CHAOS in the cockpit. What went wrong?? Birgenair 301

[@GreenDotAviation]

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[@Flowtups]

I was waiting for your video. Thanks for uploading it

[@mcratsix]

Great video Emmet. Small correction tho: bush did 9/11, not hijackers

[@GreenDotAviation]

@@mcratsix Thanks for the correction James I’ll put this in the video description

[@pikachu6031]

@@mcratsix And your evidence for this absurd comment is ……….What???

[@Mattyew]

Song at 9:38 ?

[@Thunderhorse007]

This is one of the most infuriating flight accidents I've seen. It's hard to find excuses for those three in the cockpit. Their stupidity and complete incompetence cost them and all those people their lives.

[@JoeB2490]

Worth mentioning is, that the crew was on very short alert. The original plane and crew could not execute the flight due to some problem with the plane. They where on very short notice (just two hours) but more importantly, they where already waiting for weeks on the island, as the company didnt want them to fly the plane back empty. Safe to say, they where desperate to leave. The report states that human factors and the split second decision of the captain to continue take off was influenced by these factors. Not an excuse though.

[@christopherpetit1718]

Basically a single insect ended up taking down a Boeing 757, because a veteran captain didn't cross check the other air speed indicators, or even listen to the relief pilot who was trying to fix the problem.

[@longdonglarry]

@@JoeB2490 to continue the take-off was not the problem. I'm stunned by the incompetence that they were unable to compare all those speed indicators and make a conclusion. Especially the captain. Man, that guy should not even have driven a bus.

[@JoeB2490]

@@longdonglarry It certainly was. You are drawing the wrong conclusons. We call it flying "ahead" of the plane. Thats why we check at 80 knts if eerything is going to plan. Once airborn with a smallish failure like this this escaltes quickly as the work load is already high. Yes, it is a minor failure one would think its easy to deal with. But in reality, in the sitaution it self it can get out of hand fast. Dont forget: The human mind works way way way worse in stressfull conditions. Thats why its absolutely critical to fly ahead of the plane. Because it keeps stress levels low and therfore decrease chances for human error.

[@longdonglarry]

@@JoeB2490 I agree. Rotating with that malfunction was certainly the second mistake(the first mistake was to not question the working conditions of the tubes after sitting unprotected for weeks), but still somewhat forgivable. At least not fatal. But how the hell can you not compare the 3 speedometers with each other once airborne? And the cherry on the cake: You get the stall warning and still ignore it. It seemed like the 3rd pilot knew what was going on but had no balls to advise the cap. in a clear manner. You see that often when plane accidents happen in certain cultures. The cap. is god and as a FO. you'd be crazy to question his decisions no matter how false they are. It sounds like you are a pilot and I understand that you guys don't call out other pilots even for the worst mistakes, but I'm wondering what you're really thinking in such a case. The AF crash is another one of those.

[@KimShailee]

One indicator was reading over 300 knots, the other was indicating 200, as well as the backup indicator. Which one was correct? Maybe the one that wasn't confirmed to be malfunctioning during takeoff?

[@tankthearc9875]

lol yep simple. wow i thought that the whole time, smh, then they couldnt figure out a stick shaker? capt was not good at all. the first officer should have taken over since his speed indicator was correct at take off.

[@ebaystars]

Stopyourself pulling breakers, bad habit, it's not a PC or washing machine. Put the nose on the horizon (assume ADI working) , trim, power set 80% both, [you know it will fly with these settings] watch everything for a minute or two (scan) see what's what, have chat, get a cuppa tea (the Theanin in tea will calm you down btw] , - is it climbing up or down? Assuming some form of altitude and VSI is working. Does it feel right???? Does it sound right..???? Then deal with it in a calm CRM manner report pan if required.

[@steveperreira5850]

@@tankthearc9875 : it is shocking to me how many of these high flight time supposedly professional pilots with 10,000 hours or more do not know how to fly. They are union hacks, not aviators….. The greatest mass murderers in modern times are airline pilots. They do it by the hundreds.

[@MrBsbotto]

​@@ebaystars The solution is so commonsense and reasonable that it drives me crazy those passengers had to die so needlessly! And this problem of poor ÇRM seems to come up so often, you would think it would be pushed so hard by management. Can't understand it! Belated RIP to all lost souls and their families. Thanks for another great production!

[@davidt8087]

Classic pitot tube only blockage. Effing private pilots know that blocked pitot tube shows you higher airspeed when you climb

[@msainmh2449]

It's so sad knowing how easily this accident could've been avoided only if the captain did his checks and don't have so much of an ego and listened to his co pilots

[@Randomworldindia]

Yeah i thought the same.. he was thinking that he has more experience then first officer so he can handle this easily without the help of others

[@merica166]

The FO should take control...

[@AlyssaMcNeil]

It's incredible that all it took is 1 indicator to malfunction to bring the entire plane down, despite being other working indicators ...

[@britishrose9417]

This is the best flight accident channel in KZbin. The patient, calm explanation of everything, the background and the level of research is superb! Well done!

[@sctmcg]

Mentour is an actual pilot, so he gives a fantastic perspective but the research, the detail and the delivery of Green Dot's videos is the best

[@GreenDotAviation]

Many thanks!

[@Emzzz78]

I agree. The flight channel is pretty good too. It has no talking though.

[@crohr1000]

@@GreenDotAviation can you ease on the adds, you have 5 duble adds along every video witch is annoying and ruins the experience

[@sctmcg]

@@Emzzz78 Flight Channel was my first discovery in the world of aviation disaster KZbin. Probably the best simulations.

[@CCCW]

Such an incredibly preventable crash.

[@tankthearc9875]

i dont understand this at all. why would he not go by the first officers speed since it was working correctly at take off and his wasnt.

[@liukang3545]

@@tankthearc9875 turkish arrogance lmao what else

[@kellyedey8573]

Totally.

[@deauthorsadeptus6920]

@@tankthearc9875 Total idiocity, like: oh no, my brakes didnt work, lmao I am just gonna drive like nothing happend.

[@Chris_Sheridan]

.. really? - and why do you think that?

[@NicholasGuccione]

Rule #1 - When instruments aren't working, ABORT take-off. "No delays" are not worth the lives of all onboard.

[@maktabati_]

Corporate disagree

[@RadkeMaiden]

Corporate wrote the SOP which says to abort takeoff

[@tonimontana2]

24000 flight hours and the captain doesn't know the basics of flying, its just amazing

[@tomvanthuyne]

I think it's not while crossing the ocean on Autopilot for hours and hours that a pilot is learning to handle problem situations. I think the total flying time is almost irrelevant (or even maybe a disadvantage) when encountering a stress situation. A pilot with that much experience runs on 'autopilot' himself so much that an unexpected issue can become 'impossible' or 'unlikely' in his experience that he doesn't know how to handle it. Every accident video (and I've seen a few) starts with how many flight hours the cockpit crew has accumulated. I think a more important figure would be the total sim time and the results of the pilots performance during that would be more relevant, don't you think?

[@opal177]

@@tomvanthuyne I also think that the number of manual take offs and landings would say more. Not the hours flown with autopilot.

[@gnarf250]

At least he died

[@trentarnold2670]

@@tomvanthuyne I mean, you are partially correct but first hand flying is irreplaceable to any simulation training.

[@jalenaviation4373]

They didn't get taught for this

[@KelpieDog]

Insects in the pitot tube are a fact. I'm a pilot, a few years ago two friends and I flew a Cessna around Australia. We stopped for a few days on the far north coast and when we took off we discovered we had no airspeed indication. After we landed we discovered a wasp had built a nest in the pitot tube. Exciting addition to the trip!

[@tomstravels520]

How come it took you until you got airborne to discover you had no airspeed? How did you know when to lift off? Did you not check airspeed as you accelerated?

[@Otis-m6p]

Yeah right. You couldn't fly a paperairoplane

[@StephenLuke]

I am relieved that you made a safe landing along with the other two. By nesting inside airplane pitot tubes, those naive wasps always cause chaos and disruption.

[@buggergut]

The crew's actions were beyond incompetence. They obviously did not understand the basic systems and essentially ignored the plane's last warning to them about the stall. This is criminal.

[@KoffinKat]

Both the First Officer and the 3rd pilot were well aware of their situation. It was the captain who chose not to listen and sealed everyone's fate that night 😕

[@TerryWhisk]

@Jeremy Brown being dead doesn’t absolve them of anything lmao

[@olivercharles2930]

​@jeremybrown9179 It is more disgusting to defend people who caused the deaths of so many. I hope someone pisses in the captain's grave.

[@M-fk5eg]

@jeremybrown9179wouldn’t be talking ill of the dead if they weren’t so fucking incompetent

[@bdarecords_]

@jeremybrown9179 "Don't talk ill of the dead, that's disgusting" might be one of the craziest statements I've read this year. It's obviously wrong.

[@anto687]

Sometimes I watch your videos and my eyes just widen and jaw clenches. How. HOW are THREE professional pilots so BLIND?!

[@anto687]

It’s like they’ve just learned to fly by rote, and never been subjected to training or a scenario in which anything went wrong. Their troubleshooting process is entirely “hmm that’s odd. Oh well it hasn’t crashed before it’ll probably work itself out”. Moronic.

[@gaztastic]

How do you get that confused? A minute and 30 seconds ago, you previously both established on the ground that your ASI clearly wasn't working, and that in the air, the overspeed and mach warnings were wrong. Even after so, he still *pulled the thrust levers back!* Even his way less experienced colleagues recognized the situation before he did!

[@josephdantes1605]

Captain was probably out of his element. There were a bunch of warnings thrown at him. He probably wasn't able to tie them all to his own airspeed indicator, or realize his faulty air speed indicator was causing all of this. So if his mind is thinking about how to deal with these warnings individually, he definitely lost sight of the bigger picture. Seniority probably finished them off. Lots of airlines/cultures respect seniority where you don't question the most experienced guy.

[@gollumtheartisticnewt1028]

It was the middle of the night, with maybe a lack of sleep compounding it.

[@helloimclaudio]

@@josephdantes1605 That’s what I was thinking. If I had been the pilot in the back that knew what was going on, there’s no way all I’d do is just shout ‘ADI’. I would’ve been a lot more vocal to say the least .

[@Henoik]

Likely a case of get-there-itis

[@sharoncassell9358]

The pitot tube has a heater inside so when the capt got at higher altitude the heater kicked in and made the ADI appear to be working but only partially. It was still partially blocked and not giving proper readings.

[@cbuchner1]

Incompetence leads to chaos, chaos leads to suffering. By the way, that incompetence already started on the ground when pitot tube covers were not installed.

[@tankthearc9875]

i think what happened was the capt was in a fog like daze and the first officer should have taken control and gone by his speed indicator which was working at take off,.

[@mycroftsanchez901]

Souns like a culrtual thing going on there where younger pilots are unwilling to challenge the senior pilot, it's happened in Korean and other aitlines. One of the pilots was aware of the issue as he kept shouting ADI but the captain ignored it. A sad and preventable accident.

[@juliemanarin4127]

You're right! If I were the junior pilot my mouth would be working overspeed! Sorry but it is my life too...among all the innocent crew and passengers in the cabin!

[@stevesteves945]

It's called crew resource management (CRM), and it can absolutely be a cultural phenomenon. If the cockpit power gradient is too steep, the first officer may be reluctant to challenge the captain if they observe them making mistakes or raise questions if they feel concerned about something. It's interesting that you specifically mentioned a Korean flight that crashed as a result of CRM. In most cultures it's taught that authority should always be obeyed and never challenged, but in Korea it's particularly stringent. I'd suggest looking into the sinking of the MV Sewol for a perfect, yet heart-breaking example of this. In 2014, a ferry with almost 500 people onboard, primarily Korean high school students, began capsizing off the coast of Korea. The ferry sank over a time period of hours, giving the kids ample opportunity to escape, but the captain ordered them to remain in their cabins. The captain then abandoned ship, and the kids remained where they were as instructed as the ferry was gradually sinking. There is even cell phone footage taken by the students that show the inside of the ferry listing heavily, almost sideways. You can see the students almost standing on the walls of the ferry, yet the students remained put. 300 people died.

[@martinqizeaq]

It's an Asian thing where seniors are always superior. When i heard the Captains name. I knew this would happen.

[@anna_in_aotearoa3166]

I swear, every time now if one of these disaster analysis videos starts with decribing a crew from a high-authority culture & with a major captain/FO experience gap, my heart just immediately sinks into my boots... Clearly this cultural & professional power gradient issue doesn't ALWAYS lead to disaster every single time, but it's been a factor in so many crashes (& not just aeronautical ones, as noted above)...? 😓

[@bna441]

Wow. This is beyond incredible. As soon as you said the plane was sitting on the ground for 20 days, I thought...I hope the pitot tubes were covered! That aside, this was not even a complicated or stressful situation to manage, and yet the "experienced" captain managed to find a way to FUBAR it. I always say the doctor graduating first in their class and the one graduating last, both have MD behind their names.

[@quaezi3836]

I just binged all your videos over the course of the past week and what can I say.. the information you provide is of incredible depth. Yet, your style of presentation and the immaculate visuals make it easy to follow. I started watching mentour a few weeks ago and this is about everything I had to do with aviation so far. However, these videos make it so easy to really get into it. Good job man, keep doing what you are doing! I am super hyped for new content:)

[@GreenDotAviation]

Thanks for the kind words! Next video releases this sunday! 🙌

[@Kitsudote]

Just doing the same now. Absolutely brilliant channel!

[@crazykittensmiles]

It's frightening how such a small thing can cause a crash.

[@Alberto-sv1ou]

It cant if the crew isnt composed of dipshits, this crew clearly was

[@Mina56]

You’re really good at story telling and setting the scene. The videos are informative and I appreciate the level of detail you go into, allowing someone like myself with no physics or aviation background to follow along and understand.

[@ricksturdevant2901]

I agree with other comments, your calm explanation in detail of the circumstances helps viewers with no flight knowledge have a better understanding

[@doggonemess1]

Pitot tubes should have a system that blows high-pressure air out of the tube before flight to ensure that there isn't a clog. That would also blow off any tube covers that a crew might have forgotten, or blow a hole in the tape that brought down another flight.

[@SamPinchesMakerShop]

Or even just pressurise the tube enough to confirm no obstruction

[@davidt8087]

Or rather than redesign it, just put pitot tube covers, you know, like how it's done everywhere today from small planes to jets. Of course then there's that one flight where the pilots forgot to remove the pitot tube cover. And the fact the airspeed on thr captains side increased is what you learn as a PRIVATE PILOT with like 20 hours. If your pitot tube is blocked and static port is working, then your airspeed works like an altimeter, if you go up speed goes up

[@m.s.8112]

A 757 with 2/3/2 seat layout cabin? Amazing! ;)

I immediately noticed it at 1:12. Probably there was no narrow body stock animation.

[@witoldbiskupski8097]

Together with joysticks in the cockpit !

[@AZ0986688]

I remember when I started the theory lessons for my glider licence. The very first lesson I think, was about how pitot tubes work, and how a clogged pitot tube would work!! This is mind boggling!!:(

[@danto_xic]

Yeh and in a glider its still doable u have to do for idk what its called but for ur tests u need to make a flight without instruments. But in a commercial plane its really hard especially in dark

[@connielentz1114]

Years ago flying a small plane, a Cessna 182, with my instructor we had a pitot tube block. It was due to ice in the tube which happened after a heavy rain was followed by a drop in the air temperature overnight as a front came through. The day was cold bright and sunny and the walk around did not show any ice on the plane. We had vfr conditions and were able to return to the airport safely. I developed the habit of blowing into the pitot tube after that

[@deansmith1190]

Your presentation of this and similar events is so captivating. Think the background music really adds to it as well like at 9:39. May our overlord the KZbin algorithm be kind and promote this channel!

[@GreenDotAviation]

Thank you! More vids coming

[@tomstravels520]

You should cover the Malaysia Airlines A330 in Brisbane that left with pitot tubes covered just a few years ago. Pilots used technology to help get them to land (Back Up Speed Scale)

[@angelabourne7096]

He has recently! A great video

[@nesrinoz3926]

He did that, thank you!

[@fairlinda1]

Why doesn't annual pilot refresher sim courses include these past disastrous scenarios? Surely this would help.

[@dew9103]

The ironic thing is that the cover is supposed to prevent these wasps from blocking the pitot tubes

[@Shwobblywobbly]

I love those sim reenactments, those 15° pitch up in the ADI without any significant change in altitude made me nervouse just by watching. Great work, love this channel

[@laylaplaysgames6980]

Yesterday I watched one of your videos that mentioned that insect covering the tubes, and now I’m seeing this and how much it can affect everything. Weird how no one noticed that problem at all,and that a so experienced pilot with a perfectly fly able aircraft couldn’t avoid it. Rip to all those people

[@procrastination2204]

Seriously. I've never flown any aircraft before so I don't know what it's really like in there, but just from watching a few dozen Green Dot videos, every development in this story was completely predictable and I knew exactly how to solve each part. And when he said that they were decreasing their speed, I was already saying "so are they at least going to listen to the stall warning?" and of course when it came, they did not. Obviously it's a lot harder to think clearly when you're in that emergency situation and with all the contradictory alarms blaring and everything, so it's easy for me to criticize from behind a screen without having lived the experience. But for fucks sake if you can't handle something as simple as 1/5 speed indicators being incorrect, a problem that you knew from the moment you powered on the engines, then what the hell are you doing being a pilot?

[@idkisaidit]

Really just need to binge like 50 of these before my flight tomorrow morning right

[@lisaborsella5412]

I have one coming up too… why am I doing this to myself? 😮

[@juliepeasley7131]

Thanks for another great video! This one feels especially tragic. No matter how many instrument redundancies are installed, they are only as good as the crew’s trust of them. I like how you explain exactly what happened and defined some terms (CRM) just in case it’s somebody’s first time watching. I also really like how you list the safety changes that were made as a result of the accident, I will be using this information for a research project. I hadn’t heard of this flight although I have heard of others with the pitoh tubes. As always very informative, concise and thorough video.

[@Dancingonthesun]

This is another example of how experience doesn't guarantee competence

[@hrdley911]

It's so odd. It's like they randomly forgot the backup instruments.

[@isbestlizard]

It's like they randomly forget that 30 seconds ago the pilots airspeed indicator was so broken that he had to rely on a call out of rotate from his copilot whos airspeed indicator was obviously not broken as they actually went up into the air

[@federicoprice2687]

Another truly excellent account of a tragic accident. It's also a great teaching experience. Thank you once again.

[@GreenDotAviation]

Thank you!

[@domdidomdidomdidom]

Wow. Imagine an insect combined with the crew's chaotic problem solving skills killed 189 people. How did the captain became a captain at all?

[@giggiddy]

It appears that aside from passing a rigorous testing process for a captain position, they really don't have to show that they can and will handle difficult situations proficiently. In other words. A captain may have 10k plus hours in an aircraft but it could mean very little if he was lucky his entire career. You are basically a passenger for those 10k hours if nothing ever goes wrong. Its not like a fighter pilot that may face difficult situations every flight. Some of these guys have a great record with thousands of troubl e free flights. But the moment they have to make their money and take charge, they crash. Ive seen lots of supervisors in different professions that once they are put to the test, they can't produce. Maybe simulations should be more comprehensive and challenging. I don't have an answer but not knowing your speed should not result in this, ever.

[@tankthearc9875]

@@giggiddy was it so difficult? why wouldnt you go by the first officers speed indicator because it was correct at take off. then stick shaker indicates stall , so increase thrust and push the nose down a bit. its very basic.

[@chinbosschinboss2484]

My question is why don't they put Pilots into stressful situations and simulations and test how they do things

[@chinbosschinboss2484]

And don't tell them what's going to go wrong don't tell them we are going to recover from a nose dive, put them in a simulation and have something random go wrong if they start panicking obviously they cannot be a pilot

[@phuketexplorer]

The B757 is a narrow bodied single isled aircraft, not dual.

[@Trainboyhaha]

Congrats on 200k, Fantastic videos, I love the flight sim and ur voice isn’t annoying like other peoples. Well done 🎉

[@pierreremy734]

These videos are so addictive and captivating I find myself rewatching videos I've already seen. I've learned so much by the clear narration and simple breakdown of aviation systems. Thank you ❤.

[@henryrolt3747]

There must be something psychological about unreliable airspeed conditions that really messes with pilots. Over a decade later, Air France 447 was brought down by the exact same panic and confusion following an unreliable airspeed condition.

[@swiftrealm]

AF447 was way more confusing, this one was easily preventable whereas the french pilots were flying through storms with frozen pitot tubes, hit their aircraft's ceiling at an exceedingly high AoA, and then when they realized the mistake it was too late.

[@ahcivek2590]

Did Air France incident also happen at night and over sea? Probably this was the leading cause I think. The feeling of “movement” just gets messed in your mind. Terrible illusion

[@barnabuskorrum4004]

How did 3 pilots not simply look at their Attitude Indicator and ADI (RIGHT IN FRONT OF THEM) to see their angle was up? This is beyond negligent.

[@aesthetically743]

It’s really unbelievable

[@Alirezarz62]

Turks

[@benjaminpike]

utter incompetence resulting in the deaths of 189 - tragically sad

[@revived1674]

I binge watched all of your videos over the past week. Super happy to see a new one! Keep up the great work!

[@bluesmoke8826]

I visited Puerto Plata in 2006. They have a monument at the harbour/battery area. It has every single name of the passengers on that flight

[@StellaMurano]

I didn't expect new episode to drop on Sunday's evening, but I would lie if I'd say I'm not going to watch it right away. :P I'm already familiar with this disaster, but I would love to get to know your perspective. Thank you

[@nopamineLevel100]

Absolutely love your videos! You have an excellent narrating voice, and explain the aviation terminology really well. 👍

[@GreenDotAviation]

Glad you like them!

[@abdisamadbashir1324]

This was the best English I have ever hears without caption I understood all,by the way I love the the accent 😍

[@Stains87]

I'm not sure I'll ever want to fly during the night and over an ocean, ever again. 😭

[@ehilton7044]

Me too it is a major factor in accidents

[@mdaniels6311]

Well, I'm flying on one in two days lol But I'm not afraid of flying. I know how safe it is. Going to the airport and my blood pressure issues are the most likely things to kill me.

[@Cl4rendon]

Happens on a daily basis to thousands over decades without incidents…. If a steel anvil falls from a 10th floor on the street and kills someone, would you never cross a street again?

[@johnny4498]

Wtf? Can't believe it. If I would be a pilot I would probably know every dial in and out in my aircraft and in that case even for me as a normal person it's absolutely trivial to compare the readings to the other sources of information, especially if the instrument already behaved wierd on the ground How can you trust such an instrument? Unbelievable. Very good video as always:)

[@nihlify]

Reality disproves that notion. When you have conflicting information, in combination with other things, people make mistakes. That's why we have redundancies. You saying you'd just know what to trust and not to trust is not realistic and easily proven wrong by many competent pilots making such errors.

[@TheMudsnake]

"If i was a pilot i'd just do everything perfectly!" Then go be a pilot bud

[@johnny4498]

@@TheMudsnake Never said that bud, read my comment again pls

[@davidhynd4435]

We have a small mud wasp in Australia which builds its nest in any small gaps or holes during the warmer months of the year. It catches small spiders, paralyses them and entombs them along with wasp eggs in a chamber constructed within the mud - the spiders then becoming food for the newly hatched wasps. I have on numerous occasions gone to start a brushcutter or mower only to have it refuse to start. Experience has taught me to check things like exhaust outlets or air filter boxes. It's surprising, but true, that these insects can pack enough mud into the exhaust outlet of a small petrol engine to prevent it starting. And just because you checked yesterday doesn't mean that it isn't clogged today. They are very fast and tireless workers. I imagine that such an insect could render a pitot tube utterly useless in about half an hour.

[@Gus1966-c9o]

Good point mate

[@Dbxc02]

I remember hearing that I think in Aus there was a SOP for aircraft’s to cover the tubes upon landing. I believe there was a crash relating to not covering them.

[@davidhynd4435]

@@Dbxc02 Yes, I think I remember that too. Somewhere in South America? I might be confusing two stories or misremembering the entire story, but this was a plane that had sat unused for a while and was then hired for a flight. It crashed and the investigation found that some kind of bee or wasp had blocked pitot tubes with mud. Or something along those lines.

[@Dbxc02]

@@davidhynd4435 yes sorry I think I confused them too!

[@daheikkinen]

Release the murder hornets 🐝

[@gnarthdarkanen7464]

Okay, I'm not the most avid aviator in the world, but I DO love my experimentals... (ultralights for those who aren't sure)... AND I have to point something out (and a question involved)... I've worked on and with a LOT of engines. Under a given load, I've NEVER seen an engine that didn't have a consistent output. That means, wherever you set the throttle for a specific speed one day, it's going to be the same (or VERY close to it) on any other day or time under the same load... In the experimentals, at least, most seasoned pilots could tell you if you've got an issue, just by the throttle setting and air-speed indicated... Say, 80% throttle, and you're doing 60 knots, they KNOW you've got trouble. If it's "running rough" they can even diagnose that, practically on the spot. "Oh... backfires and misses... You're either out of gas, or the fuel lines are clogged." Things like that... SO the question... Is it really THAT big a trick to LOOK down at the throttles for whatever the autopilot's doing and then match to the air-speed indicated and say, "Yeah, that makes sense." OR "Nope, this one's busted, too. That CAN'T be right." Look, I'm not about bashing the people involved. I think the FAA and NTSB (among others, et al) have done enough analyzing... I'm interested in a clever detail to think about while you or anyone is aspiring to be a pilot or to improve yourself AS a pilot. Maybe take some time and occasionally STUDY those throttle positions as they associate to the actual speed of the airplane. Then if something weird, like this, happens, you have an easy, quick, personal check you can do that will lend acknowledgement to what the issue actually is, almost instantly... If you're throttles slip back under the autopilot to 30% and the speedo' keeps insisting that you're going 280 to 300 knots (or something ridiculous) you can grimace and say, "Welp, this one's FUBAR, Cap'. You got a good airspeed over there?" AND get into the QRH, and start on those procedures and check-lists, rather than scratching heads and butts and wondering if the aliens have finally hacked into your plane's brains and took over... ;o)

[@IIIlIIIIlIIIII]

You're right. In fact, in the handbook each pilot has, there is a chart tabulating engine throttle, pitch angle, and resulting air speed. It is possible to fly with no airspeed indicators using this chart (and this has been done in emergencies before).

[@gnarthdarkanen7464]

@@IIIlIIIIlIIIII Thanks, I thought as much... which makes what these guys did even a tad more confusing. ANYWAYS, it's worth at least a foot-note somewhere so the relatively inexperienced can "catch up quick" and maybe learn so they don't repeat those kinds of mistakes. Even without the chart, a casual "visual assessment" should make some sense of things. You know? Then one pilot can start "doing the hard math" (referring to charts) and the other can get back to focusing on flying the plane. ;o)

[@sifuerik]

Years of fying complacency! Pilot error.

[@gnarthdarkanen7464]

@@sifuerik AND an illustration of just how easily you can take for granted a task that you do daily, no matter the level of responsibility or how dangerous. ;o)

[@kylehall7676]

This is the 3rd to 4th video about crashes dealing with pitot tubes, if I ever fly again I’m going to ask if I can do preflight walk around or ask the captain if the tubes are uncovered and clear.

[@EannaButler]

Fair play to you. Always a great story teller. Thanks! Such a terrible pity that this flight went so awfully wrong. This is one of the most significant learning-events for any airline I've come across myself in my limited exposure to airline crashes. It's honestly upsetting! Hope that every pilot sees this vid, familiarises themselves with the content, and understands the impact of CRM and effective logical thinking and quick triage. I know that, 26 years later, things are better, but the main thing is responding appropriately under extreme real-world pressure.

[@ebaystars]

no it's (yawn - yet another) a significant event for new cockpit instrumentation design to help CRM under pressure of failures.

[@Chanelle-fe2ub]

Best channel for aviation by far 💎

[@GreenDotAviation]

Thanks for the kind words!

[@OccidentalonPurpose]

I'm not even a jet pilot and this is one of the most frustrating one of these videos I've seen.

[@WayneM1961]

Having once flown with the Turkish airline "Onur Air" nothing that happened in that cockpit would surprise me in the least. What caused this accident was sheer incompetence.

[@Bamboule05]

I flew with a turkish airline inland once, that is, we took off and made a u turn in a very shaky airoplane and then landed again. I took the night bus to Istanbul afterwards.

[@WayneM1961]

@@Bamboule05 lol. You were probably very wise my friend.

[@DisasterBreakdown]

Congratulations on hitting 50k subs!!! 💛🎉 I guess now 58k 👀 A very nice video as always!

[@GreenDotAviation]

Thank you! Big fan of your videos as well :)

[@giggiddy]

You do a fantastic job and the overall quality is very good. Thank you for your time. Also, thank you for making these at least a half hour long. Some rush through the content like they are making a late night infomercial. Any shorter, and there is too much missed. You aren't rushed and you get the information out there. Thanks again.

[@Timmeh_The_tyrant]

This story is almost as good as the captain pilot who thought it was a good idea to pull out two circuit breakers from an import system in the middle of flight at 33,000 feet… Oh wait

[@fernandogallardo3458]

(1) Captain, do you know why the stick is shaking? No (2) Captain, do you know why the plane is stalling? No (3) Captain, do you know why the computer says, terrain pull up? No (4) Captain, do you know why there are three pilots? No

[@nits0717]

lmfaooo

[@ahcivek2590]

If you understand Turkish and the way he says “what’s happening??!” He truly was confused and out of place as to what was happening. Why this machine was not functioning to his inputs? You can also hear in his voice the true despair he was in. Probably his confusion and lack of understanding of the situation was from pitch black darkness outside combined with flat ocean underneath giving you the loss of spatial awareness.

[@jasoncarter4343]

Yes, but I remember hearing that pilots were later tested with this very same problem in flight simulators and many of them failed.

[@LordCommanderSpaceAlligator]

Lets be honest here.. I think you just made that up

[@johnwhittington4209]

​@@LordCommanderSpaceAlligator are you being honest about the situation he reported or your thoughts about his comment?

[@kitsune090]

Low IQ?

[@grahamstevenson1740]

Good video. I thought I was familiar with this incident but in fact you've drawn my attention to the fact that only the Captain's ASI was defective. This makes it particularly perplexing. Presumably, his experience stopped the other 2 pilots being more assertive. Truly a gross CRM failure, the plane was perfectly flyable.

[@dann5480]

I thoroughly enjoy your videos. Great quality always.

[@GreenDotAviation]

Glad to hear it!

[@stephenwilliams1950]

Yes very good clear and to the point with no long boring adds .

[@TRARSTRN]

I am a Turk and there is nothing sadder than understanding those audio recordings.

[@ahcivek2590]

Vallaha yazıl olmuş abi ya. Nasıl bi illüzyon bu? Nereye gittiğine, ne, kadar hızlı gittiğini, nerede olduğunu, hiç birini anlamıyorsun. Korkunç geliyor düşünmesi bile ya. Görünmez ve ufku gözükmeyen bir cismin içindesin ve sen havzadasın (veya öyle sanıyorsun) ve bir rota takip etmelisin. Ne kadar gidebilirsinki yani haraketlerini bilmeden

[@RobertHollander]

Quoting the video, "If the airspeed gets too low, the airplane will fall out of the sky." I'm trying to put a positive spin (pun intended) on this and I can't think of anything to say except that's not true. To state it in simple terms (even though the phenomenon is not aerodynamically simple) an airspeed that is too low will cause the aircraft wings to stall. If no action is taken to recover from the stall, eventually the aircraft will crash. However, stall recovery is a crucial part of pilot training, even for beginner pilots. Proper procedures for stall recovery are practiced repeatedly. Rarely do stalls result in accidents and never do they simply cause an aircraft to "fall out of the sky."

[@joshbelton2689]

love green dot aviations videos.. amazing content. your channel will grow fast. i hope nothing but success for you friend

[@Benderrr111]

Hearing the cockpit voice recording in my native language was really haunting.. Those people were completely confused and terrified. Very sad.

[@PauperJ]

Green Dot Aviation brought another video to us. Hooray!

[@ChaMok]

Thank you for your productions. I've binged them all in a few days.

[@Henoik]

And because of accidents like this, we learn to be careful of get-there-itis and other psychological factors.

[@davidt8087]

Nothing to do with get there itis other than sheer inckmpotence. The captains ASI wasnt even needed to fly and land safely. Sure they should have aborted takeoff but this was decades ago and in practically a middle eastern country culturally speaking. No one can afford pilot training there. Instead unlike America where you pay for your own flight training at a flight school and never even sit in the right seat of a jet until 1500 hrs and safety, knowledge, emergency procedures and regulations are highly emphasized and drilled into pilots, in poorer countries, how will airlines fill seats and pay less also by hiring local, other than training piss poor low iq peolle who just want a job and suck at naturally being pilots, and how will they quickly put them in the right seat at 250hrs total time unless they only teach them to fly like it's a job, as in how to go from A to B with very small amount of time doing emergency procedures which are forgotten after training? Europe, Asia, Africa, and the central and southerb America's have the MOST amount of pilot error crashes than any other place, like the US. Pilot error is far more common in third world countries than first world. When the airline is finding and training people free, they don't want to overspend to make great pilots, they just need pilot who know the basics, can talk to atc, can handle the autopilot, and can do instrument approaches by mostly having the autopilot take them down the glideslope or step down fixes until the last point where the pilots take over. Usually it's fine because rarely does something go wrong, but when it does, even a simple single ASI failure by blocked pitot tube is catastrophic. What kind of 20,000+ hr pilot doesn't frikking comprehend why the ASI isn't working and why it suddenly showed increase speed during climb? Literally a 20 hour student pilot in the US can tell you exactly what happens to the airspeed indicator when the pitot tube gets blocked, but in other countries the airline won't bother even teaching that, they just want their worker drone pilots who only became pilots for a job and money and aren't natural born pilots, to go from A to B in standard Conditions and airlines hope nothing on the airplane malfunctions otherwise their garbage pilots are definitely going to make the situation worse by sheer inckmpotence

[@gabrielnilsson5398]

Thank you for the high level details and beautiful presentation 👌

[@PerryPlatapussi]

The F.O should've taken over controls immediately

[@AnDrEw122100]

This particular incident and video made me infuriated. It blows my mind , the complete and utter incompetence . Remember people never be afraid to question authority , if you feel something isn’t right with your captain’s assessment do not hesitate . Three minds are better than one.

[@philmorris8862]

One of the most important aspects of a good pilot is a clear head and the ability to think quickly and rationally under pressure, and of course experience and training. However at night when the computer or other systems malfunction, as systems are want to do, it is the ability of the pilot to remain calm and think logically that makes the difference. Here for what ever reason, the Captain could not do that. This could be for any number of reasons such as a head cold, allergies, loss of cognitive ability from age or other causes, alcohol or other drugs, or just not having that ability to begin with. We will never know what precipitated the Captain's confusion and slow witted actions, but this is a perfect example of how deadly poor decision making can be in a modern aircraft. Also at some point one of the other pilots should have just taken over and made themselves heard. But do not forget the first mistake which was not to abort the takeoff when the speed indicator was not working and the failure to follow other check lists. The series of blunders that eventually led to a situation that required clear thinking was seriously negligent. 🌵🌵🌵

[@Mamadukee1]

Just subscribed, you narrative style is excellent, you explain everything in a clear and simple manner, so a lay person like me can understand , thank you !!!!!!😁🇬🇧

[@stevenwest000]

You do a great job with your videos. Your research and reporting is second to none. Glad to be a subscriber! ✅ Could they not have changed the settings for the AP to take its information from FO? What a completely unavoidable crash. I knew you would say it was an insect’s nest in the tubes.

[@mimismithson5372]

I think the most horrifying thing with these videos is the people in the cabin having absolutely no clue what’s going on until it’s too late 🥲

[@kevinmalone3210]

It's always a chain of events that lead up to these accidents. A faulty airspeed indicator, on the Captain's instrument panel. He could've easily aborted takeoff and went back to the terminal to have it repaired. Then the Capt makes a big assumption that the airspeed is wrong, by just going by his own airspeed instrument when there were 4 other indicators to tell him what the correct speed was. The crew didn't bother to question to Captain's erroneous conclusion, and just went along with his call, incredible! Poor cockpit resource management skills to say the least! The autopilot put the plane in a pitch up attitude, causing the plane to stall, and the crew didn't notice this, until the plane started stalling, when all they had to do was disconnect the autopilot, and take appropriate measures to counter the stall, nose down, increase power, gain airspeed and gradually pull the nose up.

[@tomstravels520]

Actually there were only 3 other indicators. 2 of the captains were from the same source just one was digital the other analogue. Same goes for FO’s side

[@MayuFuji]

«there was also two Poles in board.” Not me expecting you to follow up with: “the North Pole, and the South Pole.” 😂😂

[@stone_pog8918]

Similar one to Aeroperu 603. Both pito tube failures which lead to disaster. Similar crashes need similarly excellent videos. This is the result.

[@tomstravels520]

Aeroperu was loss of static ports, this affected airspeed and altitude

[@zvisger]

Your videos are the best man! I love watching these before I go to bed... idk why but it helps me sleep, you just have a soothing voice :)

[@Elguapo93]

Great channel mate, I don’t usually like aviation videos of simulators but your narration makes it very enjoyable and informative. Thank you.

[@GreenDotAviation]

I’m glad, thank you!

[@publicmail2]

3 degrees pitch up and proper engine thrust...it's a Bonin.

[@ballreal3]

This is actually one of those better air crash investigations, well done! But, RIP everyone onboard.

[@SeekingTheLoveThatGodMeans7648]

If a pitot tube clogs on the ground, shouldn't this be immediately seen during the takeoff roll once significant motion is underway and be part of a takeoff configuration alarm? This would seem to me a last chance to catch the situation before the craft leaves the ground.

[@holyfordus]

It wouldn’t set off the takeoff configuration horn because faulty instruments have nothing to do with the state of the flaps, slats, etc. Those had all been set correctly on the flight, anyhow. The problem was something that would only be caught by the two pilots cross-checking their respective instruments during the takeoff roll, which they did. They *should* have aborted the takeoff then and there, but they wanted to get going. Patience pays.

[@davidt8087]

⁠that doesn't explain the crash. It's just sheer inckmpotence plus in poorer countries people Dont get hired as pilots, they beckme pilots by being trained from zero to first officer for free by the airline directly. The only motive the airline has is to fill the right seat as quickly and cheaply as possible. They don't care much about teaching pilots aircraft, aviation, weather, and so much more other knowledge, and etc. Just the basic minimum regulations, knowledge, and piloting "skills" to from a to B in standard Conditions, with maybe a few hours of emergency procedures which the pilots forget. It's completely different in the US where safety and aviation knowledge is highly emphasized and paramount, and first officers become first officers after 1500hrs of self dedication to get that many hours. Not in other especially poorer countries. Airlines just pick names and then start them off to go as quickly as possible from zero to airline pilot .

[@corneliakobilke4638]

Ive flown out of this airport many times…thanks for telling this!

[@kdub1242]

In engineering, we have the notion of a regression test suit that must be passed before every release of a product. Over time, this test suit accumulates all the experiences from real failures encountered in the field with the objective of never allowing a past failure mode to repeat itself in production. It can be laborious, time consuming, and expensive, but is necessary, especially for critical failure modes. I don't know anything about aviation, but perhaps pilot training has some sort of "test suit" idea incorporated.

[@giggiddy]

What a neat and effective sounding tool so to speak. Where can I find out more about this test suit? It sounds like it could be applied to many different disciplines- especially engineering.

[@rcairflr]

@15:37, he describes the Pitot probes as sticking out and measureing airspeed. It is not that simple. Airspeed is actually a difference in pressure between the pitot probe and the static port. The static port is simply the pressure at the given altitude and what is used to indicate altitude. The Air Data computer also has a correction called SSEC (Static source error correction), it is a calibration that takes into account the angle of the pitot probe and the angles of the fuselage that affect airflow into it. So the reason the blocked pitot port gives a reading at all, is because when the bug blocked th pitot tube, the ground level pressure got locked into the pitot probe (approximately 14.7 PSI). As the aircraft ascends, the static pressure goes lower and lower. So now the difference in static and pitot pressure gets higher, giving airspeed indication. But also at the same time, the SSEC correction is also doing its thing and also affecting the airspeed reading. As the announcer said, this should have been a very basic troubeshooting by comparing all 3 indications and throwing out the one that was different.

[@davidt8087]

Blocked pitot tube+working static port= airspeed increases during climb and decreases in descent. Literally 20 hour student pilots know this. But I'm beginning to suspect aviation knowledge isn't paramount or important in other countries like parts of Europe, most if not all of Asia, middle east, Africa, and the central and south America's. Why? Poorer countries, people can't afford flight training, so the airline gets involved hiring people and training them for free. In those countries you Can fly a jet on the right seat in as little as 250 hours. What motive will the airline have when training their pilot and what regulations will countries have where the people are poor and can't afford flight training? First, the airline will probably be subsizdied by the government, and regulations and safety stuff will be very relaxed. And the airline only cares to fill the right seat quickly, so they focus mostly on everything it takes to get from A To B in standard Conditions and maybe a few hours of emergency conditions, which very quickly those pilots forget. Plus they're taught to over rely on autopilot. Combined this sets up a recipe for disaster when even the mildest malfunction occurs. Even a private pilot in the US, would not crash this plane and would quickly realize what's happening with the airspeed indicator. Like ffs

[@mahqindia2414]

That captain was very lucky to survive 24000 hrs of flying. Sometimes experience makes people rigid and resistance to change

[@davidt8087]

24,000 hours where he used autopilot 99% of the time and nothing ever went wrong or nothing serious. The one second something went wrong that he couldn't handle quickly by pushing a button or following a checklist he's inckmpotence was clearly demonstrated and he crashed. In the US private pilots know exactly what it means when the airspeed reads 0 then suddenly seems to work when climbing. It indicates a blocked pitot tube. And a non imbecile pilot would realize the first officers speed indicator was working right from the start and at rotation speed they were able to take off normally, meaning the speed was correct on the FO side. Rather than use that side, the standby airspeed, etc, the captain and whole flight crew just showed they were not compotent. They were simply direct airline hires. In poor countries where the masses can't afford flight training airlines hire people for free, and train them directly from zero to first officer in jet at 250 hrs. To save costs, they only teach the absolute minimums to go from A to B plus a few emergency scenarios which are quickly forgotten because failures happen rarely. In the US, aviation knowledge is paramount and so is safety and you can't fly for an airline until 1500hrs and the airline hires you once you have 1500hrs, they don't pick you up from the street and train you from zero to 250hrs to fill their right seats. This kind of pilot making is disastrous. Correct me if I'm wrong but if you're in south America or Africa or asia tell me how do you even become a pilot outside of being luckily chosen by the airline academy and trained freely? General aviation doesn't even exist in Asia or Africa. Who can afford it anyway?

[@thomastorodo9968]

I would have put a little panel indicating all 5 speeds at the same place and add in the check list for those issue to use it to check the speed.

[@guyfranks4354]

The cabin view shown in this video is incorrect. The 757 is a single isle aircraft, like the 707, 727 and the 737. Other than that it is a very informative video.

[@johnnynikkisophie]

I’ve become addicted to these videos. So well done and entertaining., some so very sad, but entertaining

[@autumnleaves2766]

Sad to learn about these totally preventable air crashes. It's like a forerunner of Air France 447 in many ways. I hope the pilots are getting better training these days. CRM has also probably improved since then, but there can still be cultural differences where a senior captain is not challenged. RIP to all who died that night, it should never have happened.

[@AlAl-en9ce]

This stall situation and pilots just not responding to it seems to be a common theme. They need to do something about it. Maybe they have.

[@dew9103]

@@AlAl-en9cealpha floor protection has been here for a long time. But then every time one of these crashes happen, the airspeed indicator would be broken temporarily due to ice, the plane goes into alternate/direct law which doesn’t have alpha floor protection, the disoriented pilots stalls the aircraft

[@Foxstang4life]

And to think they couldn't spend an extra 20 $ to fit some kind of warning the tubes were covered ? Just baffling

[@Emilyiscoo1]

When it started to stall, wouldn't they feel it falling. I feel like whenever a plane im on shifts direction I can feel it.

[@biggiouschinnus7489]

Apparently they ran a series of simulator tests using the Birgenair accident as a model, with experienced pilots in the seat. Every single pilot, when faced with simultaneous overspeed and stall warnings, froze up. I can't help but wonder if the captain's age played a role, too. 61 is very old for a pilot in civil aviation, especially as I doubt Birgenair strictly enforced rest periods or had good refresher training. I've seen photographs of the guy, and he was not in good shape either.

[@kdub1242]

We humans have to constantly watch ourselves and force ourselves to be logical. (I could make references to current events in the news, but let's keep it aeronautical...) It's not that we get stupid, but our emotional state can cause us to neglect or dismiss reliable data that is readily available, and/or latch onto questionable information sources. Perhaps the captain, seeing that his airspeed indicator was behaving unusually, simply neglected all the backups out of some unconscious assumption that they too must be bad, and erroneously narrowed his focus to just his and the FO's.

[@avishjha4030]

i was waiting for your video for so long. Please post more often, I really like your investigations.

[@anthonyalles1833]

Given the critical importance of Pitot tubes, why are they not built to blow out a puff of air as part of the start-up routine, to ensure that the tubes are clear (e.g. to blow off a missed tube cover)? Why not also have a backup tube in the body of the aircraft, that could be automatically deployed when the regular tubes malfunction, or do not agree? I also don't understand why the aircraft would not automatically ignore the reading from a tube that shows a reading different from the other two tubes and substitute the reading from the backup tube - that's why you have a backup in the first place.

[@jass7981]

Way too much work for the payoff. It would cost hundreds of millions to implement.

[@anthonyalles1833]

@@jass7981 Adding a digital comparator would cost 'hundreds of millions'? As I recall, this is the same excuse that Boeing gave for not having a comparator circuit for their radio altimeters, that lead to the 2009 Turkish Airways flight 1951crash (kzbin.info/www/bejne/m364c62JZdOSedk). Gee, no wonder Boeing is going down the toilet.

[@Rb-fp7mw]

The passengers were probably more concerned that they boarded a 757 with a wide body cabin!😀

[@salim1175]

Very unfortunate. Rest in peace ❤️🌹