going to be a clusterfuck

[@napoleonibonaparte7198]

Had Pope Julius II deployed an army of Priests instead, he would have conquered all of Italy with captured armies.

[@gabrielferreira1531]

Empire Earth style conversion of warfare? With priests converting the enemy troops and citzens ?

[@TwoFistsOneHalleluja]

@@gabrielferreira1531 wololo

[@username12120]

Wolololololololololo!

[@090giver090]

WOLOLO!!!

[@jramseier]

I love how the Swiss attempted to attack twice but were held off. Then when the moment was right they just took a huge chunk of north Italy lol

[@tolrem]

Imagine being a civilian with family just trying to lead a quiet life with this endless crap going on.

[@dominicguye8058]

Ikr

[@Leptospirosi]

Having the possibility to watch the movements in real time on a map helps so much in understanding the evolving field of operations on the grand scheme of things!

[@AlphaCrucis]

This channel has really helped me appreciate European history, which I used to think was a hopelessly confusing mess that I'd never understand.

[@RoboticDragon]

Guys couldn't wait till I finished breakfast, WELL, neither could I! Italian Wars #3 Let's Goooo. I would like to give a special shout out to great pronunciation of names and places too.

[@mitt5163]

@@colbunkmust in Italian that’s the way it should be pronounced

[@Dwg256]

#58.

[@overlordover114]

Italians wars: every one can be enemy and ally

[@skiteufr]

If the young promising Gaston de Foix, duc de Nemours, had survived, I am sure he would have had an outstanding career and even be considered as one of the greatest French commanders of the royal armies like Turenne, de Montmorency, Condé...

[@dominicguye8058]

He already is. . .

[@kaustubhlunawat7827]

Dude got too much in his head and charged infantry retreating in good order.

[@leeboy26]

♫No one sacks a city so well as Gastooooon!!♫

[@sp1d3rm0nk3y33]

ahahahahha

[@abcdef27669]

And then you remember that Gaston from the remake of Beauty and the Beast was a war veteran...

[@italianspaghett4359]

The Most Chad and Serene Republic of Venice casually taking on half of Europe and turning them against each other made my day. Love you, island bois

[@theawesomeman9821]

"There's no one like Gaston!"

[@darkstar4102]

I love 16 century battles thanks

[@pierluigimartuzzi849]

Since I'm from Ravenna and I really love history, I've liked your video a lot. Bravo.

[@bravokilo8478]

Like clockwork, great to know every 2 days or so these hardworking creators pump out these glorious videos. Once again, BRAVO!

[@fedethefico]

Incredibly fascinating! Thank you! Keep them coming!!

[@matthewboyle2641]

Sir, we're killing the French with our artillery as well. Alfonso: Great, two birds one stone. Hey, has anyone seen Gaston?

[@jaythompson5102]

Really liking this series one of your best and I've seen them all!

[@aaronwalker4017]

Another brilliant video.. Amazing part of history, and very well presented in this video..awesome work K&G

[@yaketyquax2615]

"So, anyway, I started blastin" -Alfonso d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, probably. Arnaud Amalric would've liked this guy...

[@jasoncastle4818]

Outstanding, the time it must take to put something like this together is not lost on us viewers! Love this series.

[@charlesjohnson6777]

Me and my son love all your videos they are so well done and historically accurate. Please keep the videos coming

[@LifeHackTobi]

I really amazed by this series I love the Italians war with it's pure chaos and alliance shifting. I'm really excited for the battle of Marigano thanks for making those videos guys.

[@Pietro-mr4wz]

please continue this awesome series

[@judejoanis6030]

Awesome explanation of one of the most complicated of Italian Wars.

[@aikuborsetti7118]

I have to admit I really enjoyed this video, especially because my birth town was mentioned (Lonato). Hearing about its involvement in this turbulent period of history really brought a wide smile on my face.

[@robbabcock_]

Great episode! I can't wait for the next one.

[@138monkey9]

XD you just said "flowers the barbarians". My god i love these italian wars videos you're making, anyway

[@dominicguye8058]

🤣🤣🤣

[@valentindegen]

Battle of Marignano was the end of Swiss expansion...can‘t wait for your video!

[@loupiscanis9449]

Thank you , K&G .

[@andreasleonardo6793]

Excellent historical channel ( king's and generals)...share another amazing video thanks for sharing

[@JohnThorpe1623]

The other day I watched the movie "The Agony and the Ecstasy" about Michelangelo and Pope Julius II. Wanting to know more about the militarism of Julius II, I knew EXACTLY where to go: Kings & Generals Channel! They've got videos about ALL the historical wars. And lo and behold, you did! Thank you for your great work and for the comprehensiveness of it. I've had more than one occasion to be grateful for all you do.

[@rwagingsloth9528]

never managed to be within 25seconds of an upload before. don't even know what this is about, rarely do. I just thoroughly enjoy your narration and visuals.

[@jeffagain7516]

I think I suffered cerebral whiplash more than once trying to keep track of all the players in this chess game. I suspect the real life players did as well. :) Awesome job coordinating of all this and presenting it to us in a very coherent format K&G (esp Johan!) thanks very much!

Excellent video, the League of Cambrai is one of the most confusing parts of the Italian Wars for me and in this first part you solved all my doubts regarding the alliances and betrayals that happened, it was all so Machiavellian, but the funny thing is that all The European powers in this conflict used the excuse of "winning to unite against the Ottomans", when in the end the Turks only saw from afar how the Christian forces killed each other, while they did whatever they wanted in the Balkans. An interesting fact about the Battle of Ravenna is that several of the Spanish commanders who fought there, like the Marquis of Pescara, gained experience and learned from this defeat correctly, because the way of fighting against the French in the battle of Pavia a decade later, was based mainly on an attempt to not repeat the coordination mistakes made between the cavalry and the infantry at Ravenna (the cavalry charged alone and left the Spanish flanks exposed, which ended up deciding the battle alongside the incessant bombardment, as seen in the video); Pescara in 1525 managed to successfully resolve the previous problems, taking advantage of a more cohesive deployment in the field, while relying on the discipline and protagonism of the Spanish Coronelias and the German Landsknechts, as the main support of the imperial cavalry (which by alone, it was of worse quality than the French one).

[@crispinrovere]

Very much raised on this history. Thank you.

[@ageingviking5587]

Good stuff Ks and Gs . Thank you

[@antera1524]

French history student here, the wars of Italy are on the program rn, these videos are very usefull to complement my lessons. Thank you.

[@BESTYEAROFMYLIFE]

On l’étudie en ce moment en L1 perso

[@markusskram4181]

Another fascinating video

[@nuzulqreshna3575]

I hope you also cover seigneur de Bayard "the last perfect knight" one of the greatest chivalric knights in history, as far I know he was very active during the Italian War.

[@Sirxchrish]

The real reason these italians went to war was because someone put pineapple on the pizza.

[@grimgoreironhide9985]

No it’s because Phil Leotardo wanted to make sure everyone knew he did 20 years in the can. Or the war was actually caused by those two black guy ran that way.

[@sakonbutthead9829]

Hahaha

[@Mezzogiorno84]

Masterpiece!

[@ckaiborbor]

I love how you guys incorporate your sponsors into the story lol if only the royals of Christendom had Endel, what a different world we may live in!

[@meofamily4]

The French win a crushing victory, and then their enemies are so wrought up that they combine to surround and expel them. Empty victory indeed.

[@thebigone6071]

Kings and Generals are the best historians ever!!! The 🐐s!!!!

[@RenegadeRanga]

European leaders and armies change alliances more often than the weather changes in Melbourne. Would have made more sense for the French to disengage and let the cannons keep doing the bulk of the damage once the Spanish Cavalry was dealt with at Revenna.

[@charlescook5542]

They wouldn’t want to use all their powder in one battle, it was effective enough to wreck and draw out the cavalry. Also the cannons tended to explode so overusing them could mean none for the next fight.

[@charlesjohnson6777]

I love kings n generals.

[@rutufn0596]

The battle of ravenna was like a pyrrhus's victory for the french !

[@firstnamelastname4249]

The league of Cambri is like realm divide for Venice

[@neutronalchemist3241]

But it passed in history as the first pitched battle won by the artillery. The Spanish-Papal battleplan was similar to that of Cerignola, and would have ended the same way. With the Spanish holding the positions and inflicting casualties on the attacking French until the attackers were too fatigued to resist the final countercharge. It had been the artillery that made the Spanish position untenable, forcing them to attack too early.

[@ramthianthomson601]

Thank you.

[@Aginor88]

Interesting as per usual.

[@adamndirtyape]

I've got to the point with these videos that I click on Like before I even watch them before I know it's going to be excellent no matter what the topic is.

[@246vili]

So the French won the battle of Ravenna, but ended up losing most of their leaders and Lombardy afterwards. Talk about pyrrhic victory.

[@Itachi951000]

They lost the best commander of the entire war (Gaston de Foix/the Duke of Nemours). Such a stupid death at that! The battle was already won..............

[@salakiadam24]

I lost the storyline about 3 minutes in because of the fancy Italian names I cant differ from one another but great video nontheless!

[@enricomanno8434]

I know that... for you can be easier to understand if the names were..Ali.. Abdullah..Fadi .. Omar etc etc

[@dominicguye8058]

@@enricomanno8434 ???

[@enricomanno8434]

@@dominicguye8058 What's so strange about Italian names? I would like to understand

[@brokenbridge6316]

As soon as I saw the title of this video. I knew this would be a fun story to tell. Also I think Gaston should've taken some more precautions. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.

[@philipryan25]

Thank you

[@SofaMuncher]

Unrelated to the topic but I prefer sponsorships like this one, something like endel could really help a lot of people.

[@obversant_nomad]

K&G please do a video of the Ispah rebellion. Enjoying the content.

[@matthewboyle2641]

almost 30 minutes long K and G video let's go!

[@AlexFlodder]

Minor nitpick. 12:50 Ajaccio, is on the map twice, next to each other. And that is the only error I could see in such an informative video. Good work guys!

[@dominicguye8058]

The southern one should be Bonifacio

[@raptorjesues1445]

Damn, i love this stuff

[@michaelsinger4638]

Gaston de Foix, what a premature end to a brilliant military career.

[@ykardasis]

Incredrible story but what a mess!!! I had to watch the video twice so many leaders involved, it's impossible to keep a track of all actions! However, excellent given as always!

[@TheKingDain]

Indiscriminate cannon fire like that seems like what a race of totally non-exiting rodents of unusual size would do. That we are actually dealing with the Imperial armies of Maximilian I makes this doubly amusing to an enthusiast of the period of which partly inspired said setting with said rodents.

[@aqui1ifer]

I would make a joke here, but my rodent-tongue isn’t that good 🤣

[@S3Cs4uN8]

All casualties are acceptable casualties to non-existent rodents of unusual size.

[@matthewperez9962]

Yes

[@nicolasnod7359]

I'm not sure if I should be afraid or amazed at the sponsor of this video. It's like one of the first most obvious steps into mankind merging with technology to the point of psychique dependance. Impresive to think that an app can get to know you so well and even study your surroundings (probably via GPS, automaticly, using online weather reports). That it can produce a sound specifically designed for you, to help you relax and/or sleep. And at the same time I can't help but think of things like the G note from South Park, and imagine a hivemind AI enslaving us via producing sounds that either cause a lot of pain or leave us completley helpless. But then again, I might need to find a hobby to occupy my time instead of overthinking things.

[@paolostival6972]

Even if I'm from Brescia Gaston de Foix's speech before the battle of Ravenna is still one of m favorite ever.

[@bangsamoro5210]

I'm your biggest follower, but can you upload a historical war of sulu or sultanate of sulu and there conquest.. thank you

[@macu679]

I hope we'll get an episode about Machiavelli after you finish this series :)

[@MongoIndyleo]

It sounds like Northern Italy would be a lot more French today if Gaston hadn't been killed at the very end of a battle that he had already won.

[@leonzoful]

Not really, eventually Spain would have taken Milan just as it did in reality. Maybe the only difference would be something like 5 years or so.

[@kakhagvelesiani3877]

French retook Milan in 1515, but lost it again in 1521 to Charles V. So not that much would change.

[@enricomanno8434]

The Alps already have been the northern border of Italy well established by the Romans And still till today inspite all the wars and pseudo occupation by other European countries

[@Mrkabrat]

Guess no one launches a night raid like Gaston

[@konsyjes]

It's fascinating. The way Venice found a calm and experienced way to deal with basically EVERYONE ganging up on them, and survive in the face of an existential threat. Yield the first assault to the enemy, let them enter into your domain, withdraw and concentrate your forces in key holdings, fight an attritional, Fabian war and let events take their course until the tide changes... Then we have Pope Julius, who is to a large extent to blame for the whole thing, and also for it going sideways halfway through. Crazy old man. If the Spanish commander had the foresight to place his light cav in the forest on the other bank of the river, things might have went differently. Also the Duke of Ferrara. What an asshole, but, looking at that wiki list of sides and forces - he has a point.

[@finntadie191]

"Stop firing! You are hitting our men!!!" Said the spanish "Lol" said the Duke of Ferrera "lmao"

[@hadrienraymond5224]

Dijon is the capital city of the Duchy of Burgundy which was a french possession at the time. On the map Dijon is placed as the capital city of the County of Burgundy modern Franche-Comté but it is false, the capital city of this county was Besançon. In the Hundred Years War videos you put a city logo with the name Auvergne on it. Auvergne is not a city, it’s the region at the center of France and it’s capital city is Clermont (modern Clermont-Ferrand). French geography is not yet your strongest attribute 😉

[@charlibravo371]

I'm always amazed at the amount of conflicts in historical Europe. I do think there has been a more violent place in history although ancient China and Japan come close.

[@lerneanlion]

If Venice fell earlier in history by this League of Cambrai, how will this affect the Ottoman Empire and the rest of Europe?

[@Vatra91]

the ottoman would have conquered much of southern-center italy and the balkans, it was the venetian navy that stopped the ottomans, with help of diplomacy and that the ottomans with venice that sold many of their products to the rest of europe until the mid 1600. Look at lepanto for example, more than half of the ships were venetians.

[@ninjaa6952]

@@Vatra91 ottomans wouldve got stomped if they got into Italy they where already surfering horrible defeats in the balkans against smaller armies for years. Also they did invade Italy at otranto and got defeated, even if the did get far they would've been destroyed by a Christian coalition they would've never let the ottomans take the Holy city of Rome.

[@Capellix0001]

Nice

[@keshavamurthyk2883]

Sir please upload videos of Alexander conquest

[@seleukosnikator7347]

As always great video. At least someone talking about the battle of Agnadello. At the end of the video however, you talk about Swiss mercenaries. They were not mercenaries as they fought for the Swiss cantons.

[@johanm571]

At that point, they were still mercenaries, yes the governments of Europe negotiated with the Cantons and the Swiss diet, but they can still be considered mercenaries. This changes somewhat after the Battle of Ravenna

[@Jhonnyoliv]

Imagine if Venice republic wined this battle, could they start a new empire like Rome did centures before? I think maybe. Venice were a merchantile republic state, rich and strategicly well positioned in mediterain. Pretty much the same what Rome were before the expansion througout the italic peninsula

[@amogus948]

If I m not wrong by the time the war started the French were the only ones who could wage war on Venice while the rest of the League had still to assemble/organize their armies (especially the Hasburgs who had been badly defeated the year before) Had the two Venetian generals agreed on the strategy (D Alviano wanted a battle, Orsini to stay on the defensive and this split the army in two), had they collaborated at Agnadello (Orsini refused to reinforce D Alviano) or had the stradioti cavalry charge led by the bold general succeded (they arrived pretty close to the French king) then the battle could have been a Venetian victory Still even with a triumph at Agnadello the war was still from over, it could have gone for the worse (e.g. a stronger Venice would have united the League even more convincing them to fight until the republic was destroyed), for the better (E.g. Venice starts advancing even further conquering Milan in Lombardy and defeating the HRE and the Pope in detail) or the outcome could have been almost the same

[@Jesse_Dawg]

The commander who at 23:12 who said fire wherever you want my bombardiers is hilarious at his support and betrayel for his allies lmao