How Do Antibiotics Actually Work? (Antibiotic Lore)

Bacteria are the worst when they mess stuff up, but normally we need them, cause hey are pretty cool, but bacteria in hospitals suck - that's where SARS happens :/
​⁠Check out @CiggySnake’s video here: • The Soviet Wonder Drug...
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Team
Editor/Producer/Thumbnail Artist - That Chemist (Joey)
Writer/Lead Editor - @CiggySnake

[@AkinaDing]

There's a serious problem with overuse of antibiotics in China among my relatives. People use them liberally for any kind of mild ailment, including viral infections. It's extremely easy for people to access iv drip antibiotics. Proper medical education for regular people related to common health issues and appropriate treatments is so important.

[@frogz]

i have a friend in the uk who got antibiotics for covid, literal covid!! now mind you, she did develop a bacterial lung infection from the covid but that was AFTER she already tried to get a doctor to help

[@matty6244]

Same. Here it is pretty common for people to grab any antibiotic that is sold over the counter for anything I hear several family members saying that they bought antibiotics (Such as Amoxicilin) for anything from: Flu to a sore throat .-. Literally even against viral infections they chug antibiotics

[@midge_gender_solek3314]

In Russia people routinely take and prescribe antibiotics for common cold

[@maplebobo9862]

Its not a problem we can deal with, people really don't like being sick even mildly they'd rather take antibiotics than deal with the mild discomfort

[@dedvzer]

The problem is that if you use them like this, resistant strains pop up, increasing the use of more rare antibiotics. I feel like this is our last line of defense, once we're trough we're done, countries should be more responsible with prescription freedom.

[@Razoredge581]

Describing Vancomycin as though "a protein had a nightmare" was about what I thought as well

[@That_Chemist]

Great minds think alike ;)

[@kevin-sy9eo]

You should check out daptomaycin. Brrrr *shutters*

[@jhoughjr1]

I had IV vancomycin for sepsis.

[@josephbailey1293]

Facts it saved my life when I had a horrible in infection but it made me feel so bad

[@localdrugseller6431]

Vanco is a nightmare for hospital pharmacists too

[@Auxilor]

More medicine/drug videos would be amazing, big fan of drug chemistry and pharmacology

[@That_Chemist]

We are working on more! Stay tuned!

[@sydhenderson6753]

@@That_Chemist Good! This is the tip of the iceberg, and one of your best.

[@dulxbe4883]

me too! gearing up to apply to a med chem phd program

[@Sniperboy5551]

As a former psychonaut, I agree

[@ashisalrtaken]

​@@Sniperboy5551as a current psychonaut, i also agree

[@christopher.m.dickinson0315]

One the anti-parasitic effects of doxycycline is used in dogs for heartworms. If anybody was wondering.

[@MandrakeFernflower]

Kills the symbiotic bacteria in the worms

[@christopher.m.dickinson0315]

@@MandrakeFernflower yes he explained that in the video how it kills parasites.

[@diablominero]

Two cool antibiotics I think you missed: -fosfomycin (smallest antibiotic molecule I've ever heard of, often cures infections after just one dose) -lactocillin (naturally produced by microbiome bacteria)

[@blackopsbeastmode365]

Also linezolid

[@_-KR-_]

I had a really bad UTI once. The anti-biotic was unable to kill it off and the test showed it was anti-biotic resistant E. Coli bacteria. It was a miserable time. Lowkey afraid of anti-biotic resistant bacteria now.

[@That_Chemist]

sorry to hear that - one bad experience often makes us oversensitive to negative things, but if you have had the same sort of infection multiple times then yeah, I would also be worried - where do you think it came from?

[@_-KR-_]

😅 ehe. im fairly certain I know how it was contracted, and where it came from. I was exposed to bacteria from a world away. Really the biggest take away besides taking care to avoid... vectors of pathogenisis (nomenclature? upwards inflection?) is that ppl who are prescribed some of these long term (such as nitro) are putting their organs through hell. Im glad my only immune issues usually come from my own system over-reacting to allergens.

[@nebblepoppishire3037]

E. coli is now one of the leading causes of antibiotic resistant death world wide, top 3 actually, over 1,000,000 deaths a year. It’s hyper resistant, they have done site changes to stop antibiotics binding, they have efflux pumps to pump out antibiotics and create antibiotic destroying enzymes for their resistance- MDR E. coli does all 3, it does not play. I lost my uncle to MRSA in 2010, watching what a drug resistant bacteria does to someone is genuinely terrifying. He was a strong, stocky blue collar worker and he was bony when he died just a few months later. The doctors told us he was they “had no more options”, they tried every antibiotic and antibiotic combo, even an experimental one, nothing worked.

[@LuC-k777]

Fuck and I had two UTIs if I had that bad of a reaction my currently suppressed immune system would just “pussy out” at that point x_x

[@user-un9ej7th6j]

Had a similar thing with tonsillitis which refused to go away eith antibiotics. Eventually lead to a 42.2°c fever, I ended up laying in bed shaking for a day until my body fought it off. Scary times

[@PaulSteMarie]

Oh geez. About 12 years ago, i got a big carbuncle on my neck that turned it to be MRSA. I was in the hospital on IV vancomycin for a week and then went home with a PIC line and cubicin in these weird pressurized bubbles. Not fun. Not recommended. In fact, I now believe in the death penalty for antibiotic misuse, and I'm looking at you, Big Farm. Also, cipro was all the rage back in 2001 since it's highly effective against anthrax.

[@That_Chemist]

That is terrifying

[@castleanthrax1833]

By reasons unknown to me, my hospital records showed that in the past, I was infected by an MRSI, so now, if I ever get admitted to the hospital, they give me a private room. I told them that it was just your everyday staph infection (I was trying to be helpful), and whilst they were appreciative, they said that I still get a private room. I'm not complaining. 😊

[@PaulSteMarie]

Too bad Cubicin (aka daptomycin) wasn't on your list. It has a bunch of chains of -CONH- units, with an indole, a nonyl, and various other decorations hanging off it.

[@0ddSavant]

Got a staph infection that ate a whole in my heart. Had ~3 months of IV Vanko before open heart surgery. Lovin’ me some vanko. Sub-optimal experience overall - 2/5 wouldn’t recommend. Although Dr. D didn’t have to crack my ribs - so that’s the other point. Cheers!

[@vancouveropenbsd985]

@PaulSteMarie ugh. So sorry you had to go through that. That must've sucked ass.

[@thefrogger6507]

This summer I worked at a company in the same complex as the company that actually first developed azithromycin. I was walking through a shipping section of sorts and walked past a pallet with at least ten barrels, each filled with 20 kg of pure uncut azithromycin monohydrate. Honestly, seeing that amount of a single antibiotic that could easily make a bacterium go extinct in one spot really changed my perspective. Normally you only see antibiotics a gram at a time but there I was staring down an absolute monolith of pharmacology. And in the very company that invented it!

[@mudnutz]

That’s the thing that fascinates me about life. Specifically as a human. We have the potential to radically change our environment at a moments notice. We can also visualize or theorize what that volume looks like, but it when it’s front of our eyes it takes a whole new real scale of unbelievable.z

[@localdrugseller6431]

Thats like seeing US nuke arsenal in a single spot lol

[@ChronosFatherOfTime]

The side effects of Doxycicline was downplayed quite a bit. One of the major side effects that quite a few people get is an allergy like reaction to sunlight, which does go away a few days after coming off of it. I can tell you it was hell getting an eczma like rash from simply walking outside.

[@hamaljay]

I found out the hard way.

[@sootikins]

Actually, hypersensitivity to sunlight is a well documented side effect of *cyclines. Surprised the doctor didn't warn you. As a side note, tanning salons often have a warning sign on UV tanning beds that says something to the effect of "if you have takem *cyclines in the last month do not use this machine".

[@ChronosFatherOfTime]

They did. I am saying That Chemist downplayed the side effects.@@sootikins

[@makylemur7019]

Doxycycline is used as a malaria preventive. I used it when in Madagascar where between the two trips I made there I saw precisely 2 mosquitoes.

[@vendettaakasimplyizumi6728]

The title "Antibiotic Lore" is hilarious, well done

[@gaulven]

I like the choice of Stellaris soundtracks 0:00 - Andreas Waldetoft - Creation & Beyond (8m 30s) 15:12 - Andreas Waldetoft - Deep Space Travels (7m 29s)

[@Allarra1]

Also the death bell sound effect is from Frostpunk. He thought we wouldn't noticed, but we see you.

[@TitanMichael]

I've played so much and burned myself out recently so it was giving me flashbacks to finishing my previous game

[@mrbenjiboy9527]

i thought i was crazy hearing stellaris music

[@xerbly]

I knew I recognized those!

[@notsam498]

​@@mrbenjiboy9527me too !

[@RolandOuellette]

Cipro is pretty famous for Achilles rupture. If you are an athlete, you need to pause strength and strenuous training until it’s been out of your system for a couple days. If you are not, just because you feel better doesn’t mean you should try to become one while on it.

[@DerunerlaubteName]

And its also useful to supplement (time delayed) magnesium which seems to counteract this side effect. (at least a bit) DOI: 10.1128aac.44.2.261-266.2000

[@maplebobo9862]

Is it true that ciprofloxacin is mostly used as a last resort because of its side effects?

[@b3dubbs72]

Fluoroquinolones are pretty sketchy. I wouldn’t want something with that much fluorine in my body.

[@ortholux2343]

If you get tendonitis while on cipro don't continue taking it, like I did. There does seem a link between this side effect and recent use of anti inflammatory steroids like in my case. This interaction is not mentioned on the leaflet. Didn't t snap any tendons but it took about a year to heal.

[@Sniperboy5551]

Fluoroquinolones also interact with benzos, apparently they’re benzodiazepine receptor negative allosteric modulators or antagonists, I forget which. I was taking Klonopin daily, but when I started taking cipro, my anxiety got a million times worse and I had no idea why until I looked it up.

[@applenrd]

First this channel got me through MCAT orgo and biochem. Now it's going to get me through medical school pharmacology too? This channel is incredible.

[@DerunerlaubteName]

One additional side effect of Ciprofloxacin is polyneuropathy, which I have experienced while using it. This lasted for months and was very irritating in daily life. But it is a very effective antibiotic and I wouldn't be so healthy right now without it.

[@forbidden-cyrillic-handle]

I had an allergic reaction. It was pretty bad. F tier for me.

[@node_deer]

Fun little trivia, the ancestor of the fungus that produces virtually all manufactured penicillin was scraped off a cantaloupe in Peoria IL (my home town), and they then ate the cantaloupe after scraping the mold off lol

[@spychain]

Vanco can be a pain to manage at the clinical level at a hospital. It's a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is used constantly (despite pharmacy as a whole trying to get doctors to use narrow-spectrum instead) and hits kidneys very hard at higher concentrations. During infusions sets, we order titers on patients and essentially have to run a balancing act of staying above a certain plasma level to ensure therapeutic effectiveness while keeping it below a certain level to ensure we don't induce an acute kidney injury in a patient. If the patient is already in kidney decline or has kidney failure, Vanco is only used in a last resort and, even then, their titers are monitored often to ensure we don't make the situation worse.

[@TheBackyardChemist]

Fluoroquionolones should have been F-tier, resistance to them is extremely common now, and they have nasty side effects beyond tendons, including CNS tox

[@Xeonerable]

Clavulanic acid might be F tier in antibiotics but A-tier support in our hearts. As an IT nerd that knows little of chemistry, I love your videos that explain why a chemical works the way it does. Keep it up!

[@vezqi]

I'm incredibly allergic to Penicillin (as many are) and was prescribed Amoxicillin a couple of years ago for a dental surgery I had. I had no side effects then other than maybe some itchiness, but it nothing concerning. I had an infection a few weeks ago and told the doctor that even though I was allergic to Penicillin, I was able to tolerate Amoxicillin which I thought was weird. I went with it and had an allergic reaction that started not long after taking it. Some of the antibiotics I have had to take have been hit or miss, Doxycycline for example (sinusitis). The only one I was able to tolerate was Cefuroxime (cephalosporin) and had almost no side effects at all.

[@kenbrady119]

Regarding cipro, I was prescribed the related levofloxacin to treat an abscess, and the next day I was unable to raise my arms above my shoulders. The day after that I lost function in my hands. I immediately stopped taking the pills and function returned, but I avoided strenuous exercise for the next month. Didn't want to rupture a tendon.

[@That_Chemist]

Oh my gosh that is scary

[@Vector122]

Hey, around 5:17 you mention what is contained in spa centres/hot tubs, I would love to see a sanitation method lore video for drinking water and spa centres. PS Do you mind sharing the source for Penicillin and Cephalosporin allergies being correlated 10% (4:42)

[@LocalCryptidGhostdoll]

Also I'm Australian and our country is particularly bad for antibiotic over prescription, we do a lot of antibiotic sensitivity testing in our lab to try to avoid that

[@robertstratton6444]

Great video. Another reason metronidazole belongs in "D" tier is that if you "D"rink alcohol while on it, you're likely to have a memorably uncomfortable time - people get flushed faces, feel hot and sometimes even feel something akin to shortness of breath. A unique side effect of tetracycline is that if it's given to children at too young an age, the color of their teeth can be permanently mottled.

[@peanutsans6780]

i love the way u edit these, ur delivery is entertaining too :))

[@z0rb278]

Awesome video!! Sulfa drugs have some pretty cool lore about how they got on the market. Editing critique if I may: music can be a bit distracting when you’re discussing in depth topics like this

[@Pillowcase]

Vancomycin made me say WHOA out loud.

[@collinosullivan3175]

Would love to see a part two, some of my personal favorites are Linezolid, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and new MDR Tb drugs like bedaquiline and old ones that we don't understand (pyrazinamide). I would also love to see some anti-fungals and anti-virals. Overlooked a big issue with Clinda, it has been linked to C. diff (pseudomembranous) colitis which is a pretty nasty infection of the GI tract. For that reason it really isn't prescribed all that often in if another antibiotic can take its place. Agree with Doxy on S tier, it does have some annoying side-effects you missed including discolouring teeth and photosensitivity (burning easily).

[@chilleycheesetoes3225]

i don't really like your tierlist videos but this one's a banger i learned a lot!

[@nErfEr308]

Doxycycline and all tetracyclines actually do have one weird side effect. They can discolor developing teeth in children causing their adult teeth to have a grayish yellow appearance

[@jakeness2476]

Something else with sulfa/trim meds is the interaction with decreasing vitamin k producing bacteria in the colon, decreasing the rate in which the body replenishes vitamin k during the coarse of medication. This messes with blood clotting and there is the contraindication/ urgancy to avoid warfrin for that reason of the warfrin also deactivating the already bioavalible stores of vitamin k in the body

[@alerikaisattera1465]

Clindamycin is also used to treat bone infections as it forms high concentrations in bone tissue, however, it has a serious side effect of C. diff. infection. One of the treatments for C. diff. infection is vancomycin administered orally

[@enochunte9388]

Ciprofloxacin is honestly a bigger problem than you know the tendon ruptures cause tendon problems throughout the whole entire body, especially in the heart. It was also made as a chemotherapy drug. I think you forgot that.

[@cooper8555]

Last semester I did a research project on antibiotic producing bacteria. I love antibiotic chem but wish you talked about arsenic antibiotics they’re so cool

[@mertgurcan2112]

As a doctor, vanc certainly deserves at least A tier from a clinical perspective! Its indications are rather niche, but they’re indispensable where needed and are very useful to treat some of the most life threatening infections.

[@localdrugseller6431]

no mert i wont approve your vanco order for a simple urethra infection

[@TheBurnsChild]

Pediatrician here! Mostly agree with the rankings but would move some around. I would drop sulfamethoxazole to B tier. It's very allergenic (I'm actually allergic to it) and can cause the rare but terrifying SJS. Would be C tier but gets bonus points for being able to treat MRSA. Azithromycin is S tier to me since it treats the most common STI in the world in one dose. I would probably make Cipro B tier. It's pretty well tolerated but there are concerns about emerging resistance. Agree with Vancomycin in C tier but not because of Red Man, which is an issue but easily dealt with using Benadryl and running the infusion slower. It's the tendency to cause kidney injury that's way more of a problem. Metronidazole also tastes awful (even in pill form) and can cause a disulfiram reaction (basically the worst hangover ever) if taken with alcohol. Useful for treating some gynecological infections but definitely D tier! Never seen streptomycin used. Gentamicin is the most common.

[@b3dubbs72]

Great comment! I thought about SJS when he was discussing Sulfa drugs because that freaked me out when I was taking Bactrim for a MRSA infection in my finger. Another fun fact, disulfiram is/was branded as Antabuse and used to deter alcohol use in some cases of court-ordered alcohol abuse remediation.

[@12334jk]

We need more bacteriophage based infection treatments. I read a paper a long time ago that antibiotic resistant bacteria are inversely vulnerable to viral infection

[@That_Chemist]

Yeah phages are another cool solution

[@MySuperhappyfuntime]

The epic background music gives the tierlist videos a wholw different feel

[@sydhenderson6753]

Good thing we have Clavulanic acid to get those other drugs working. Excellent description on how penicillin works. I was amazed when I discovered how clever it was. It's all in that little square.

[@Sniperboy5551]

I swear to God, he only says “it’s S-tier because it has a sulfur in it” to screw with us. It bothers me, but I also can’t argue with it. Well played, you beautiful Canuck.

[@alakani]

I've never had a single doctor since my pediatrician actually test for anything before prescribing meds. More broadly, there was a study in JAMA suggesting US physician diagnostic accuracy rate ranges from 5.8-55% depending on case difficulty

[@AmberLam.]

Doxycycline is known to have esophagitis as a very common and documented side effect. In the veterinary field we are always careful to let owners know to give plenty of water after administering by mouth especially for cats.

[@Matt-wn9by]

As a pharmacist, this video made me happy

[@Lune5391]

Yes sir ! I feel like you like pharmacology

[@That_Chemist]

I sure do!

[@sydhenderson6753]

@@That_Chemist Good. I want to see more of these. Have you ever told us how quinine works?

[@deifer124]

Unfortunately when it comes to antibiotics, I got dealt the bad hand, since I'm allergic to all penicillin antibiotics and amoxycillin. But trimethoprim works well for me. After I had kidney stones for a few days, I had a UTI that worsened the pain. I was professionally prescribed a trimethoprim drug that acted as a folate synthesis inhibitor. I don't know how the pharmacodynamics of trimethoprim affects bacteria, but maybe I could hear a simplified explanation?

[@breyerobsessionist16]

I work in a microbiology/ biochemistry lab where we are combating abx resistance. Good refresher on the important abx to know!

[@Thegingerbreadm4n]

how to antiobitics work? well apparently my dad thinks they work like this: have bread that's gone moldy? eat it and get your penicillin.

[@LenPopp]

You only mentioned erythromycin in passing, but it did me a big favour once when I had strep throat. Definitely A tier.

[@mattthemallard6120]

There's quite a lot of missing information in this video regarding the severity of potential side effects from antibiotics. Particularly, ciprofloxacin is quite a lot more toxic than as implied. Bactericidal antibiotics induce mitochondrial dysfunction in mammalian cells because their inhibitory effects target mitochondria as if they were bacteria. This can have serious and permanent side effects.

[@ChimeraX0401]

I'm amazed of daunorubicin since it is one of antibiotics that is used for cancer. Also there is a new class of antibiotics that is being researched today which is arsenic derivative, one of it is arsinothricin....

[@user-on6ul5ke8b]

I really appreciate those who found the ways to purify and characterize those antibiotics! It's hard for me to imagine how they came up with those method to purify them. After learning how to extract penicillin, I felt curious about why scientists chose amyl acetate to extract penicillin. How did they came up with that?

[@YoungBuddhaEzuk]

Banger! ⚛ More TC lore! Shoutout to OG Grandma, a survivor!

[@mainf]

this is cool. no idea how this worked before

[@chemdelic]

I need a antibiotic the way you infected my heart with love (antibiotic rizz)

[@That_Chemist]

Reeheeheehee

[@AmberLam.]

Also trimethoprim sulfa has been known to cause temporary or permanent “dry eye” symptoms in dogs.

[@ShowMe7.]

doxycycline made me super sick once, would def put in in D (for doxycycline of course)

[@shalevb111]

I remember i was once prescribed antibiotics due to a facial superficial burn from hot water, I think it definitely worsened my already existing depression and I became extremely anxious and angry and i was screaming at anything and anyone. Worthy note; I am fine now, And my depression has improved significantly since then.

[@brandonm4817]

Ive had Vancomycin multiple times for abscesses from using iv drugs. If it wasnt for that i wouldnt be alive today. I dont remember any side effects from it at all and they really gave me a lot. A tier!

[@martinsimington]

thats stellaris music in the back ground

[@FuzeTheWholeTeam]

i do love a good chemist video

[@vancouveropenbsd985]

Ciprofloxacin should go into S-tier. It's the one doctors reach for when other stuff doesn't work or when the patient is allergic to, e.g., penicillin. Also, it's the only antibiotic effective against bacillus anthracis a/k/a anthrax.

[@klocugh12]

> So many rings Found Gollum's favorite molecule.

[@drrocketman7794]

I got pneumonia and was prescribed Ketek (telithromycin) and I got jaundice. I don't know if it was from the medication or the illness... but liver damage is a small risk if pneumonia would kill you.

[@enigmavariations3809]

Fascinating!

[@MDNQ-ud1ty]

Some people have severe allgergic reactions to sulfa based drugs such as bactrim. I took it once and it made me feel like my blood was boiling. It's the only thing I'm allergic to that I know of.

[@h.p.734]

I know it's a bit ridiculous, but I got a pharm exam coming up and I just finished studying my Antibiotics and watching this is unironically a fun little review 😂 (at least thats what I tell myself as I get started on a YT binge for the next 3 hrs)

[@edmarciniak7612]

Fluoroquinolones can cause temporary or permanent hearing loss(otoxicity)While not a really scientific standard, I’d say a serious side effect isn’t rare if you have at least one friend or friend of a friend known to have experienced it. I have a friend who had a tendon rupture following a course of Cipro, and a friend of a friend with with partial permanent hearing loss also from Cipro. I wouldn’t hesitate to take it if infected with plague, or maybe even prophylactically for cause. Being that I lack any drug allergies that complicate choices of what can be given, I’d probably ask the doctor to try something else first instead of a fluoroquinolone. I’d love to see a video on solithromycin synthesis.

[@ugarit5404]

I live antubiotics chemistry vids,i want you to cover more classes of antibiotics

[@ratking927]

Metronidazole works as an anti inflammatory treatment for rosacea, acne, and eczema as well! I think she deserves to be a little higher

[@tequilakitty100]

I guess streptomycin is most prescribed by virtue of its age, but I have never administered it in a US hospital setting - gentamicin is generally preferred. Also, can you do the antifungal Amphotericin-B on a future episode?

[@nina-rw7jd]

Also vancomycin has a high ototoxicity capacity and nephrotoxicity, it can cause tinnitus 11:21

[@skywalkercinerate7124]

Hope you may considering making an antiviral tier list as well :D

[@bobart208]

I think metronidazole should be moved right into F for the side effect of causing severe vomiting when consumed with any alcohol

[@Hecarim420]

GL for us 🙉🙈 ==> You are quite knowledgeable about useful informations on many "fields" I would say. I will bing whole channel content soon for sure👀ツ

[@gauravsaimaddipati8356]

MORE PHARMACEUTICALS PLEASE

[@cmdr1911]

Doxycycline will make you very sensitive to the sun, discolor nails and teeth and cause aches. It comes with some nasty side effects not mentioned here.

[@catwif]

stellaris track. good taste

[@AlmarPostma]

Sulfamethoxazole (and I guess Trimethoprim) can go into B tier. As I've had a Bad reaction from Bactrim, which contains Both of them.

[@casacara]

Sulfamethoxazole put me in the hospital, injured my liver, and gave me acute neutropenia. Cured the UTI though.

[@emma-]

I recently started doxy for a sinus infection and was sitting here sweating waiting to hear your verdict

[@Chemicator]

Application of cyclic peptides also is a hot topic in this area👌

[@_Circus_Clapped_]

Is there a way to harvest bacteriophages to combat resistance to those medications?

[@LocalMicroMenance]

I'm going into microbiology, so I'm positive antibiotic-resistant bacteria will keep me employed for a long time.

[@ThunderBird80085]

I recently got put on 3 weeks of antibiotics for a super stubborn sinus infection that hasn't gone away for 6 weeks even after a week of antibiotics.

[@pyropulseIXXI]

I don't go to the doctor, not once, not ever. I heal instantly without any intelligent intervention.

[@tinyred9710]

Best part about antibiotics is when you're allergic to whole family of them, especially when it's the cillins :) edit to add: even better when you have a sensitive GI tract and clindamycin just fucks it up

[@LibertyDankmeme]

also you should do a video on how to make any of these (or any other antibiotics) at home - because government

[@That_Chemist]

I agree and long term this sort of thing is my goal - I’m working on easier to achieve home chem things atm

[@That_Chemist]

We should be able to subnautica replicate anything we need

[@LibertyDankmeme]

@@That_Chemist holy cow u responded - glad i subscribed to this channel

[@localdrugseller6431]

One of the cyclin drugs (was it tetracyclin i cant remember) actually has a very funny side effect it changes the color of your bones My fav antibiotic family gotta be cepalosporins. There are just so fucking many of them.

[@Tootsie23101]

I'm allergic to penicillin so last time I got an infection they gave my doxycycline and it made me so sick... thankfully I just had to start taking it with food to avoid the vomiting....

[@lukassorowka2672]

5:05 its a hydrazone

[@DanteTheAbyssalBeing]

Doxycycline is pretty based. I'm on it currently for a nasty chest infection and within a day or two I was feeling drastically improved. I love modern medicine.

[@bneskylights1152]

Wait, how long have you been using the stellaris menu music?

[@dr.stonefish5882]

Why do we use for example penicilin only for some kinds of infections and not all of them?

[@RoseLalonde76]

I never knew the full name of Bactrim. Just always called it "sulfa" because a nurse once said it would be easier to understand than Bactrim when talking about how i'm allergic to it 😂 wild to see it here!

[@o-manthehuman7867]

Yo the stellaris soundtrack though, absolutely based taste in music

[@thememester1190]

Imagine how it must feel for millions of lives to be saved because you left your window open when you left the house one time.

[@That_Chemist]

it emerged in several places, but tbh only one story can be told

[@MrBloom2037]

most common antibiotics used are both tetracycline, penicillin & ammoxicillion.

[@kinexkid]

Im allergic to penicillin, and therefore blue cheese as well to a lesser extent. But i fucking love cheese, even developing lactose intolerance last year cant keep me away (lactase pills are a godsend). Blue cheese used to make my mouth unbearably itchy, apmost like my mouth was covered in hives. But over the years, it lessened to a large degree. Nowadays, i see it almost like a superpower. I have another sense that helps me determine how well made most moldy cheeses are by how itchy they make me. Cheap, non-aged blues wont cause any reaction, and only when the mold has been properly innoculated and given proper growing conditions will i get an itchy response. Take that genetics, you thought you could keep me away from cheese? You only made me stronger

[@markedis5902]

Interesting that the anti bots you said are common in the US are less common in the UK and vice versa.

[@hallowfiended]

>stellaris music BASED