Why were the Mongols so effective? | World History | Khan Academy

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Owing to their adaptability, their skill in communications, and their reputation for ferocity, the Mongols swept across Eurasia over the 13th and 14th centuries, quickly assembling the largest contiguous empire in world history. These non-state actors had to quickly learn how to become a state themselves.

[@frenchmasterjj1276]

They were effective because they went to KHAN academy.

[@mirandanwehla8355]

That was almost funyy

[@Kaledrone]

Would've been funny if you didn't put "GeT iT?" at the end.

[@Modern.Millennial]

Gives a new meaning to _Khan_ Academy.

[@Y13A]

Probably because they're the exception

[@pinruihuang8463]

AHAHAHAHA

[@throwingimp7103]

Haha I agree!

[@VirgoShelter]

*mongoltage*

[@scattygirl1]

And yet many conservative, reactionary backlashes to a perceived threat of "the other" is based on the fear of a repetition of this one unusual event.

[@SammyCee23]

Even more so than the Romans.

[@calebhuang2429]

The number one contributing factor to effectiveness of the Mongols is how they are raised from day 1. Mongolians never spoon feed their children, they live in one of the most unforgiving environments and by age three they know how to ride a horse and participate in hunts with bow and arrow. The boys grow up constantly wrestling with each other to improve skill sets, develop strength and stamina, and test their resolve. Mongolians are a very tough, determined people who can readily adapt to any situation.

[@beastlybuickv6402]

Thank you! From a Magyar.😊

[@henriquebitencourt5253]

Wrestling and horse archery aren't special,even more in Central/West Asia

[@TheTARANISh]

I always tell others that the toughest people come from toughest environments.

[@SammyCee23]

Now compare them to the Greeks and Romans.

[@1MACVSOG1]

I have read everything I can find on Genghis Khan and the Khan history and I can't get away from finding them their tactics absolutely fascinating 👊

[@evian5743]

You forgot one important reason: Mongols could drink the milk from their horses which they were riding. Therefore, they could conquer this extensive territory very fast because they didn't need any supply routes etc.

[@flynn659]

what about food?

[@xaviervega468]

@@flynn659 Horsemeat dried into strips and then either cut into very small chunks or ground into a powder. Add water and you have very early form of field rations called borts.

[@superfly19751]

They were great warriors with absolutely loyalties under supreme leaderships. Totally unified. The day the empire declined was the day they had internal conflicts, leadership segregation. The larger it gets the harder It takes to keep things together. As powerful and deeply loved and respected as Genghis Khan was, he still had troubles keeping his legitimate sons from warring each other, most Notability was the conflict between his oldest son Yuchi and his other brute Son Chagatai. Later on, a war almost broke out between Yuchi and Genghis himself. It never occurred bc Yuchi died before it could happen.

[@nosuchthing8]

Also technology. Great archers, great horsemen.

[@aslof1069]

With absolute genious generals :) Chinggis Khan's best general called Subutai was a brilliant strategist and knew how to use army especially cavalry men. He used foreign engineers make new kinds of arrows, and even before that Mongols had whistling, armour piercing, fire etc arrows. The whistling arrows sounded horrible because of its sound like millions of arrows are falling down. And when it hiitted an enemy with light armour it ruined a body of the person like a driller. For armored soldiers like Knights Mongols used a little bit heavy mettalic arrow to pierce the thick metal armour. For fire arrows Mongols used it for distance measuring, to burn cities or etc. And frighhten enemies. The tactics were amazing and the army was something completely new for the entire world which no one ever experienced them. For Europeans they never saw an army of full cavalry archers and they got massacred on the Battle field because of their slow speed and heavy armour and knowledge of the Mongols. For many countries they just didnt knew what they should do. When they chased Mongols played mouse and cat. But mouses were firing with arrows while retreating and suddenly killing whole enemy army. It was a completely new thing for the existing world that faced Mongols. They just got shocked how they fight.

[@motherlandbot6837]

They were disciplined, loyal, meritocratic, and SMART!

[@Orgil.]

@@aslof1069 Subeedei is not the best general of Chinggis khaan.Jebe,Muqulai,Zelme(big bro of Subeedei),Borchi they were higher rang than Subeedei plus Subeedei learned his strategies from JEBE(Jurgaadai)

[@aslof1069]

@@Orgil. Jebe can be his teacher, but his achievements cannot exceed Subutai's. Moreover, Subutai did not learn everything from Jebe, he was an outsider, and that made him to act differently, so that his enemies cannot/couldn't predict his incoming approaches.

[@Orgil.]

@@aslof1069btw what do you mean his outsider ?

[@toomasmardix]

This is not entirely truthful depiction of what happened and why. I have researched this topic for ten+ years and in depth. Just read "The Secret History of the Mongols". The mongols were a collection of small nomadic tribes, who lived in a very hostile environment. Just surviving was extremely hard. How come they conquered so vast areas then? First of all, and this is perhaps a little bit counter-intuitive, but the Mongols never wanted to fight in order to win. So whoever was to be conquered were always offered peace if they just surrender quickly and become vassals. Blood unions by marriage were also often formed to unsure loyalty. Mongols were possibly one of the first tribes to actually value human (mongol) life as there were so few of them. In the battles the mongols always tried to put prisoners to the first rows for fighting so that the mongols would be spared (some battles were won so that no Mongols actually fought themselves). Mongols were also very good in PR and in spreading rumors about themselves. For instance, whilst having a city surrounded each warrior needed to light several fires to spread fear inside the city. Mongols themselves also intentionally spread rumours about Mongol anger and terror to make sure that the others would not even dare to fight. The PR was systematic and planned. The mongols greatly valued loyalty. Non-loyal vassals were taken down with no living souls left behind. For non-loyal vassals extreme measures were taken to drive the lesson home (some nations were completely wiped out the the earth). Some cities were not only destroyed (burned down), but also dimantled and salt sown on the fields and wells poisoned to make the destruction absolute. This kind of extreme vengance served two purposes - it destroyed non-loyal vassals and served as a warning to others. The mongols did not have anything or knew much about warfare in the beginning, so it is true that they were very willing to (and had to!) learn new ways of fighting and then use those techniques as a surprise in other parts of the world (for example, siege weapons and chemical war). Many scholars actually now believe that Mongol conquests actually in total saved lives as Mongol piece ensured peace in the Mongol-conquered areas. We should not forget that 800 years ago it was very common that everybody was fighting with everybody constantly. It was a different world.

[@anandananda2277]

Amateurs talk tactics, dilettantes talk strategy, professionals talk logistics. ~ Old military saying.

[@SammyCee23]

Explain this to me

[@minhkhangtran6948]

@@SammyCee23 The most essential thing when it come to waging a war isn't planning how to win a battle, or even how to win a war, but how to even wage war in the first place. Communication, support, manpower, food and water, medical need, ... logistics is the backbone to every single large-scale project in the world, even war, and your dream of conquest will remain a pipe dream, if you don't sufficiently solve what the hell is your supply line, how to reinforce it, how to effectively transport it, how to gather resources, how to save resources, etc... As you can't win war without man, and these man need food and water and weapons and myriad of stuff that need to keep an army alive.

[@john2821]

logistics is the foundation of tactics and strategy, if you start a conquest with only logistics it is good for nothing cowards

[@MedivhOfEarth]

You should include this video in the Wolrd History Playlist.

[@Tyylka]

While the Mongol Empire did take many lives during its period of conquest it did not engage in mindless slaughter lightly. When Chinghis Khan had established his control over essentially what is now modern Mongolia he was ready to settle down and begin trading. It was the Khwarzim empire that assassinated Mongolian trade ambassadors which ignited the middle eastern conquest. The Mongolians also the vast majority of the time offered surrender and would spare the population, besides the ruling nobles if accepted. Full slaughter would only occur when surrender was accepted and they were later betrayed by the population. Middle Eastern accounts heavily exaggerate the death toll and are entirely too biased to be taken seriously.

[@artalverson4320]

Thank you for this post I am sick of continuously being told that the Mongols were mindless killers. The Mongols also killed the nobles and armies of its enemies because they did not want to have to fight them at some future date. Since most nobles were despots the common people were probably no worse off than before.

[@motherlandbot6837]

@@artalverson4320 Just to add to the comments here; the Mongols before the decline of their empire were also extraordinarily meritocratic. Eastern Europe was crushed by their first invasion, as it was already a set of entrenched hereditary aristocracies with governments and military leadership determined by lineage rather than ability.

[@HBGamingTD]

Your profile is named after some of the Mongolian rulers!

[@spiritofthesteppe3701]

Kinda ironic that KHAN academy is doing a video on on the mongol empire and Its KHANS

[@kylenpg8572]

Really enjoyed that, cheers

[@marioavgherino8383]

As far as the bubonic plague is concerned, its origins are not in Mongolia, but rather southern China. Owing to dense populations, squalid conditions and warmer the climate, the rat population in that region was extremely high, and it is the rats which when moved along trade routes from Asia to Europe allowed the flees that host the bacteria to transmit the disease.

[@davek417]

Amazing narrations!!!

[@mitchlee45]

They had the Best and brightest Leader, Generals Officers for their time. Again their Star had risen

[@1MACVSOG1]

Subida was no joke and same for jebiday,

[@user-fo2uh4rm5c]

Once, the grand Khan is dead, the empire is broken into 4 pieces and mutual attacks as enemies leading the shiftly breakdown of the empire.

[@tjt7247]

It was a great video but just a few corrections: they mainly pick up their technologies from the East at first, not through the Central Asia; And it's not Northern Song, it was Jin in the Northern China.

[@EricCartmanRule]

How do I create a similar video like this? What do I need? which programs shall I use? Can someone help me?

[@KentanioShlegustov]

Sony vegas and youtube tutorials

[@jxsilicon9]

Mongols were the first to use Blitzkrieg. Leaving most of their enemies scrambling to catch up. Only a wall or island in the case of Japan,slow them down. If mongols had armored ships they would be unstoppable.

[@andycaines3351]

Armored ships wouldn't have helped. It was a storm (Kamikaze), not a naval battle, that sunk the Mongol invasion fleet. Twice.

[@khanage0264]

They got lucky.

[@konangputra4743]

Also Mongol was failed in Java... They cannot war in tropical jungle...

[@dorthusiast]

@@andycaines3351 Typhoon, not a kamikaze.

[@sbg019]

@@dorthusiast Kamikaze is the name they used to call the typhoons that helped them defeat the Mongols.

[@rza884]

can you guys make video regarding the persian empire, because it seems it's the most stable empire in ancient history in term of it's adminstration

[@stevenm8970]

This isn't the khan academy without khan. No thanks

[@blitzwaffe]

Keshiks. Lots and lots of Keshiks.

[@UBdoritos]

Because they have tactics and stuff

[@garychynne1377]

they delivered take out.

[@limitededition7500]

Chingis khaan was very smart

[@limitededition7500]

How do you guys think he made such a big empire?

[@warhammerph6897]

Mounted warfare and horse lancer and archers plus deceptive tactics.

[@lkhagwadorj]

any source ????

[@symmetry08]

There is a mistake that in early on Genhis khan was interested in vassal states already. Smaller non-mongol states were already incorporated before major conquest started. This was very common thing of tribal allegiance shifting for thousand years. Many western Turkic nomads of, between major nations, pledged loyalty and were tactical soldier providers-cooperators. Horezm shah and other muslim revolt, upon incursion to shah's territory changed tactics for terror and psychological warfare.

[@foreverblue1646]

3:42 Nothern Song? LMAO

[@tjt7247]

Exactly, it was Jin in the North and Southern Song in the South.......

[@BekolopsRoyOfficial]

Not traveling horsemen. It has its own phenomenon called nomadic

[@matthewmann8969]

Precision, Horse Riding, Archery, Bows, Arrows, Armor, Accuracy, and more allowed them to win many battles

[@anirudhdad2739]

And they had patience. one battle i remember reading about is how they took 2-3 months just attacking and retreating until their enemy lost their patience and collapsed. it was one of the initial fights against russian state when mongols arrived there. they just kited them for like few 100 m iles, hitting and running and making them follow them to an ambush FEW HUNDRED MILES AWAY.

[@johnhorne6586]

Yes they could 20000 arrows in the air a minute

[@majungasaurusaaaa]

That's just tactics. Amateurs talk tactics, pros talk logistics. The mongols had organization and logisitcs. What bows they used was a minor detail.

[@mpablo4545]

they werent just sweeping in and murdering people. In fact, they were actually interested in running an empire. Genghis khan wasnt just a man who wanted to hold territory. He asks people if they wanted to give up or not. If not, mongols fight them (not kill them all) and be in charge!

[@shenjiangjun2448]

Northern Song? That was before Genghis... It was the Jin Empire and Xi Xia in northern China during this time

[@ganbat]

it was not northern song empire it was altan state(zurched's golden state)

[@averagesauceenjoyer7209]

The music

[@ruff-rydahzyclon5535]

Good video

[@glorkorpro5962]

What about logistics demographics and economy of mongol empire

[@bengarrison6073]

3:34 "especially from the conquest of the Western Xia and the Northern Song" The Northern Song had been replaced by the Jin dynasty in the north of China for almost a century by the time of Genghis Khan's invasion of the region.

[@mikestand5163]

another reason is-they started off from a very hard life, everything from there was relatively easy, nothing got worse than it already was. like coasting downhill on a bike

[@shubhamsingh-lc8km]

They just stayed in power for 100years

[@batsuurigansukh1807]

You haven't been even single year

[@chickkye7009]

Killing each other is mongol special move.

[@savagesavant4964]

SPEED, FEAR & SURPRISE! The (speed) at which they attacked their enemies & the (fear) that they placed into the heart of those they intended to conquer, (surprised) the entire world!

[@megagamr6778]

genghis was a pretty chill dude i like how he respected all religions and was a good leader

[@SuperMrFriendly]

wut? he whas totally homophobic and against gay marriage. he whas a nazi.

[@temuulenaltangerel5773]

Who wasn't homophobic back then? Don't tell me the Greeks and Japanese cuz even in those countries it was rare, the fact that these countries"tolerated" gays etc though may be true to a certain extent, is really overexagerated and romantisized.Every single country (and religion) despised gays

[@terenceaaron1999]

It was because the nature of their religion and how much it is tied to the land. No point converting people if they can't really be part of your religion. I think if the Mongols had a theology that's distinct and could absorb people who weren't Mongols, they'd have a bigger impact on world religions.

[@lukezuzga6460]

Fun video for not showing more than a map. Of course I have a BA in History and like that sort of thing.

[@carrdoug99]

First by uniting virtually all the the people employing the Mongol style of warfare, then unleashing that style (later known as blitzkrieg) on the rest of the world.

[@tubeysr]

The Barbarians. The Legends.

[@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory]

I would disagree with describing the Mongol expansion as 'decentralized' taking over 'centralized.' Certainly before 1206 they were decentralized, but after the declaration of empire in 1206 power was almost totally in the hands of Chinggis Khan and close associates. As the empire expanded it became less centralized as due to its geographical size local and regional administrators gained more power (by necessity) but in terms of the military component describing it as decentralized would be very inaccurate, until the 1260s when the empire effectively broke into 4 independent Khanates, although the 1240s certainly saw the future Golden Horde gradually becoming more autonomous.

[@nealsmith1083]

dan Carlin has more to this. I think he's put 5 ,3 hours podcasts.

[@3Jane_TA]

Can you guys cover the War on Drugs?

[@emlmm88]

Nice Tomie picture.

[@henkiedebomb]

Insane, awesome vid

[@easeafe4re581]

Goryeo(korea) never surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty(Mongol Empire). It is unequal, but it has only signed a treaty of mutual friendship. The Goryeo and Yan Dynasty were influenced by each other, not unilaterally controlled. King Goryeo had the right to elect the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. War between Goryeo (Korea) and Mongolia 1st invasion: Date: August 1231-March 1232 30,000 Mongolian troops invaded. Goryeo succeeded in defending an important castle and bound half of the soldiers, but the capital was besieged, sending the royal family hostages and signing a peace treaty. 2nd invasion Date: August 1232-December 1232 Goryeo moved the palace to the island for war against Mongolia, and Mongolia invaded again. Mongolia could not properly occupy a single castle, and the commander-in-chief was killed in battle and retreated. 3rd invasion Date: July 1235-April 1239 When the Geum Dynasty fell in 1234, it attacked Goryeo. Mongolia lost several defeats, devastating Goryeo territory over four years and inflicting enormous damage. Eventually, in the winter of 1238, the Goryeo court proposed Ganghwa to Mongolia, and Mongolia also withdrew in the spring of 1239 on condition of Goryeo Gojong's entrance. But didn't fulfill the promise 4th invasion Date: July 1247-March 1248 Due to the short period, there was no significant damage, and the Mongolian emperor died and withdrew. 5th invasion Date: July 1253-January 1254 It came down to the central part of the Korean peninsula, but was withdrawn without capturing Chungju, an important adult. 6th invasion Date: July 1254-December 1254 The Mongolian army lost all three major siege battles and withdrew. However, the Mongol army plundered severely and captured 200,000 people, causing great damage. 7th Invasion-Mongolia's Amphibious Operation Date: September 1255-June 1256 The Mongolian army won one battle, but lost six battles and withdrew. 8th invasion Date: May 1257-October 1257 Mongolia lost two battles and withdrew when Goryeo promised friendship. 9th invasion Date: April 1258-March 1259 Mongolia lost two battles and withdrew when Goryeo promised friendship. 1259 Goryeo Prince meets and discusses with Kublai, and Goryeo and Mongolia conclude a peace agreement, although they are unequal. Mongolia invaded 9 times, but each time they were defeated, they knew it was impossible to conquer Goryeo. Mongolian emperor Kublai made six promises and said he would not interfere with Goryeo. The clothes and hats worn on the head do not need to be changed according to the customs of Goryeo Envoys are banned from anything other than those sent by the Yuan court. Return to the capital can be adjusted in time at Goryeojeong. The troops withdrew in the fall. All of the Official from Mongolia are withdrawn. Those who volunteered to stay in Mongolia are investigated and returned. After the discussion, Prince Goryeo asked Kublai to become son-in-law. Afterwards, the kings of Goryeo became son-in-law of Kublai and his descendants and had the right to elect the emperor. The Mongolian emperor was able to replace the son-in-law, King Goryeo, but due to Kublai's promise, he could not interfere with anything in Goryeo. Mongolia could not occupy Goryeo and only signed a peace treaty. The Mongol emperor was able to replace the king of Goryeo, but he could not easily replace the king of Goryeo, an important member of the imperial family.

[@karllsonberglund8161]

That's what they say to cover up During Kublai Korea did Submit

[@easeafe4re581]

@@karllsonberglund8161What I said is documented in the history books of China and Korea If you deny this fact, prepare and present evidence.

[@karllsonberglund8161]

@@easeafe4re581 yeah.. It's just Korea In Chinese, Mongolian, Persian and other history books it's mostly saying Korea Submitted after Kublai married a Korean

[@easeafe4re581]

@@karllsonberglund8161 The reason other countries have expressed Goryeo as a vassal state is because they do not know the history of Korea well. You don't know what Kublai promised to Goryeo. Kublai prevented Goryeo from interfering in internal affairs. And he forced the Mongols to withdraw all of them from the land of Goryeo. Kublai prevented the Yuan from interfering in Goryeo's internal affairs. And Kublai evacuated all the Mongols from Goryeo. Can such Goryeo be called a vassal state? The reason Kublai made such an extraordinary promise is because Kublai ascended to the throne thanks to Goryeo. Because Goryeo sided with Kublai, it was able to overtake Arikubuque and become the emperor And Goryeo is the son-in-law of the Mongol emperor. His son-in-law is ranked higher than his sons King Chungryeol is 4th in rank and King Chungseon is 6th in rank The Goryeo king had the right to elect the emperor Thanks to King Chungseon, Injong and Mujong were able to become emperors Goryeo had such great power, can it be called a vassal state?

[@karllsonberglund8161]

@@easeafe4re581 yes Goryeo can be called a Vassal, throughout History like the Qing Dynasty it was the same Also, a Vassal state is a country that rules but doesn't govern the Nation

[@mitchlee45]

Empires rise and fall according to the Stars.

[@hoo320]

One thing everyone did not mention is that the Mongol army needed almost no logistic supply. The brought their herds with them. Their soldiers were extremely tough, ate everything available, including human flesh.

[@shadow4force]

Not true about eating human flesh.

[@hoo320]

It is true. Human flesh is just another form of protein. Mongols are very adaptable.

[@hoo320]

Char when the villages had no food after years of war, they just killed the locals and ate them.

[@shadow4force]

nope they just went to another nearest village.

[@hoo320]

What if there was still no food?

[@thelouster5815]

Basically the Mongols used the real life equivalent of the Zerg Rush. Just spam cavalry until you win. XD

[@majungasaurusaaaa]

They had very limited man power. They were severely outnumbered by sedentary empires. They fought smart. Brains over brawn.

[@pugilist102]

Actually it was the complete opposite. They had limited troops compared to the settled civilizations. They were very careful not to suffer much casualties.

[@onlydaprecum]

More like the mongols were LoL heroes against minions

[@NmberOneNetsFan]

Adaptable

[@nataliev.149]

The Khmer empire actually beat them when they came south, then the Daiviet and Chams also fought them off. They don’t do well in South East Asia

[@rhoheta5243]

Point 2, Adaptability, is really a combination of (1) Merit-based Rewards plus Tolerance for other peoples. They learned siege techniques from other peoples and because of (1) permitted them to apply their talents and rewarded them appropriately.

[@panosa2502]

One little note that you won't hear even academic historians admitting (HUGE TABOO...) is the fact it was not the Mongols first building the Empire and Venetians coming then but the other way around : Genghis Khan even at his very first steps was surrounded by Venetian "consultants". I do not know how many of you can digest this piece of information (which I welcome you to cross-verify). Why would Venetian "consultants" be in the court of a random nomad mongol chieftain. Well.... Venetians were already in the Chinese court but it seems the Chinese kingdoms' who were 3 at that time did not always bend over to Venetian interests all 3 of them so Venetians would prefer to just have one take them all over and who better than an oursider Mongol? Didn't Venetians implicitly support the Seljuk invasion in Minor Asia? Sure they supported it. What is amazing is that Venice in the span of a mere 20 years, they managed to bring down Eastern Roman Empire, the kingdom of Xsia, the kingdom of Liu and the kingdom of Kara Kitai (if I spell correctly all these) which back then were the most advanced, most civilized most trade-oriented places in the world and the 2 ends of the Eurasian trade. Venetians bringing in the Franks to destroy Constantinople, and bringing in the Mongols into the overall region of China made them masters of the world. People often forget that for the next 3 centuries, Venice run the basic affairs of the whole of Eurasia and would continue to do so had the Portuguese and Spanish not found the way round by circumnavigation of Africa and then (re)discovering America which opened up new possibilities. STILL Venice even of losing value, up to the end of the 18th century hosted the 5 richest families of Europe. Western Europe in particular is basically a Venetian invention. Venetian power is the most underrated in human history. In reality these guys, based at a small city defended by a small army were ruling the world, something that no other power in the world has ever matched to this day - US tries to do so with a massive military and 1000s of bases around the world while Venetians were doing it with a few trade-deals and agents and spies sending letters and reports to each other!

[@slimpickens9135]

Panos A what you’ve just said is one of the most insanely idiotic things I have ever heard. At no point in your rambling, incoherent response were you even close to anything that could be considered a rational thought. ......

[@panosa2502]

+Slim Pickens _Panos A what you’ve just said is one of the most insanely idiotic things I have ever heard. At no point in your rambling, incoherent response were you even close to anything that could be considered a rational thought_ LOL! Let us check in 5 points what we can deduce from your violently uptighreaction: 1) You have no clue about history, and that is a fact to pin down for the rest of this 2) You hate when other people appear to have a clue, that is for certain as you did not even go into the trouble of debating anything 3) You particularly hate it when other people appear to have a clue but won't serve you just every little detail of the greater picture which means that you have to do the work of finding out for yourself 4) You don't want to find out the actual case, you are happy with all the garbage you are fed in """"official history""" which of course by definition is the official joke, not actual history 5) So you just hate it when things like this happen and people remind you how ridiculously ignorant you are in general as a person I blame your education. Or lack of it.

[@terenceaaron1999]

So basically what Singapore is trying so hard to do today.

[@purplexed9music]

Gengis Khan academy

[@mitchlee45]

their Star was High and bright.

[@Bread-O5-3]

he just did a speedrun

[@nicholasmazur7879]

Thanks China for giving me homework and giving the world COVID-19

[@molly578]

everyone in the comments just watched this for fun and i’m out here doing social studies homework

[@dawoodahmed4220]

me too man, i feel ur pain

[@miketacos9034]

So Caesar's Legion is a lot more like the Mongols than Rome.

[@User-nu6km]

The mongols gave us KhAN academy

[@Ganjil100]

You have to understand the whys too. Central Asia before ghenghis khans time was ruthless, chaotic, brutal place. Moreover the frontier slavery was exercised by the neighboring kingdoms every year, which means able bodied men were killed, and their sons taken as slaves, and it happened every year. Only when Ghenghis khan united the Mongols, invaded every neighboring country to establish his rule that Europeans looked for slaves in Africa.

[@kekero540]

Medieval 2 flashbacks.

[@milliondollarblueprint5068]

They learned how to build siege machines from Marco Polo. Fun fact!

[@fatbarbarian3448]

1:58 Why did you all of a sudden become depressed

[@susjal1]

Mongols reached upto Poland.

[@luisvelez1952]

The Mongol Empire was similar to Napoleón empire and Alexander the Great empire.¿how economical were the mongols at that time?¿did they committed Genoside?

[@scooldrood]

02:50 thats clearly a trebuchet, not some lowly catapult. Unsubbed.

[@rock3tcatU233]

Bye, that only means more knowledge for me! MUAHAHAHA!!!

[@toughstuff3374]

Definitely a trebuchet. Although, Trebuchet IS one kind of Catapult. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trebuchet

[@raylast3873]

Trebuchets are also catapults. Catapults are an entire category of which trebuchets are one type. Those specific devices we commonly call "catapults" are actually mangonels, specifically. So sayeth Shad.

[@nosuchthing8]

Harsh

[@slimpickens9135]

Snob

[@Peter_Baelish]

MAN YOU STOPPED HALF WAY? WE WANT MORE

[@PrivateSlacker]

Planning, Adapting, Terror? So the Mongols was The Borg?

[@faizanshah9083]

Changez khan had never slept in a palace n has always preferred ⛺ tents bcz he was always in wars...

[@hazarhazara6704]

Mongols saved world

[@ManhaJSalafee]

Are you joking saved world by killing millions

[@kavinder100]

#correction - @3:38 it was Jin Dynasty in the northern China not the northern Song. Song Dynasty had lost traditional Chinese homeland in the north decades earlier to Jin. The later part of Song Dynasty is always called as Southern Song. There wasn't a dynasty such a northern Song ever.

[@wilsontheconqueror8101]

Because they had Subetai as a General!!!

[@aslof1069]

Soo TRUE BRO!

[@ManhaJSalafee]

They were killing meshings

[@Billighftsk7350]

Khorazmian empire was not in China. It was in central asia and Iran

[@rashidabdarrahman5234]

Inventions off gun powder

[@nyamdoozoloo9311]

Khan had 3 sons they sprayed out soo they become genrals like that they too half of half of troops and took over but how do i know becuase i am mongols

[@cloroxbleach9222]

The Mongols and central Asians just amaze me, the Khwarazmids, the Gökturks, Xiongnu, Mongols, these group of people are so notorious for conquering such big lands from small beginnings.

[@dunhlee7288]

lets blame whitey feels bad losing to primitive people

[@Hennheirr]

I look at the Mongol empire map and wonder why didn't they invade India and Siam? Any answer??

[@niklaso1113]

Because they had loads of horse archers basicly

[@schizophrenia6402]

3:37 There is NO northern song at the time of mongols, Northern song was conquered by Jin dynasty, the han chinese then establish southern song.

[@inezdeborahemiliaaltar7955]

They were originating from the 2000 to 2005 and Cultural Revolution textbook reported Mengshu Shiwei Revolutionary Food Council unless Work, or Catastrophe Councils later described as around hundred and twenty tribal divisions which derived from the Spade Money Movement first hammer and sickle ever in the Middle Ages on this historical stage Revolution was described as Sudden Struggle Wei was council this is Cantonese Zovlol council in Mongolian the Sow in the Hun tradition the Khitan Mongols executed their generals and wrapped them in pigskin at their councils they wanted Ezent Guren Mongolyn United Revolutionary State as Mongol meant a/n old word for revolutionary, assimilated to Mongol a brave, and was also written Mangqol Council of Wang Mang or also Ascendant Justice but a/n apparently blind peasant leader followers of this council movement they used a dark red old red" hong" standard, in the beginning and had the fastest horses and best bows and practical swords and devised siege machinery at the time and were relatively emancipated for women

[@cameronjodoin309]

You teach it well, but you teach it like a math teacher lol

[@sniper60605]

This video could have been more informative.

[@borgilbatbaatar4949]

Long live my Mongol

[@importantname]

treat war like hunting - outsmart your prey

[@user-gj7nd7rb4v]

indian sub continent was saved by himalayas

[@rashidabdarrahman5234]

No ''by Muslim Turks '' remember they sacked Lahore '

[@nobbytang]

There battle tactics were not new ...the Parthian horse archers who faced Rome 2000 years ago used basically the same tactics ...as did Attila ....recurve bow and retreat using mobility and all the time continue a rain of arrows down upon the slower moving foe ....if the Mongols would of faced the English longbow then they would of been out ranged by a far heavier hitting arrow ..fired from the longbow which is the most powerful bow ever made !!

[@limose9507]

nobby roberts Mongol fighting styles and common strategy were not particularly revolutionary, it was their social order. Meritocracy; if you are good at something you’ll do it. The Great Khan die away with noble lineage and class when it came to his armies. One of the greatest generals in history, Subetei, was a non-Mongol peasant who was valued for his abilities and thus reached far. For most cultures, this was a ridiculous idea. Furthermore they didn’t mind nationality or religion too much, the Mongols themselves freely worshipped whatever they wished and their subjects of any nationality were recruited and used to conquer the next Empire on their list of lands to dominate. This versatility and adaptability made them what they were. Prior to Genghis Khan they were just another steppe nomad ethno-group that pillaged settled peoples because they lacked these ideas.

[@tha1ne]

@rusty shackleford the english long bow sucked lmao

[@aslof1069]

Attila was Mongolian ancestor before founding Mongolia he raided Europe long time ago from Mongolian land to Europe. And replaced his people at that place. So he was Mongolian technically and organically :) The movement of Mongols were faster than any army in the history because of their food, Ger what is known for Mobile home, horse. Every single person had atleast 3 horsses. Switched everyday to refresh them. They traveled 60km per day during the battle or envasion. No army had that mobility until Mongol Empire and it was their powerful strategy. Think like this From Mongolian Capital to Russia it only took 20 or leess than days to reach its Capital city while raiding cities on its way. And it was difficult to catch them since they change their position everyday no army couldnt trap them or chase after them.

[@aslof1069]

About the Long Bow it is not as fast as Composite bow. if u saw Robin Hood that is released in 2018 he used Composite bow instead of Longbow. because it is faster and deadlier even in the long and short range. Longbow has about 200lbs dmg, but Composite bow has a lttle bit less like 185-188 lbs. But Composite bows can be used on horse back and it is like machinegun. because it is faster than Long bow and it not acquire lots of strength like long bow. So the warrior can fire as many arrows as they can. That is why historians say it is not about the power but its comfortabiity and effectiveness. And Robin Hood just showed that Composite bows are much better on the battlefield. Than slow Longbows

[@aslof1069]

@Cevair Zufer its the composite bow. that Mongols, Attila, turkic and Arabi countries used. it is fast and deadlier and comfortable. xD

[@Underheaven8]

Simple, Tengri The Creator of sky and earth was with them. Even Genghis Khan expressly stated that he was sent by Him.

[@marioavgherino8383]

Your analysis is somewhat faulty. The primary reason that you state, planing, is not correct. The primary reason is unity. The various tribes being united under one ruler who then directs the entirety of his forces against one objective is what allowed the Mongols to succeed. The fact that they were not interested in holding territory comes from two main reasons. First, they were nomads and second, it takes manpower to hold territory. It's much easier to move from target to target on mass then to leave forces behind to hold the conquered territory, so in order to ensure that hey wouldn't have to fight the same people twice, they simply eliminated them.

[@amogus67688]

"Khan" Academy.

[@celx6324]

Oi

[@alibaloch3184]

Ruthlessly cunning.

[@idahmaidah2714]

The dead monggol king in Indonesia is history. "The Mongol-Tartars were defeated in the attack against the Japanese Empire in 1274 and 1281 CE.not to fail again as to the Japanese conquest, Kublai Khan led his own 300,000 troops to Java to punish Batara Kertanegara, the ruler of Singasari who cut off the ear of Meng Khi, Kublai Khan, who was sent to meet Kertanegara to submit to the Mongols In 1293 AD, the Yuan State maharaja was killed with his head loosened from his body, which was likened to a war between King Kangsa and Little Krishna. Inscription Kertarajasa mention, conquering the emperor's hair became the decoration of the throne Batara Kertarajasa Jayawardhana (Raden Wijaya). The body and head of Kublai Khan were returned to the Yuan Dynasty court. The corpse arrived at Yuan's palace in February 1294 AD. The Mongol defeat of Java made the corpse of Kublai Khan not treated as the previous Yuan Dynasty ruler. Her body was carried for three weeks for 1,000 kilometers and on the slopes of Burkhan Khaldun, Khenti Mountains, the corpse was buried. Tartar ends as a state conquered Majapahit. Kidung Harsawijaya VI.177 b mentioned: "Sakwe ing satru wus enti dinon denira Sri Bhupati katekeng Nusantara akweh log lyan tungkul subhaktya karuhun tang Bali Tatar Tumasik Sampi Koci lan Desert Wandan Tanjungpura tan open tang Dampo Palembang Makasar prapta same mawwat session ni pura."

[@hiddendagger7291]

Genghis Khan not able to take India

[@borgilbatbaatar4949]

Mohit because in India hot like a hell and no steppe

[@user-xq7ky2cb4j]

Mohit Punjabi they dont attack india... india no threat to them that time... they only fight those who threat to them...they attack muslim coz one of the muslim country pawn their merchant and kill 500innocent merchant... that y they rage... 1 country make mistake bring 7country involed

[@Harmonicanalysis54]

They’ve also got that convenient Himalayan mountain range acting as a wall to prevent invasion

[@aslof1069]

The Mountain was the saviour of the India. The geography and Elephants were the saviour. Not Indian people or military. You guys just got really lucky location. That Mongols hated warm weather also.

[@ManhaJSalafee]

@@user-xq7ky2cb4j You foolish talk where is Muslims country from Mongolia .? Whom they attached first ? Mongolia then China then sviet then Uzbekistan then turkey then Iraq . You foolish first think then talk

[@christopherellis2663]

Genghiz |Cəņgiz| Jengiz| Kublai |kub.lai| Polo visited the Kumykh Mongols at the northern end of the Caspian Sea.