Transistor working | Class 12 (India) | Physics | Khan Academy

[@BharathinfinityHegde]

i wasted hours and hours trying to make sense of the absolute madness that NCERT is, when i could've just watched a 11min video....a simply brilliant explanation

[@OmarKhan-ds1si]

When 5V are applied to pull electrons then why we need forward biasing volatge of 0.7V at base ?

[@revanthreddy5239]

Dude NCERT is not mad. A book is never mad, every book is great and special in its own way

[@teratrox4685]

@@revanthreddy5239 NCERT is a joke. Not all books are divine. If you are still adamant that every book is special, I'd like to know how you feel about Mein Kampf.

[@rishabhranjan5162]

@@teratrox4685 Ok clown🤡

[@siddharthamondal4346]

@@teratrox4685 I agree with you. Such a weird book. Never updated even once moreover many erratic piece of information given in NCERT. Our chem sir hunted lots of misinformation in NCERT

[@thunderbolt6276]

No lecture can match urs not even the paid ones hats off💂

[@shiwamkarn5215]

true

[@meghwati8373]

I almost felt like crying 'cause i couldn't understand the concept of transistor no matter how many videos i watch, no matter how many times my teacher explains to me. This video cleared all my confusion and gave a very clear explanation. Also, when the teacher in the video explains things he sounds so excited and happy that it makes me feel like I am actually studying something very exciting. Thank you for this video. It saved my day.

[@furiousarpan7473]

He is the king

[@sanjanasathsarani3573]

I can understand the the feeling we both were in the same boat before watching the video

[@Rohan_Verma__25]

Really bro For me transistor is very tough in entire 12th physics

[@محمدمحمد-خ5ع2ص]

Same

[@pritisarmah1688]

This is the only vid in KZbin which made my understand the concept. Thanks a lot😁

[@260eeeprasuna2]

I'm very possessive soo that's the reason I won't suggest anyone to watch your videos cause you are the best best best teacher in my life.... And your teaching is damn excellent... 👍🏻

[@fahimm3905]

Long story short: EXCELLENT teaching technique and the way to approaching to the key concept is just mind blowing! 😳

[@rajangidwani2007]

You have been my motivation ! I have been loving physics since I started watching your videos. 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥

[@sanjanasathsarani3573]

i actually do not have words to say ... i wasted lot of time to grap the thing inside a transister and finally i can rest in peace ....THANK YOU VERY MUCH

[@Spear8]

i cant tell u how thankful i am . i will definitely try to help you guys when I start earning on my own . Your that physics teacher we never knew we wanted

[@shiwamkarn5215]

finally i found a teacher who teaches in the way i wanted to learn..thank u so much bhaiya ..love u soo much

[@saturnjupiter6837]

This is probably the best video on transistor... I totally wasted hours to understand this concept but i couldn't. This video cleared the concept within 11 minutes .

[@tahmidislamtasen1602]

Best video on transistor on the internet 🎉

[@rameshjain17]

What a explaination ! ❤️ Hats off 🔥

[@TheLastWizardOfTheCentury-u7o]

Preparing for the first midterms?

[@rajobakhatun2201]

if there had had a way to rate, I would have rated this video 10 out of 10 over this topic! Honestly all of my confusions have gone over it, thanks💝

[@shafiajabeen9785]

What good have i done to deserve you Khan academy❤️. thank u Soo Soo much

[@manjeiy2453]

Alhamdullilah ☝️❤ now i have understood amplification atleast....thank you so much mister

[@niranjan7457]

Sir, at 04:55, you mentioned that no amount of supplied voltage would cause flow of electrons due to the presence of the barrier in the PN Junction. But a PN Junction is weakened by increasing voltage, right? So doesn't a weak barrier result in more flow of electrons sir? Kindly clarify

[@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish]

There are two barriers, right? Almost all the supplied voltage comes across the top barrier (collector/base junction) reverse biasing it. The lower PN barrier (Emitter/base junction) is pretty much unaffected, and so electrons cannot be pulled out.

[@ianbrewis8354]

I was thinking the same thing thanks for the explanation.

[@pamudusachintha5869]

Great explanation..Nothing can match that

[@iamtb100]

Yes. In very less time you explained a difficult topic. Thank you so much.. Teaching tools are also great.

[@FeeltheMusic_2024]

Man i tried to understand for the whole last night but this one single video made me understand everything... hats off fr

[@so.meYeah]

I don't know why most of the books teach this theory using the direction of current. It is more convenient to learn this part using the direction of flow of electron. I wasted hours to understand it until I came across this video. Thank You... Nothing Like This Channel...♥️

[@I20PH039SuryaPrakashG]

recombined electrons become neutral, how they can be pulled out left side? anyone please

[@fardowsoabdisaid]

Wow 👌 the first video made me understood this concept Thank khan ❤

[@RazaDarain]

I'm lucky to be here 😊

[@fl7866]

The video is great!! But why is it necessary for the electrons to undergo recombination in order to get pulled out?

[@OmarKhan-ds1si]

When 5V are applied to pull electrons then why we need forward biasing volatge of 0.7V at base ?

[@gauravav1635]

@@OmarKhan-ds1si same doubt

[@lakshitadixit5]

@@OmarKhan-ds1si because 0.7 V is the breaking voltage for silicon diode, means it cannot pass the the potential barrier which is the in built electric field in a PN junction from N to P which repels the flow of holes from P to N so in order for the holes to pass from P to N a voltage of 0.7 volt is required for a silicon diode doped with phosphorus and boron.

[@lakshitadixit5]

@@OmarKhan-ds1si there is no potential barrier bw the metallic plate and N so electrons can be pulled easily

[@lakshitadixit5]

Because recombination destroys holes and electron so for every electron destroyed another electron gets pulled and then the electron that gets pulled generates a new hole.

[@dawnwatching6382]

Great stuff, Mahesh up there as one of Khan Academy's best instructors!

[@khawjariyaz511]

Honestly better than physics wallah but underrated due to less drama... He gives education not drama

[@imsonecka]

istg bestest teacher ever on electronics

[@tusharchaudhari8107]

Absolutely insane🤯🤯🤯🤯

[@advaitagautam3505]

thank youuu 😄

[@vishnuprasadspillai2002]

Great video.. I ended up here to understand this thing... A crystal clear approach.. Thank you Khan Academy...

[@cyndia3663]

thank you so much for this and btw i like your handwriting :D

[@dawitabebe]

''When u think about sth u don't understand, u hv a terrible Uncomfortable feeling called Confusion some times it is very difficult and unhappy buisness ''

[@sreehariharikumar5865]

Simply brillant! LOVED IT❤

[@ayushchoubey635]

Teachers like this are blessing to humanity

[@Skz716]

Sir I thank you from bottom of my heart.❤️

[@shrutishankar2158]

I don't understand how the recombined electrons would give rise to base current..

[@SajjadKhan-jx4ql]

Electrons are attracted by the 0.7 V from base

[@shivangsingh2329]

This is just like gift from god. Feels like only thing i needed

[@aashibbaloch]

Finally understood the concept

[@sujithgowdakr46]

Really ... khan academy videos are the best .... the explanation of theory is so good . I wasted many hours in understanding this concept. But here I got the concept within 10 min . Thank you khan academy

[@rishujain0721]

Best conceptual videos on semiconductors on this channel..👍👍👍

[@08athakwaninandish16]

बहुत ही अच्छा और अतुलनीय विवरण दिया गया है।

[@moody261]

Wohh .. first time lecture on black screen seemed really interesting.. wanna watch others of your too

[@yewedmund]

If the sound to the mic is very loud to a point that makes the voltage higher than 5V, what would happen? since now the reverse bias becomes forward bias on top

[@revitharevitha5356]

We could add a resistor so that it doesn't exceed 5V.We could make the voltage drop

[@beautlin3652]

I'm very lucky to see this video😍😍 But my friends don't 😈😈

[@AfritopHappyFamily]

Me too❤

[@DisiCoco-nm2gw]

😡 share😢😒😊

[@SamiAl-Amir]

If the voltage is more than 0,7 why the electrons cant go through the deplition region. I dont understand why the transistor cant work with one battery

[@krithikashree1957]

perfect explanation with a nice example👏

[@patakotisrinivas1918]

Beautifully explained, as it explained practical example...hats off to u r lecture...really awesome

[@michaelcummings6178]

A lot of this has to do with proper polarization from external power sources to properly bias the devices

[@ahmadeldesokey9844]

Best video on transistors .♥♥

[@TheMariapparaj]

Very simple and brilliant explanation.

[@thrupthishetty896]

Omy god his explanation is so awesome

[@priyeshvishwakarma2655]

Great explanation sir ,this is what I needed 🙏❤️

[@freidarhealness5216]

The transistor is probably the most genius invention in the history of human beings.

[@DrAdityaReddy]

The diode is. imo

[@mohitgrover1915]

Finally got the best channel after watching sooooo many videos..🙏🙏💯💯💯

[@ganeshbodepu9845]

At 8:25 mins, when you talk about the small fraction of recombined electrons and as a result get pulled out of the base. Why would they be pulled out after recombining?

[@deeCodes-1]

I don't think every electron gets the chance to recombine because P region is very lightly doped. And before an electron gets the chance to recombine, it might get pulled into the 0.7v terminal because the probability of recombination is very less here.

[@Aditya-ir1ko]

Sir these are the things which makes my concept in ECE luv from nit kkr

[@eliasthurner7142]

very well said

[@allrounder2367]

Kindly explain more how an electron must go under recombination to be attracted from the base voltage?

[@mosalah151]

Incredible explanation

[@shawarmasharma4293]

OH MY GODD BRO YOU ACTUALLY MADE IT SO EASY GODDAMNN, ITNI SI BAAT MERA FACULTY SAMJHA NAI PARA THA

[@gayathribhat6323]

wow just wow

[@dishajha815]

Brilliant explaination ,,, thanx a lot 😭

[@jamnachoudhary5243]

your explanation is awesome ............ so,thanks sir😊😊

[@harindudilipa1559]

It would be even great if u answer peoples question in comments khan acadamy

[@Physicssimplifiedbyshivam]

Your explanation is the best on you tube. Thank you

[@tasnimul0096]

great lecture sir!!

[@manjumk0501]

Simply wonderful.. Thank you soo much.

[@arunasolanki3034]

It's really concept clearing.

[@vijaypanta9778]

Masterpiece.

[@sabassrana6768]

I can just say a huge huge thnx sr

[@varunsingh8322]

that was phenomenal

[@akashhera]

Finally I understood how a transistor works! Hats off😍

[@Msmsm184]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/pqLIk2lsrdeemKcsi=BhPuTiSGQulM87F2

[@bhuvaneshwarisaravanan9682]

Super explanation.....

[@dharmendrarathod3753]

Love your channel sir. ❤ 👏 🙌 👌

[@cheese348]

Mahesh thank you so much, I love you man!!! ❤❤

[@syzygy_of_stars]

one of my teachers said, "transistor is something quite difficult to understand." but look at you, you clearly busted the myth!

[@boobalang9997]

Great.👌👌

[@phalgunarao5877]

Great explanation sir.

[@ChayanGhosh-d2i]

Boss thank uuuuuuuuuuuuu:)

[@hirunrashentha1082]

Great explaination 💪👌

[@markszlazak]

Will you add some lectures on JFET's and MOSFET's?

[@amitkumarsaroj6071]

Thank You so much sir 🥰🥰🥰🥰🥰 Really very well explained

[@Shubham-rl7zw]

Sir you said we have to connect speakers on +5 V side so that we get higher current or voice but how could the current or sound come out from +5v side becuase from that side their is movement of electron occuring so current will move opposite to that direction ... Please clear this doubt sir

[@nipunijayarathne2028]

Woooow thankss

[@heartofscorpius]

Now i know what transistor actually do....thanks dude😊

[@whiskyguzzler982]

When peeps google Transistor they should be pointed here. Wonderful and easy to understand.

[@260eeeprasuna2]

🎩 🎩 off.....

[@lpokiiim]

nice vid cheers

[@patelrushil3323]

Very well teached !

[@abishangar8680]

4:30 => Only 0.7V is enough to break the depletion layer. But there is 2 depletion layers. So, 1.4V is enough to break it. Then Why electrons can't diffuse from N region to P region while 5V potential difference is connected?

[@lakshitadixit5]

No only 0.7 V is enough because first depletion region is from N to P so 0.7 is enough for electrons(majority charges) to overcome the potential barrier. The second depletion region is from P to N where electrons are now a minority so the in built electric field in that region is in favour to accelerate those minority electrons from P to N

[@lakshitadixit5]

The electrons can not diffuse from N to P region even with the 5 volt because N is negative type connected to a Positive+5V terminal so electrons instead of getting diffused to P will get pulled from that N by +5V as opposites attract.

[@akbarrahmatullah6701]

Well explained.

[@akashrawat29227]

Best explanation

[@roopas8462]

how does electron get pulled out if it recombines. shoudnt it form covalent bond

[@mdsakilbhuiya8689]

You are really a great teacher

[@snowboarder1pro]

Thanks

[@zasharan2]

Hold on, why can't you use a transformer to amplify the sound?

[@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish]

Beautiful question. You see our transistor voltage amplifier amplifies both voltage and current (by using external DC source - Vcc in our video example) But if you use a transformer, then if you step up voltage, current steps down and vice versa. Hope this clears the doubt? :)

[@zasharan2]

Ok, yes I see now. I didn’t think about that. Thank you for clearing it up!

[@abirhasib2336]

@@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish The electrons that forwardly biased , entered the p type ...but in n type which is attached to the +5v there is a lots of electrons .then why these electrons didn't repel the forwardly biased electron?

[@reetichauhan355]

Abir Hasib remember the current is continuously flowing. So (according to what I’ve understood) the no. of e entering from the N of FB to N of RB via P will be same as e exiting N of RB to the wire I.e towards speaker

[@Hakase0211]

@@abirhasib2336 It isn't negatively charged. It is just doped. it has electrons, but they're the regular amount. If it was negatively charged, it would cause a repulsion. At least that's what I think.

[@bonexs3294]

Sir, please do course video on electronics and communication

[@inanis6707]

OHHHHHH MYYYYYYYY GOOOOOOOOOOOOOODDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

[@niranjan7457]

Sir, a silly doubt... At 07:20, you mentioned that the chances of recombination is very small because of low number of holes in P But in recombination process, the electrons get recombined in N only right? ( kzbin.info/www/bejne/Z6TGgJ-wmZlpodUm54s ) I don't quite get how recombination in P helps - because recombination in N only causes the continuous flow of charges

[@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish]

Recombination happens wherever there are holes and electrons, so they can happen in both N and P-type conductors. In that video, I only chose to look at what happens in N. But, something similar happens in P-type as well. Electrons injected into the P-type from N also recombine and contribute to forward current. The current in forwarding bias is due to the sum of electron and hole current. In our transistor, both the electron and the hole current in the Emitter-base junction are very small. Feel free to ask more questions.

[@MehediHasan-wm1ix]

@@KhanAcademyIndiaEnglish In the P region some electrons recombined with holes, and you said this recombination cause current flow from base, which is base current. But how can electrons or holes cause current flow after recombination?

[@xcross8537]

Good job 👏

[@plankalkulcompiler9468]

Reducing transistors' role to amplifier is wild