Menas Kafatos - What Does Quantum Theory Mean?

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Күн бұрын

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@elonever.2.071 Жыл бұрын

Quantum theory means that the workings of the Universe are not black and white, it is not purely mechanistic nor purely materialistic. There are forces involved in the working of the Universe that we don't understand yet that allow light to act as a particle and as a wave somewhat simultaneously. The same with water; it acts as a particle when in droplet form and as a wave when amassed in huge numbers of droplets. That there seems to be a sentient force involved in at least some of these processes as we see with the double slit experiments and the formation of random photon hits or wave formation depending on whether the experiment is being observed or not. And that experiment has shown that the observer is part of the experiment by having his/her bias alter the outcome significantly. This requires a whole new mindset to understand these processes and it seems that physicists are having a hard time making that adjustment...although there are a few who are starting to understand that this is necessary. It appears that there is a malleable quality also especially with the human aspect with the discovery of epigenetics. Researchers have been able to splice computer code into the genetic material of living organisms and this brings up a whole set of questions that need to be understood before we can move on with our quantification of the Universe. There hasn't been any real groundbreaking revelations in the physics world in the last fifty years. In order for that to change the puppet masters of the Science world have to change their stance of keeping the status quo and allow the researchers to go where the research leads them, which they are unwilling to do right now. In order for man to move on in the newly discovered quantum Universe researchers have to be untethered and their blinders removed so the unexpected discoveries can be made as they have always been and allow our intellect to grow into the next new phase of understanding the complexity of our Universe.

@Bill..N Жыл бұрын

Menas explained these features of Q.M very well. We have experimentally verified entanglement, superpositions, tunneling, And the wave/particle duality of particles as well.. STILL, the majority in the field see QM as an INCOMPLETE theory, needing some revisions.. Makes one wonder if that will ALWAYS be the case..

@dongshengdi773 Жыл бұрын

(Denial in the Physicist Community) Physicists in Denial The theory of relativity informs us that our science is a science of our experience, and not a science of a universe that is independent of us as conscious observers. This nature of our science is also reflected in the formulation of quantum mechanics, since the main formulation of quantum mechanics does not provide direct rules for the behaviour of particles. Instead, it provides rules that concern only the results of measurements by observers. This means that the observer is an intrinsic part of the main formulation of quantum mechanics, and what differentiates the observer from physical particles has to be mind and consciousness. As John von Neumann and Eugene Wigner pointed out, this means that consciousness has an intrinsic role to play in quantum mechanics. Why then has there been so much resistance to recognizing this fundamental fact? And why have physicists, for more than a century, persistently tried to get rid of the observer, even if it meant-in defiance of Occam’s razor-having to insert, by hand, additional hypothetical ad hoc conditions to the basic formulation? The underlying problem appears to be the need to fit this intrinsic role of consciousness, in quantum mechanics, into the prevailing view, in Western philosophy, of a mind-matter duality. An attempt to fit the role of consciousness into this framework of a mind-matter duality would unfortunately lead to solipsism, and that is the main problem. So the vast majority of physicists gravitate, instead, to the stance of materialism, and hence the need for them to free quantum mechanics from the conscious observer. The formulation of quantum mechanics actually does not, in any way, suggest a mind-matter dichotomy, and it certainly does not suggest either materialism or solipsism. Quantum mechanics actually points to a middle way between these two extremes of materialism and solipsism, a realization that both Werner Heisenberg and Wolfgang Pauli eventually reached. This means that the formulation of quantum mechanics actually points to the philosophical viewpoint of the Buddhist Madhyamika philosophy, also known as the Middle Way philosophy. Madhyamika philosophy would allow us to include the role of consciousness in quantum physics without ending up in the extremes of either solipsism or materialism.

@TorgerVedeler-j8v Жыл бұрын

This is fascinating. It got me to thinking about the question: Is there a limit to what our brains can comprehend, what is that limit (if there is one), and how would we know if we have reached it? The uncertainty principle is counterintuitive to our daily lives, but we can talk about it and understand the idea, at least. But are there other things that we simply cannot? I don’t know, but I sure enjoy watching these discussions where people are pushing the boundaries.

@0ptimal Жыл бұрын

Yea I think there's a limit, but it's akin to the limits of an ever expanding universe. Expanding for us would mean the continued acquisition of knowledge, experience, which enables a deeper understanding with which to perceive from. Perspective is often the key to a new understanding.

@factchecker2090 Жыл бұрын

We know by perception and It is obvious that there are limits to our perception. even with extensions like telescopes microscopes wireless communication etc. Hence the implication that we will never know the reality of existence in its entirety. I would say if quantum states apply to particles, it would very well apply to existence per se and all its constituents.

@JRush374 Жыл бұрын

The limit is bounded by the amount of information contained in the number of particles that make up a brain

@dongshengdi773 Жыл бұрын

"The public has a distorted view of science because children are taught in school that science is a collection of firmly established truths. Physicist Freeman Dyson. To worship God means to recognize that mind and intelligence are woven into the fabric of our universe in a way that altogether surpasses our comprehension. "God is what mind becomes when it has passed beyond the scale of our comprehension." Freeman Dyson 2002a .

@KyleYoung143 Жыл бұрын

Surely I'm not the only one who thinks that this guy looks just like Kristoff from the Truman Show...

@matthewstengrim Жыл бұрын

The only reason I clicked on this video was because of that

@Joenasr Жыл бұрын

You got it right ;)

@factchecker2090 Жыл бұрын

Of all the Quantum Mechanics videos, this is by far the best and explained in very simple layman language.

@peteranderson2687 Жыл бұрын

Seems to me that there are 2 basic principles in nature (the physical world around us) that need to be understood ... 1) You can't have one without the other. For example, day and night, hot and cold, good and bad, male and female, head and tails of a coin, and the list goes on. How can we understand one if we haven't experienced both sides of the same coin? I think the idea of yin and yang expresses this perfectly. 2) The whole is greater sum of it's parts. For example, a motor car. If we have all the parts lying around in a pile we just have a pile of parts. But, if we put them together as a whole they may work together in unison. There are so many different systems, electronic, breaking, power etc that need specialised knowledge that can not be put into one package. Just like the universe we live in.

@0ptimal Жыл бұрын

Love his words at the end. About life expressing itself using the same expressions in different areas on different scales.

@Bassotronics Жыл бұрын

I want to know about quantum charge. The smallest state where charge becomes quantized or where charge has no properties as we know in the macro scale.

@0-by-1_Publishing_LLC Жыл бұрын

(1:00) *MK: **_"Opposite is key, but not exclusive of that position."_* ... Ironically, Menas is echoing my position that "Existence" is based on a dichotomic particle-antiparticle template. "Middle ground" (or "and-or") is a secondary effect that can only be established after the dichotomy is made present.

@brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

In what way does MK's particle/wave complementarity "echo" your particle/antiparticle dichotomy?

@0-by-1_Publishing_LLC Жыл бұрын

@@brothermine2292 *"In what way does MK's particle/wave complementarity "echo" your particle/antiparticle dichotomy?"* *3rd Law of Existence:* _"For any comprehensible reference point to exist, a minimum of one additional reference point must exist that is equally comprehensible and able to be juxtaposed with the other. This reference point can be similar, different, or diametrically opposed (matter and space, positive and negative, black and white) as long as it abides by all other Laws of Existence."_ *Example:* A quark-antiquark pairing satisfies the minimum requirement of the 3rd Law, but this spectrum is closed and cannot evolve. There type of spectrum contributes nothing more to "Existence." *4th Law of Existence:* _"The existence of whatever has obeyed the first three Laws of Existence can only be sustained through the formation of a closed or dynamic spectrum (or array) that is _*_able to evolve._*_ Two reference points serve as the minimum requirement to form a spectrum with the 4th law establishing what type of spectrum is formed. If only two reference points are present within a spectrum and evolution is not possible, then this becomes a closed spectrum that is immediately subject to the 5th Law of Existence."_ *Example:* A positively charged proton and negatively charged electron also satisfy the 3rd Law, but this pairing is able to evolve with the addition of a neutron within the spectrum. This type of evolution is why you and I currently exist instead of everything being annihilated during quark epoch. Particle-wave duality is Existence abiding by the 3rd Law of Existence in regard to what we call "motion." The antiparticle for "motion" is "stationary," but we perceive everything as being in motion in the quantum world. For us, the term "stationary" is a local (relative) reference. A particle represents "stationary" to the quantum and the wave function represents "motion." The many positions found in between represent "Existence" trying to *evolve* this closed, two-point spectrum into a dynamic spectrum that it can evolve as per the 4th Law of Existence. ... _I'm here for ya, man!_

@johnphillips3233 Жыл бұрын

I think Einstein was wrong about a couple things…. I think Time is constant on the quantum level not the speed of light. That would explain entanglement … No communication just on the same time…

@TheDeepening718 Жыл бұрын

Complacency is the bridge between reward and punishment, symbolically referred to as 'light and dark'.

@kallianpublico7517 Жыл бұрын

Everyone goes after what they do not have. What do photons and electrons not have? If your starting point determines your direction what are forces? Where is gravity going? Complementarity must be a confusion between "eating your cake and having it". Given a choice between what you have and what you don't have, do you necessarily go for what you don't have? When is this choice not a choice? When you have purpose: intention, every choice leads to accomplishing... Like dice, particles and forces have no free will. All their choices skew one way. Or do they? Do we?

@catherinemira75 Жыл бұрын

What would that mean at the level of our own life and experiences? Are two people 'entangled' and for instance if they're not together but thinking about one another?

@DestroManiak Жыл бұрын

We need a "steal his look" meme on this guy.

@thepeadair Жыл бұрын

It should be obvious that we, in our current state, are not equipped to understand everything when we cannot explain consciousness.

@wayneasiam65 Жыл бұрын

Great interview. Thanks! A thousand years from now we'll have better instruments, better physics.

@willmosse3684 Жыл бұрын

That last part sounded like total nonsense to me. One implication of complementarity, or wave-particle duality, is the juxtaposition between competition and cooperation between animals in an ecosystem??!! Errr, what? How does the latter follow from the former? These seem like completely unrelated phenomena that perhaps resemble each other in as far as both seem to be things that are opposite that are both true depending on how you look at it. But a general resemblance based one one seemingly similar attribute is far from a direct relation between the two.

@svenmooij Жыл бұрын

When I saw the thumbnail, I thought lawrence Kuhn had shaved his mustache and put on a baret 😮😅

@Samsara_is_dukkha Жыл бұрын

If a limit to knowledge means a limit to making better and better weapons to kill each other in endless wars we might see the end of war as a means to solve conflicts and disagreements... finally.

@elonever.2.071 Жыл бұрын

I think conflict and abusive power are inherent in the human condition. Especially if life is viewed in a competitive struggle for survival. It has been shown that there is more cooperation involved in making the world habitable for ourselves and the other species of this planet. If we are ever able to forgo the competitive mindset and attain a more cooperative thought process then I agree with you that we will be able to put an end to conflict...disagreements will always happen, it is how we learn to resolve them that will determine whether the conflicts will end or not.

@Samsara_is_dukkha Жыл бұрын

@@elonever.2.071 If conflict and abusive power are inherent to the human condition, then consciousness and free-will are nothing but mere illusions. If we are nothing more than products of natural neurochemical reactions, then we can dismiss any notion of justice immediately. If conflict and power abuses result from cultural patterns then free-will is a reality and we can consciously decide to renounce violence and wars as means to resolving conflicts and disagreements. It seems to me that we always have a degree of choice as evidenced by the fact that some people consciously decide to opt for a vegetarian diet.

@aren8798 Жыл бұрын

The biggest flaw of this show is they only talk about ideas that are already public or well-known. Many of these ideas or just flawed. They need to break free and see reality in a different way.

@brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

Kafatos isn't a good communicator, at least not in English. For example, when he said we can't know everything, he should have said we can't completely measure the state of any system, even the tiniest systems.

@esorse Жыл бұрын

Faith in an omnipotent being leaves apparently Galileo's definition of speed, a scalar quantity for magnitude, equal to space divided by time scientifically undefined and even though Newton's conception of 'linear' time addresses this issue, acceleration in his equations of motion, is a vector quantity with magnitude and direction equal to final velocity minus intial velocity, both divided by time, however direction implies that velocity is used in a plural sense and therefore, a unique solution for acceleration cannot be found : quantum mechanics' entanglement may reinstitutionalize * this by defining any elementary 'quanta' point as an instantiated open interval, like 1 = (0, 2), one representing the open interval of uncountably infinite real numbers - rational numbers that have an x/y form where x and y not equal to zero are whole numbers, 0, 1, 2, .... and irrational numbers that don't - from zero to two exclusive ; you can describe some thing's journey by a straight line segment, but the entity maybe able to be without a straight line segment property ; even though elementary light, a massless photon, recognizes this in Einstein's equation energy equals mass multiplied by the three hundred million metre per second speed of light times the speed of light, doing so results in a contradiction if massless and zero mass are not the same. * The rules and conventions guiding behaviour.

@pallerj Жыл бұрын

Logic is the most fundamental. Nothing can be created without at the same time create the opposite. That means that everything in the universe is entangled. Particles don´t exist alone. They are always in pairs. They are probably a vortex in some field which produces both a particle and a anti-particle. Consciousness is a generator loop in the brain according to my TRANS theory.

@TheDeepening718 Жыл бұрын

The real 'this' is work. The real 'that' is play.

@esorse Жыл бұрын

@TimBitts649 Жыл бұрын

Complementarity in physics sounds like men and women in biology. "Not exactly the opposites are always separate but if you like dichotomy or a position yes however also union yes. In other words if I could put it in a very simple sentence it would be this and or that, this being the opposite of that, in ordinary experience opposite is key, opposite is key, but not exclusive opposition, not exclusive, they are still related to each other." The Universe is built on gender, yin and yang?

@piehound Жыл бұрын

Everybody NOSE . . . some turkey and some mistletoe . . . bla bla bla bla. No offense. I LIKE quantum stuff. Go ahead please.

@oremazz3754 Жыл бұрын

Thank you for the great videos. Consider that since 2021 a new interpretation has solved the weirdness in QM equations. No more duality expressed by one entity that conveniently reveals two antagonist roles, but two entities that coexist. As the thought "stuff in a media;" the stuff is the elementary particles of the standard model and the "media" is its quantum space. So compact stuff (mass particles, EM fields, etc) exists in its quantum space. Now, this space is in oscillation between our observable 3D and the 4th dimension. The 3D presence will be intermittent as Planck deduces in his great equation and the particle will be present in 3D meanwhile its space is in 3D, wave-particle coexistence! With every new fluctuation, the particles will randomly assume one of its valid solutions. In this way, quantum world presence is aleatory and on any observation only one valid solution is present; no more collapse catastrophes, nor the need for many full world constant creations. Entangled particles will share information when they are outside 3D, where 3D distance doesn't apply; in the same way, the barrier tunnel effect can be overcome and understood. At Amazon is a book titled: Can Relativity and quantum mechanics go together? that develop in simple language these ideas.. regards

@B.S... Жыл бұрын

Kafatos left out tunneling. Classical mechanics gives a 0% chance of a particle rolling uphill yet it occurs in quantum physics. The weirdness extends to metaphysics when you consider that there is no cause… no reason… no classical logic which is compatible with indeterminism. Quantum weirdness contradicts P1 of the Kalam >> "Everything that begins to exist has a cause." Fundamental reality is an indeterminate virtual quantum foam. The complementarity question is as old as Zeno’s Paradox.

@NeilEvans-xq8ik Жыл бұрын

In this universe I think quantum theory means the Everettian multiverse.

@markfischer3626 Жыл бұрын

"This and/or that." In plain language quantum mechanics is self contradictory. It's a model for which there is no mathematical analog. We can build and, or, nand, and nor logic circuits but we cannot build a logic circuit of and/or because it is not a rational argument. It's an imperfect theory that has irreconcilable contradictions both within itself and with relativity that physics believes to be true with equal conviction. The universe is not uncertain. Only human beings are uncertain. How can you change something by looking at it? Look at the sun. Does that change it? So it is also irrational. If we accept that there are limits to what we can know but we don't know what those limits are, then how do we know that they exist? Quantum mechanics cannot explain entanglement. It's a quirky question in a quandary of quantitative qualities. 😃 Complementarity of living organisms? I don't think so. Every living organism we know of has R sugars and L amino acids. If complementarity were real there would be organisms with L sugars and R amino acids. They would be indistinguishable in behavior but incompatible with each other. For example the complements of one would be useless as food for the other. I think physicists should stick to physics and not stick their noses into biology at least not until they have mastered physics. Since I was about 10 or 12 years old I understood that physicists studied particles by smashing them together in atom smashers in those days called cyclotrons, bevatrons, linear accelerators and observed the ashes of collisions. That's how they study it to this day only with far more energy. For me it's analogous to crashing two planes in midair, watching what falls out of the sky and using only that trying to figure out what enables the planes to fly in the first place. What a method. Every physicist I ever met, saw, read, encountered in any way including the one I roomed with for my last two years in college were stark raving mad. Small wonder. It's one of the reasons I didn't become one. I didn't want to end up like they are. 😆

@Maxwell-mv9rx Жыл бұрын

Guys quantan theory is his opnion because he keep up show it though phic law model proceedings. In other words he does understand quanta phich. Fundamental law of phich not still describes it so far. He quanta mind are undermines quanta phich.

@Bearkat87 Жыл бұрын

Tried to leave it be…but, what are you talking about?

@abeperdomo1401 Жыл бұрын

Balance . The opposite is their for balance.

@elonever.2.071 Жыл бұрын

Yes, it drives the pendulum effect that accentuates the presence of time and adaptation.

@stevecoley8365 Жыл бұрын

Quantum Mechanics Metaphysical Hiearchy Mystic (vision) Magical (harmony) Musical (language of music) Artistic (pictures/metaphors) Poetic (words) Numerical (we are here) Mystics create the most joy (smart) Accountants create the least joy (ignorant). Ever notice that beings who speak in the language of music can create joy that energizes thousands of beings to celebrate and dance? Ever notice that corpses who speak with brain numbing, soul sucking numbers do the exact opposite? Sanction, starve, torture, murder and bomb (wheeeee)! Ignorance (hate is bliss for vampires (greed). But not much fun for the humans who they are sucking the joy out of.

@patientson Жыл бұрын

Humans respectfully use on the spot moments efficiently to convey information but arrogantly disrespect time and moving forwards like time with all their mind, body, consciousness, and spirit (willpower and endurance). I love the idea of mathematics but humans are too fast to be calculated let alone figuring out acausal nature moving in tandem with the horizontal and vertical moments and attributes of one being. Any information you get should be used to better yourself and encourage others to do the same. Both theory and practical require extensive enumeration and these are gnarly in nature. Enumeration disguised as deduction reasoning under the auspices of life. Rise and walk, man and woman, roots and fruits, and patient and kind - all these are divine attributes of life and increase all at the same time. While you think the bible is not correct and have no pattern that mirrors other traditions around the world, you might miss out observing and implementing.

@S3RAVA3LM Жыл бұрын

GOD is light; one can not see light - attribute illumination allows one to see. Tesla - Light is a sound wave in the Ether, the Ether itself. Ether, Akasa, the Primordial waters, known as God Hiranyagarbha, from which the elements derive out of. GOD is a 'nothing' in comparison to a thing or something; 'not a thing'. This 'nothing' does not imply an absolute nothing, rather it is a nothing like to that which is 'some thing'. You do not come to the Truth or the Ultimate Knowledge by acknowledging every 'thing'; miniscule or grand. GOD is not that. I don't believe these men are even after Truth or Wisdom; ultimately GOD. What is their merit; what do they serve. Where do they want to go or plan to do with such Knowledge? These men are NOT about Truth, Justice, Honor, Wisdom, The Good, Beauty, harmony, Meaning. These men are afraid to fathom GOD? let alone seek out, and one reason for why they choose not to is because the other lost Souls around them, who they're acquainted with, do not etiher, thus they have no way of measuring themselves. Is that how we engage in and discover Truth: by comparing our empirical facts with another? Is that Truth? This GOD-given Intellect, yet many want to stay in agnosis(ignorance) because - why again? Codependency? Or because these scientists of today are sooo smart, they inherently Know best? What ever happened to being a MAN? There is brilliance ALL around us, even within us, yet you want to play with quantum bullshit? They think Truth is found in a particle or sound particle? For what? Why? Is GOD that silly to you people? You're 'out there' in quantum baloney land looking for what, Truth. Is life and all this not good enough? Is Wisdom not good enough? Is living like kings today not good enough? What are you looking for? Quarks, quantum particles, electrons, sound particles? What do you think you're achieving? What's the plan? What's the goal? What's the intention? Who cares about being a man, let's go to quantum baloney land? And when find this quantum Truth We Will Take Over The WORLD! Is that the idea? Where is your heads - you're out of your right mind.

@ravci2012 Жыл бұрын

There is no way we can know everything in and about the universe like we cannot know everything about GOD. So in a sense the universe is probably GOD..

@whitefiddle Жыл бұрын

"Their knowledge is limited," (always good to get the obvious out on the table early on). Ok, guys, we got a wardrobe malfunction going on here. Turn in your lab coats and report to work in your big red shoes. 🤡

@quantumkath Жыл бұрын

You are funny! I especially liked that thing on PBS 😄 I recommend the book by Chris Ferrie (2023) Quantum Bullsh*t: How to Ruin Your Life with Advice from Quantum Physics. I just downloaded it today and I am laughing out loud!

@whitefiddle Жыл бұрын

@@quantumkath Yup. There's a lot in "science" that lends itself to stand-up comedy. As one of the locals said about an implausible theory: "it's a scientific hypothesis consistant _[sic]_ with some models." Gotta love it.

@alinourbakhsh8338 Жыл бұрын

He just made it more complicated that it already is.... 👎

@maxwelldillon4805 Жыл бұрын

quantum mechanics is incomplete and internally inconsistent.

@brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

How is it self-inconsistent?

@Bearkat87 Жыл бұрын

I think that better describes our understanding of it. In fact, the goal of studying quantum mech is to eventually understand how it is consistent and the implications of those findings, you could say.

@maxwelldillon4805 Жыл бұрын

@@brothermine2292 the linearity of the schrödinger equation contradicts with the non-linearity of the measurement process (going from superposition to definite state).

@brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

@@maxwelldillon4805 : Although the Measurement Problem is an argument for QM's incompleteness, it doesn't imply QM is inconsistent. Einstein acknowledged its consistency.